1 . 阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

What is causing the increase in the     1     (globe) average surface temperature? Climate scientists think it is the greenhouse effect,     2     includes “natural” and “man-made”,     3     matters. The “man-made” greenhouse effect has become     4     big problem. People produce huge amounts of green-house gases by burning fossil fuels,    5     (leave) more heat energy     6     (trap) in the atmosphere. The rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural     7     (disaster). Appropriate actions should be taken     8     (prevent) it.     9    , there will be a higher price to pay. Governments should make policies and take measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and individuals can also make a     10     (different) by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce.

2 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. What’s Friends?

A．A TV play.

B．An English movie.

C．An English news broadcast.

2. How old are the characters?

A．In their 20s.

B．In their 30s.

C．In their 40s.

3. How is Friends organized?

A．By listing examples.

B．By introducing different backgrounds.

C．By making fun of each other’s shortcomings.

4. Where does the speaker’s friend work?

A．In a university.

B．At an educational firm.

C．In a language school.

3 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. When did the man get to Washington, D.C.?

A．At about 8:00.

B．At about 10:00.

C．At about 12:00

2. Who paid the money?

A．The man himself.

B．The Army Band.

C．A private organization.

3. Why did the man go to Washington, D.C.?

A．To take photos.

B．To receive honor.

C．To meet reporters.

4. How does the woman feel?

A．Ashamed.

B．Proud.

C．Content.

4 . Debate about artificial intelligence (AI) tends to focus on its potential dangers: algorithmic (算法) discrimination, the mass destruction of jobs and even, some say, the extinction of humanity. As some observers worry, however, others are focusing on the potential rewards. AI could, they claim, help humanity solve some of its biggest and toughest problems. And, they say, AI will do this in a very specific way: by speeding the pace of scientific discovery, especially in areas such as medicine, climate science and green technology.

Such claims are worth examining, and may provide a useful counterbalance (抵消) to fears about large-scale unemployment and killer robots. Many previous technologies have, of course, been falsely praised as panaceas (灵丹妙药). The electric telegraph was praised in the 1850s as a sign of world peace. Experts in the 1990s said the internet would reduce inequality.

But the mechanism by which AI will supposedly solve the world’s problems has a stronger historical basis, because there have been several periods in history when new approaches and new tools did indeed help bring about bursts of world-changing scientific discovery and innovation.

In the 17th century microscopes and telescopes opened up new vistas (视野) of discoveries, while the introduction of scientific journals gave them new ways to share their findings. From the mid-20th century, computers in turn enabled new forms of science based on simulation and modelling, from the design of weapons and aircraft to more accurate weather forecasting.

And the computer revolution may not be finished yet. As we report, AI tools and techniques are now being applied in almost every field of science, though the degree of adoption varies widely: 7.2% of physics and astronomy papers published in 2022 involved AI. AI is being employed in many ways. It can identify promising candidates for analysis, such as molecules with particular properties in drug discovery, or materials with the characteristics needed in batteries or solar cells.

All this is to be welcomed. But the journal and the laboratory went further still: they altered scientific practice itself and unlocked more powerful means of making discoveries. AI has the potential to set off such a transformation.

1. How does the author develop the first paragraph?

A．By providing evidence.	B．By listing debates about AI.
C．By making classification of AI.	D．By explaining a phenomenon.

2. What’s the author’s attitude towards experts in the 1990s?

A．Skeptical.

B．Objective.

C．Disapproving.

D．Favourable.

3. What does the author want to express in Paragraph 4?

A．Scientific journals bring about successful data analysis.

B．Scientific journals and computers remove people’s discrimination.

C．Scientific discovery and innovation have some potential problems.

D．Scientific progresses benefit from new approaches and new tools.

4. Which of the following could be the best title for the text?

A．How Al can revolutionise Science

B．Why Al Decides Human Beings’ Future

C．When Human Beings No Longer Fear Al

D．Where Al Performs Better in Scientific Fields

5 . Three scientists jointly won this year’s Nobel Prize in physics for proving that tiny particles (粒子) could keep a connection with each other even when separated, a phenomenon once doubted but now being explored for potential real-world applications such as encoding information. Frenchman Alain Aspect, American John F. Clauser and Austrian Anton Zeilinger were quoted by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for experiments proving the “totally crazy” field of quantum entanglements (量子纠缠) to be all too real. They demonstrated that unseen particles, such as photons (光子) , can be linked, or “entangled”, with each other even when they are separated by large distances.

In quantum entanglement, establishing common information between two photons not near each other “allows us to do things like secret communication, in ways which weren’t possible to do before”, said David Haviland, chair of the Nobel Committee for Physics. Quantum information “has broad and potential effects in areas such as secure information transmission, quantum computing and sensing technology”. The kind of secure communication used by China’s Micius satellite, as well as by some banks, is a “success story of quantum entanglement”, said Harun Siljak of Trinity College Dublin.

The Nobel Committee said Clauser developed quantum theories first put forward in the 1960s into a practical experiment. Aspect was able to correct an error in those theories, while Zeilinger demonstrated a phenomenon called quantum teleportation that effectively allows information to be sent over distances. “Using entanglement you can send all the information which is carried by an object over to some other place where the object is.” Zeilinger said. He added that this only works for tiny particles. “It is not like in the Star Trek films transporting something, certainly not the person, over some distance,” he said.

1. Which of the following statements about quantum entanglements is NOT true?

A．Scientists were doubtful whether it exists in the real world.

B．The Nobel Prize winner has put it into practical experiment.

C．Two particles can actually be connected regardless of distances.

D．The more distant 2 photons get, the less entangled they’ll become.

2. Which has the closest meaning to the underlined word “transmission”?

A．Affecting.	B．Transforming.
C．Communicating.	D．Spreading.

3. What is the last paragraph mainly about?

A．The achievements these 3 scientists have got individually.

B．The explanation for information transmission over large distances.

C．The clarification that science fiction is no equal to scientific theory.

D．The reason why these 3 scientists share this year’s Nobel Prize in physics.

4. What can we conclude from the passage?

A．Classical physics can be applied to tiny particles.

B．Quantum physics is the focus of modern physical research.

C．Particles, photons, and quanta are all the basic composition of matter.

D．Quantum entanglements can contribute to more cutting-edge technologies.

6 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。

The Silk Road is neither an actual road nor a single route. It instead refers to a trade network     1    (date) from the Han dynasty of China. German geographer and traveler Ferdinand first used the term “silk road” in1877 C.E.    2    (describe) the well-traveled pathway of goods between Europe and East Asia. Although the trade network is commonly referred     3     as the Silk Road, some historians favor the term Silk Routes because it better reflects the many paths     4     (take) by traders.

One of the most    5    (influence) travelers of the Silk Road was Marco Polo. He traveled with his father to China when he was just 17. Upon his return, he wrote about his adventures, which    6     (make) him and the routes he traveled famous.

From China, merchants carried silk to Europe,     7     it was well received by the nobility and wealthy people.     8    traveled together with silk from Asia were jade, porcelain, tea and spices. In exchange, horses, glassware, textiles and manufactured goods traveled eastward.

The significance of the Silk Road to human history has received widespread    9     (recognize). Towns along    10    routes grew into multicultural cities. The exchange of information gave rise to new technologies and innovations that would change the world. Today, parts of the Silk Road are listed on UNESCO’s World Heritage List.

7 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. What is Akria Miyawaki?

A．An officer.

B．A professor.

C．A scientist.

2. What is the benefit of the diversity of tree species according to the recent study?

A．Producing more oxygen.

B．Attracting different kinds of animals.

C．Dealing with climate change.

3. What did the organization in Paris do?

A．It taught people to grow their own mini forests.

B．It helped communities build 100 forests.

C．It educated kids about tiny forests.

4. What is the passage mainly about?

A．Mini forests have emerged all over the world.

B．The advantages of mini forests.

C．The reason why mini forests are popular worldwide.

8 . The arrival of spring always means a trip to the bamboo forest for Kaitlyn Hennacy and her family, followed by an afternoon making bamboo buns (包子). This ________ started when Hennacy’s mother and grandmother discovered ________ bamboo growing near the University of Maryland, where her mom was studying in the early 1990s. Hennacy said her grandmother immigrated to the U.S. from Zhejiang, China, where she ________ cooking with bamboo often.

The trip to ________ bamboo usually happens in late April. Each person in the group has their own bag to ________ as they get each bamboo shoot out of the ground. However, no one picks more bamboo than Grandma. The entire ________ of picking the bamboo and making the buns reminds Hennacy of how ________ her grandma is — and it ________ her own work ethic. “She turned 80 this year and still hikes up a hill,” Hennacy said.

To make buns, the bamboo has to be cut into small pieces and ________ with other fillings. Hennacy learned how to make the buns by ________ her grandma, but she had to work to measure everything and write it down because her grandmother cooks from ________.

Hennacy said she and her family are ________ to have Grandma living with them. She ________ everyone’s favorite foods and routinely ________ healthy meals. “That’s how ________ a person she is.”

Hennacy said. “She shows her love through cooking.”

1.

A．season

B．journey

C．tradition

D．gathering

2.

A．wild

B．dried

C．cheap

D．tough

3.

A．dropped out

B．came back

C．moved on

D．grew up

4.

A．eat

B．buy

C．choose

D．collect

5.

A．grab

B．fill

C．carry

D．clean

6.

A．life

B．group

C．process

D．advantage

7.

A．nature-loving

B．hard-working

C．quick-thinking

D．food-enjoying

8.

A．honors

B．displays

C．inspires

D．highlights

9.

A．mixed

B．covered

C．paired

D．compared

10.

A．calling

B．visiting

C．serving

D．watching

11.

A．interest

B．memory

C．practice

D．imagination

12.

A．ready

B．fortunate

C．hopeful

D．eager

13.

A．knows

B．accepts

C．appreciates

D．respects

14.

A．wants

B．stores

C．orders

D．fixes

15.

A．caring

B．daring

C．demanding

D．promising

9 . When I was a little boy growing up, my Mom, Dad, brothers and I lived in my Nana’s old house. It was surrounded by four huge vegetable gardens. And around the house so many flowers were planted. It was so beautiful there in the spring and summer. That wasn’t all, though. On the back porch Nana had dozens of potted plants hanging on hooks. She watered them, talked to them and nurtured them. And in the winter she would carry them all inside and set them on shelves near the windows of our enclosed front porch. There with a little water and a lot of love she kept them alive, green, and growing even during the coldest, darkest months.

As a boy I was puzzled by all the effort she put into them. I understood the vegetable gardens. They helped to feed the family all winter long. I even understood the flowers around the house. They were pretty and smelled so sweet in the summer months. The reason she put so much effort into caring for those potted plants, however, eluded me. They didn’t give us any food and they rarely had any flowers on them. They remained a mystery to my child’s mind.

Now as I’ve grown older I am beginning to understand why my Nana had those potted plants. It is the same reason I have so many pictures of sunrises and forests hanging in my home. They remind me during the dark, cold, winter months full of bare trees and yellow grass that light, love, and growth still exist. They remind me that Spring will come again. They remind me that God loves us and is still with us even when the earth doesn’t show it.

Today I see Nana’s potted plants in a new light. They are worth every bit of the love and care she put into them. But what tells me most about light and love is Nana herself. She is light to my soul even in my darkest times. And her love lives on in my heart even if she is in Heaven. May we all learn to love as she loved, shine as she shined, and live as she lived.

1. Which of the following is close in meaning to the underlined word “eluded” in paragraph 2?

A．Upset.

B．Misguided.

C．Confused.

D．Distracted.

2. Why was Nana fond of potted plants?

A．They were a sign of hope.	B．They resembled sunrise and forests.
C．They constantly kept Nana company.	D．They were portable and easy to nurture.

3. What is the author’s purpose of writing the passage?

A．To advocate growing potted plants.	B．To sing the praise of Nana’s spirit and love.
C．To stress the benefits of a positive lifestyle.	D．To recall beautiful memories spent with Nana.

4. What’s the type of the passage?

A．A non-fiction.	B．A book review.
C．An agricultural leaflet.	D．A celebrity biography.

10 . If you think about World Heritage Sites, you probably think of places associated with ancient art and culture and historical buildings. And of course, many of these are on the World Heritage List (WHL). These include remains of ancient cultures like Cuzco in Peru or the rock city of Petra in Jordan as well as old city centers such as Rome in Italy. Also common are places of artistic or cultural significance, like the Stonehenge stone circle in England. But the WHL contains a lot of sites that are not so obvious. Let’s look at a few of the more unusual sites on the WHL and why it is important to preserve them.

Citadel of Haiti

These monuments were built at the end of the 19th century when Haiti became independent and the many thousands of black slaves in Haiti were free for the first time. These ex-slaves built the monuments, which the WHL describes as “a universal symbol of liberty”.

Borders of France and Spain

This is an area of great natural beauty and the mountains have many interesting geological formations.

But it is also an area of small farms. The WHL has listed the site because it shows us about past European society through its landscape of villages, farms, fields, up land pastures and mountain roads.

The Darjeeling Himalayan Railway

This railway in India was opened in 1881 and is still operating today. It crosses a difficult area of mountain landscape and it is a great example of railway engineering. The WHL says that it is “the first, and still the most outstanding, example of a hill passenger railway.”

The city of Brasilia

Brasilia is a capital city that was created from nothing in 1956. The WHL calls it “a land mark in the history of town planning”. The different areas of the city and the buildings themselves were all designed at the same time so that they would harmonize with each other.

1. What’s the function of the examples of World Heritage Sites in paragraph 1?

A．To highlight the importance of WHL.

B．To exemplify sites of artistic and cultural value.

C．To compare the differences between various sites.

D．To draw readers’ attention to more unique sites on the WHL.

2. Who built Citadel of Haiti?

A．Former slaves.	B．Citizens in Haiti.
C．Active revolutionaries.	D．Haiti government.

3. Which site will attract a town planner most?

A．Citadel of Haiti.	B．Borders of France and Spain.
C．The city of Brasilia.	D．The Darjeeling Himalayan Railway.