1 . Animals, including humans, feel sound as well as hear it, and some of the most meaningful communication happens at frequencies (频率) that people can’t hear. Elephants, for example, use these low-frequency sounds to, among other things, find family or a mate across long distances. Whales do it, too.

But you don’t have to weigh a ton to make a sound. In fact, you don’t have to be bigger than a pea. Consider, for example, the tree-hopper, a curious little animal that lives on the stems (茎) of the leaves. University of Missouri biologist Rex Cocroft has spent much of his time listening closely to tree-hoppers with his team.

The team discovers that all the sounds being heard from tree-hoppers are produced by males. They do it by vibrating (振动) their abdomens (腹部) to make a wide variety of strange sounds. There is almost no airborne sound produced with these vibrational sounds. Cocroft explained, “If a tree-hopper were to stand on your finger and produce a sound, you would feel the vibration but hear no sound.”

They showed that some sounds, not surprisingly, seem to be aimed at attracting females. And some are aimed at other males.

Cocroft explained, “When two males meet each other, or when they are mate-searching on a branch, we’re hearing ‘purring, bdddddrrrr…’ sounds that males give.” Normally, a person couldn’t hear any of this, because the sound travels along the stem, inside it. And that’s how other tree-hoppers detect it.

Cocroft said tree-hoppers have very sensitive legs. And they stand around on stems, which are good at spreading vibrations. So they just use what nature gives them to communicate with each other.

“They have so many different forms of social behavior and grouping,” Cocroft explained. “And once there are animals living in groups, then there will be all sorts of interesting possibilities for communication.”

1. What does Cocroft’s research focus on about tree-hoppers?

A．Their variety.	B．Their communication.
C．Their living areas.	D．Their numbers.

2. What can we know about tree-hoppers?

A．They sense sounds by legs.

B．They knock the stems to make sounds.

C．Their sounds can be easily heard by humans.

D．Females make sounds to meet each other

3. What does Cocroft say about animals’ living in groups?

A．It is key to their survival.

B．It drives an increase in their numbers.

C．It often leads to communication.

D．It contributes much to the division of animal types.

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．A Magic Moment in Nature	B．A Journey to the Wildlife
C．Learning From Nature	D．Communication Sounds Among Animals

2 . Every year the start of the Atlantic hurricane season is another reminder for Margarite August that she still doesn’t have a roof.

The 70-year-old retired teacher’s home on the small Caribbean island nation of Dominica was mostly wiped out by hurricane Maria six years ago.

Six years after hurricane Maria, Dominicans like Margarite August still haven’t been able to rehabilitate their homes.

August is not alone. Since Maria, the government of Dominica has built 7,000 new homes—about a quarter of its housing stock-with materials to fight another Category 5 hurricane. They’ve also relocated two communities. But an untold number of the island’s 70,000 or so residents are like August, rebuilding their homes in any way they can afford.

Hurricane Maria is often referred to as a once-in-a-lifetime disaster. Scientists put much of the blame on warming ocean temperatures that could make frequent (频繁的) storms like it.

Maria damaged a terrible 95% of Dominica’s housing stock and 226% of the nation’s GDP. Before the storm, the country’s economy had long struggled since its independence from Great Britain in 1978. Unlike its more famous touristy neighbors along the chain of eastern Caribbean islands it lies on, Dominica is more known for its rugged mountains and jungles (丛林) than white sandy beaches.

The jungle mountains that crash down to the coast are beautiful but disasters visit easily. “I don’t think anybody ever got over Maria,” says Christine John of the Dominica Red Cross. “There are a lot of persons today—if it just starts to rain outside, they get anxious.”

1. What does the underlined word “rehabilitate” in paragraph 3 mean?

A．Rebuild.

B．Leave.

C．Decorate.

D．Buy.

2. What is the main cause of frequent extreme storms according to scientists?

A．Over-farming.	B．Loss of the land.
C．The disappearance of the forests.	D．Climate change.

3. What is Dominica known for according to the text?

A．Its good economy.	B．Its architecture.
C．Its mountains and jungles.	D．Its sandy beaches.

4. Why are Dominicans nervous when it rains?

A．They have to stay bored at home.	B．Their houses are easy to take in water.
C．They don’t know how to make umbrellas.	D．They are afraid of another disaster like Maria.

3 . The incident happened one day in November. A stranger asked Sammy where his mother and father were, and he knew something was off. While the woman was _______ to him, she insisted that she knew his family. The woman _______ he should come with her, but young Sammy didn’t follow.

He was understandably _______ the situation but out of it he came up with a plan. The youngster entered a store he regularly went to and _______   the cashier, Hannah Daniels. Thirty-year-old Hannah was behind the register and Sammy’s _______ were something she would never forget.

He whispered to her, “Act like you’re my mom. This lady is _______ me.” Hannah remained calm, but she didn’t take Sammy’s words lightly.

Hannah _______ placed herself between the boy and the woman. The woman was standing just outside the store, so Hannah could _______ the door and lock it _______ something terrible happened.

Sammy recalled the ________ moment and noted that he was trembling in the ________ . His dad had taught him about stranger ________ and the risk of kidnappings(拐骗). As a result, the youngster knew how to ________ to the woman.

When the boy’s father, Sam Green later watched a video of the incident ________ from the store’s security camera, he said he was moved to tears. He hopes their experience would ________ other moms and dads to educate their kids because it can make a significant difference.

1.

A．nice

B．unfamiliar

C．similar

D．polite

2.

A．promised

B．decided

C．indicated

D．agreed

3.

A．worried about

B．insisted on

C．interested in

D．surprised at

4.

A．rejected

B．analyzed

C．caught

D．approached

5.

A．grades

B．jokes

C．words

D．hopes

6.

A．following

B．challenging

C．testing

D．teaching

7.

A．constantly

B．immediately

C．barely

D．finally

8.

A．shut

B．open

C．find

D．break

9.

A．since

B．after

C．until

D．before

10.

A．exciting

B．frightening

C．satisfying

D．disappointing

11.

A．car

B．hospital

C．store

D．school

12.

A．danger

B．love

C．voice

D．preference

13.

A．play

B．respond

C．talk

D．complain

14.

A．noted

B．pictured

C．stolen

D．recorded

15.

A．invite

B．allow

C．encourage

D．introduce

4 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Educating boys and girls together has always been an important and stressful issue. Many     1     (parent) believe that the educational process can be more     2     (effect) if the classes are divided according to the gender (性别) of the students. Although same-sex schools     3     (consider) too conservative and strict in today’s times, nevertheless, there are still supporters of this manner of education. They feel that the presence of the opposite gender distracts the attention of students and keeps them     4     concentrating on studies.

On     5     other hand, supporters of co-education feel that as boys and girls are different, it is a valuable experience for both genders     6     (contact) each other. Moreover, the earlier boys and girls begin to communicate, the sooner they acquire social skills,     7     are crucial to communicating freely in the world. Further, if there are girls in the class, boys may well possibly try to do better in order not to lose face in front of the girls.

Apart from all that has been mentioned above, educating boys and girls together     8     (help) them understand and mutually respect each other from an early stage in life. This can possibly help in     9     (build) a generation that doesn’t suffer from gender bias and is open to a healthy     10     (compete) even between the two genders.

5 . Four Best Apps for Buying and Selling Used Stuff

There are dozens of different apps out there to help you buy cheap used items or sell your stuff. Here are four of the top platforms (平台).

CardCash

It happens to most of us: Friends and family give gift cards on birthdays and holidays for restaurants or stores that we don’t go to often. Rather than let your gift cards go unused, CardCash allows you to sell or exchange your cards for up to 92%of their value.

Chairish

Selling your furniture(家具)is simple on Chairish. Your listings are free(up to nine per month)and you can set a price you think is fair. Best of all, Chairish will help set up shipping for you. which is especially nice for larger or easily broken items.

Decluttr

Decluttr specializes in buying unused technology products, including cellphones, TV game players and DVDs. Decluttr offers immediate valuations on products and pays you as soon as your items are received-or you can choose to donate your earnings to charity on this platform.

eCampus

The average secondary student spends up to $1, 471 every year on books and supplies, according to the Education Data Initiative at EducationData. org. But eCampus enables students to save up to 90% on renting or buying both new and used textbooks. If you’re looking to get back some book costs at the end of the semester, you can sell your old textbooks on the platform. Just keep in mind eCampus will keep 15% of the final sale price.

1. Which app best suits people who want to sell second-hand sofas?

A．CardCash.

B．Chairish.

C．Decluttr.

D．eCampus.

2. What can you do on Decluttr?

A．Check out good restaurants nearby.

B．Rent or buy both new and used textbooks.

C．Donate the money you earned from selling things.

D．Send gift cards to your friends or family members.

3. If you sell a book on eCampus for 20. how much money will you end up receiving?

A．$9.

B．$14.

C．$15.

D．$17.

6 . By the time Joy Ryan, a US grandma, turned 85, she had never seen the ocean or mountains. For Joy, trips to the local fishing area with her husband were about the farthest place she had ever gone, even if she loved watching the Travel Channel.

But one day Joy’s grandson, Brad Ryan, discovered that he and his grandma had a common interest in their love for traveling, when they began to visit the American great outdoors together.

Brad said, “When I learned my grandma had never seen the great wildernesses of America—deserts, mountains and oceans, I thought there was something I needed to do.” It was after taking his grandma out of Ohio on a visit to the Great Smoky Mountains National Park that he came up with the idea of visiting all the 63 US national parks with her to create inspiring memories.

Going to all the 63 US National Parks is a huge achievement even for a much younger adventurer (冒险家). Brad said his grandmother’s physical strength (体力) grew with their trips. For example, his grandma went water rafting (漂流) at 91, with class three rapids and when walking at the New River Gorge National Park in West Virginia, she broke the record by almost a decade!

It wasn’t always like this, however. Joy was so wobbly (不稳的) on her first trip, challenged by her balance. A group of college students clapped their hands when she reached the top of a path they were following.

Joy broke her age limitation (限制) and at the age of 93, she made history as the oldest living person to visit every US National Park. Joy believes it’s the mix of hopefulness, willpower, and the good health that gives her strength.

1. With whom did Joy Ryan visit all the 63 US national parks?

A．Her grandson.	B．Her husband.
C．Her daughter.	D．Her student.

2. What does Brad want to show by mentioning Joy Ryan’s water rafting at 91?

A．She had a love for traveling.

B．Water rafting is dangerous for the old.

C．There is no age limitation for water rafting.

D．She had developed a strong body from traveling.

3. What is Joy Ryan’s challenge on her first trip?

A．Her memory.	B．Her balance.
C．Her physical strength.	D．Her sense of direction.

4. Which of the following can best describe Joy Ryan?

A．Brave and hopeful.	B．Humorous and outgoing.
C．Hard-working and helpful.	D．Thoughtful and self-confident.

7 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

“Hello”,     1     always makes a point about the importance of how we greet (问候) others, is a very common word in our daily life. The word we choose sets the     2     (begin) for the whole communication, and in turn, shapes the future of     3     (we) relationship with others. At times we may use something like a formal “good day” in certain situations, and a more informal “hey” or “hi” in others. Knowing how     4     (say) hello in different languages is always the first step when it     5     (come) to becoming more communicative with the rest of the world. “Hello” is     6     (important) than any other word for you to remember when you’re learning a new language. Now let’s learn some different     7     (form) of “hello” in different languages around the world: in English— Hello; in Chinese— Nin ho; in French— Bonjour; in Spanish— Hola. Isn’t it     8     (interest) to get you ready for some situations? There are even more ways to say hello in every language. The way of greeting someone can change depending     9     the time of the day, or your relationship with the person you’re saying hello to. Beyond the words, people also use a mixture of body language and physical (身体的) touch to greet each other, from handshakes to hugs or cheek kisses. Learning to greet someone is all about making a connection, so have     10     try and do your best.

8 . This morning I was reading a book outside my favorite beachside coffee shop when an 18-year-old boy sat down next to me and said, “The ______   in your hands is great, isn’t it?” I closed the book and we started ______ .

He told me he was getting ready to ______   high school next week and then started his college life in the fall. But he had no ______ what he wanted to do with his life.

He asked me many questions, and I ______ them as well as I could, trying to give ______ advice with the time I had. And after a half-hour conversation, he thanked me and we parted ways.

But on my way home I realized the ______ I had with that 18-year-old boy was ______ quite nostalgic (令人怀念的) . He made me ______ the time when I was his age, more than twenty years ago. I had so many ______ back then. So, I started thinking about his questions again, and I began remembering all the helpful little things someone told me ______ I was 18.

The ______ is that you’d better do your best, one ______ , not all at once. And above all, laugh when you can, apologize when you should, and let go of what you can’t ______ when everything develops. Life is short, yet ______ . Enjoy the ride!

1.

A．book

B．magazine

C．radio

D．newspaper

2.

A．reading

B．dancing

C．chatting

D．singing

3.

A．graduate from

B．give up

C．get to

D．look for

4.

A．right

B．idea

C．excuse

D．money

5.

A．avoided

B．refused

C．doubted

D．answered

6.

A．proper

B．strict

C．humorous

D．wrong

7.

A．competition

B．experiment

C．argument

D．conversation

8.

A．angrily

B．sadly

C．actually

D．bravely

9.

A．forget

B．remember

C．waste

D．discuss

10.

A．chances

B．choices

C．questions

D．challenges

11.

A．when

B．until

C．how

D．though

12.

A．reason

B．truth

C．silence

D．cause

13.

A．on time

B．at a time

C．in time

D．from time to time

14.

A．volunteer

B．imagine

C．change

D．cheat

15.

A．similar

B．strange

C．difficult

D．amazing

9 . Viator, a trip advisor company, offers a variety of tourism programs near London. The following are some of its programs.

Thames River Sightseeing Cruise (乘船游览) with Afternoon Tea (Aug. 18)

While in London, you can add the moment of enjoying British tradition to an afternoon tea cruise. You can have a unique dining experience with family and friends on the Thames River. As you cruise from Tower Pier to Westminster, you can enjoy tea, freshly prepared cakes and sandwiches, and view London’s great landmarks, including the Tower of London, St. Paul’s Cathedral and the London Eye.

Lowest Price: $ 57. 7

Duration: 1. 5 hours

Kid-Friendly Private Tour (Aug. 20)

This tour is a private tour of the Tower of London with pre-booked admission tickets. It is specially designed for families with children, including interesting stories from over the centuries. You can enjoy a visit to the Crown Jewels, red-uniformed Beefeaters, and a stop at the Beasts of the Royal Menagerie.

Lowest Price: $ 309. 35

Duration: 6 hours

Walking Tour (Aug. 22)

This action-packed walking tour covers London’s two most historic areas: the City of London and Westminster. See more than 30 sights, including the Tower of London, Big Ben, Buckingham Palace and so on.

Lowest Price: $19. 35

Duration: 5 hours

Night Open-Top Bus Tour with Christmas Lights (Nov. 18)

You will see a different side of London on an open-top bus tour that discovers the best of the city’s Christmas lights. Sitting on the top deck gives you overall views of England’s capital, including top attractions such as Buckingham Palace, the Tower of London and St. Paul’s Cathedral.

Lowest Price: $ 30. 97

Duration: 2 hours

1. What can visitors enjoy during the Kid-Friendly Private Tour?

A．Freshly prepared cakes.	B．Christmas lights.
C．A Cruise experience.	D．Interesting stories.

2. How long does the Walking Tour last?

A．1. 5 hours.

B．2 hours.

C．5 hours.

D．6 hours.

3. Which of the four programs starts the latest?

A．Walking Tour.

B．Kid-Friendly Private Tour.

C．Night Open-Top Bus Tour with Christmas Lights.

D．Thames River Sightseeing Cruise with Afternoon Tea.

10 . 根据句意选择句中黑体短语的汉语意思。

A. 适应某事             B. 申请             C. 把……看作             D. 亲自，本人             E. 树立目标

1. I always set goals at the beginning of each time so that I know where I’m going.
2. To maintain a healthy social life, I like to see people in person instead of on social media.
3. How can a leader adapt to a changing environment?
4. The contribution he made to the village was great, so he became very popular among the villages and they treated him as one of them.
5. He had an inspiration — why not apply for some government money.