1 . How to Apply China Visa (签证)

How to apply China visa is the most concerned question for international tourists who plan to travel to China. Here you will find the useful information about China visa requirements and instructions.

China Visa Requirements

▶The valid (有效的) passport

Original passport valid for at least 6 months with blank visa pages, and a photocopy of data page (with your photo on it)

▶China visa application form and photo

The applicants must fill in a complete visa application form and attach it with a recent-taken colour passport photo.

So what is the requirement of the photo? The photo you submit must be passport-type (bare-head, full face) and standard with the correct dimension and background colour.

▶Effective proof of legal stay or resident status (it applies to those who do not apply for China visa in their countries of citizenship).

Supporting Application Documents

For C-Visa, a letter of guarantee issued by a foreign transport company or an invitation letter issued by a relevant authority from China side shall be provided.

For D-Visa, the original and a photocopy of foreign permanent residence identification form issued by China’s Ministry of Public Security shall be provided.

For F-Visa, an invitation letter issued by relevant authorities or individuals from China side shall be provided.

For G-Visa, an onward air (train, bus, ship) ticket with confirmed date and seat to the third country or region shall be provided.

For L-Visa, the tour itinerary (行程) and documents with round trip flight tickets and accommodation reservations, or an invitation letter issued by relevant authorities or individuals from Chinese side shall be provided.

For M-Visa, documents of business activity, trade fair invitation letter or other invitation letter issued by trade partners in China shall be provided.

Further reading: click the link China visa knowledge and types.

1. In what situation do people have to prove the legal stay for the application?

A．Not being in his country of nationality.

B．Without documents of business activity.

C．Without photos that match the requirements.

D．Not being invited by trade partners in China.

2. Which visas need the trip ticket?

A．C-Visa and M-Visa.	B．L-Visa and D-Visa.
C．G-Visa and L-Visa.	D．F-Visa and M-Visa.

3. Where is the text probably from?

A．A science magazine.	B．A travel brochure.
C．A hotel poster.	D．A web page.

2 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Socializing with my friends online is my life. The moment I wake     1     I check through all my social networking     2     (app), reading my emails and posting updates. I have 500 friends online and I live with several roommates, but I feel lonely. It seems that I have an active social life,     3     (attend) parties and playing sports, but I’m absent-minded because I     4     (strong) obsess over my phone.

Social networking     5     (be) the master of my life. Though sometimes I set deadlines    6     (tear) myself away from my phone, I fail again and again. Spending so much time socializing online. I always feel     7     (depress) and alone. As a result, I can’t finish what I should do in my real life.

It is common that at parties or at a family holiday, most members fix their eyes on their phones,     8    they think is normal rather than rude.

What is most worrying is that it is     9     (possible) to drop my phone. I need it for my studies because my teachers and classmates need to contact me. It is     10     problem that we are so close but really so far.

3 . Jim Curry lights a stove in the parking lot of Christ Episcopal Church in Guilford. It’ll get up to 2,000 degrees, hot enough to soften the metal of shotgun parts so they can be reshaped.

A crowd is watching, and Curry picks out a 9-year-old named Oliver to help him. “This is really magic,” Curry says. “Right before your very eyes, you’re gonna see Oliver transform this gun, this instrument of potential harm, into something that could never be a gun ever again. It’s gonna be a trowel (泥铲), which could be used to plant flowers in a garden.”

“It is exciting,” Oliver says. “I love the fact that you can take metal that’s random and shape it into something useful.”

Curry, a retired priest, is a co-founder of Swords to Plowshares (犁) Northeast, the organization putting on this event, which helps police departments manage their gun buyback programs and repurpose the weapons into gardening tools.

The finished tools are donated to community gardens and agricultural high schools and the harvested vegetables donated to soup kitchens and homeless shelters, according to the group’s website.

Retired priest Mary Ann first volunteered with Swords to Plowshares when a family member fell victim to gun violence. She helps collect guns through police buybacks. “When there’s such despair now in our country, people need to know that we can change. There is hope,” she says.

Curry wears a constant reminder of that hope around his neck. It’s two large pieces of metal molded into the shape of a cross. “It’s made out of pieces of an AK-47 used for killing”, he says. “But God’s love breaks it apart, reshapes it, then transforms it into the sign of greatest hope — the cross. And that’s why I wear it.”

1. What do Curry and Oliver do in the parking lot?

A．They measure the temperature of a hot stove.

B．They do magic tricks in front of many people.

C．They turn what’s threatening into what’s useful.

D．They do experiments on how to make useful tools.

2. Where can you find the reshaped tools from the text?

A．In homeless shelters.	B．In some famous gardens.
C．In agricultural high schools.	D．In kitchens of the community.

3. What can be inferred from Marry Ann’s words?

A．She feels desperate as she lost her beloved one.

B．Her country may be under threat from gun violence.

C．She will do something significant to rescue the world.

D．Her family member was killed because of gun violence.

4. What can you learn about Curry from the last paragraph?

A．He made the cross all by himself.

B．His cross is a weapon used to kill.

C．The cross reminds him to reshape more tools.

D．The cross represents his hope for a better life.

4 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. How does the man feel about flying?

A．Excited.

B．Bored.

C．Scared.

2. Who has a driver’s license?

A．The man.

B．The woman.

C．Neither of the speakers.

3. What does the woman say about traveling by bus?

A．It’s unpleasant and inconvenient.

B．It’s great to see the scenery.

C．It’s exciting to meet other passengers.

4. What means of transportation will the speakers take to get to Georgia?

A．The plane.

B．The train.

C．The car.

5 . Mosquitoes are one of the few unpleasant parts of summer. As the temperature rises, these disease-carrying pests become a common sight, especially around standing water. Thankfully, these tiny annoying creatures don’t follow us into the winter, right? Wrong. According to researchers in Florida, climate change will likely keep mosquitoes active even in the colder months of the year. “In tropical (热带的) areas, mosquitoes are active all year, but that isn’t the case for the rest of the world. Outside of the tropics, winter temperatures cause mosquitoes to go into a kind of hibernation called diapause (滞育). We call these mosquitoes ‘cold bounded’ because their activity is limited by these lower temperatures,” says Brett Scheffers, assistant professor in the wildlife eco logy and conservation department, in a university release.

“However, with climate change, summers are to get longer and winters are to become shorter and warmer. What will that mean for those cold bounded mosquitoes? How will they respond?” To see just how adaptive mosquitoes are already becoming to changing temperatures throughout the year, researchers collected these insects during each season in Gainesville, Florida.

Study authors caught over 28,000 insects from 18 different mosquito species during their experiment. Scientists lured the pests by using a trap that produces carbon dioxide. Mosquitoes seek out this gas, which both humans and animals blow out when they breathe. For these pests, the gas signals that a tasty meal is nearby. The team randomly selected 1,000 of these mosquitoes to test in their lab temperature experiment. They placed each insect in a test tube before putting it in water. From there, researchers continued to change the temperature, from cold to hot. At the same time, the team monitored when each mosquito became inactive—marking their upper or lower temperature thresholds (阈点).

As for what is allowing mosquitoes to make these rapid adjustments to the weather, the answer is still unclear. However, researchers believe evolution could be working at a much faster rate in tinier creatures. Study authors believe their findings will help communities better prepare for insect season as climate change continues to lengthen summer.

1. What does Brett Scheffers think of those cold bounded mosquitoes’ behaviors?

A．Less active.

B．More alarming.

C．More annoying.

D．Less consistent.

2. Why did the researchers conduct the experiment?

A．To find out why summer gets longer.

B．To see how mosquitoes spread in tropical areas.

C．To learn how mosquitoes are adapting to climate change.

D．To learn why climate change is related to species evolution.

3. Which can best replace the underlined word “lured” in paragraph 3?

A．Killed.

B．Attracted.

C．Changed.

D．Protected.

4. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A．Cold bounded mosquitoes are easily trapped

B．Wildlife ecology helps better prepare for insect season

C．Mosquitoes will be a year-long problem due to climate change

D．The cause of mosquitoes’ rapid adjustments to the weather is clear

6 . Welcome to Santa Cruz County. It is home to rough coastline and it’s the main destination for many hiking adventurers!

California King Tides Are Coming!

California King Tides are coming back to Santa Cruz County, and this season you have even more opportunities to enjoy these impressive tides! These naturally occurring and predictable events are when the highest and lowest tides hit our shores and create an even more dramatic coastline.

Winter Wildlife Getaway!

This season marks the start of the best wildlife watching on the California coast! Migrating whales and many special birds make December and January the perfect time for a wildlife adventure.

Magic Monarch Butterfly!

In Santa Cruz, we like to celebrate all creatures great and small, especially those of the migrating variety. On one hand, we are attracted by the sight of a whale surfaceing from the depths of the sea and, on the other hand, we delight in the attractive magic of a flying monarch butterfly.

County Shores!

Explore Santa Cruz County shores, and you’ll delight in rock y tide pools full of unique sea creatures. While exploring local tide pools, remember to have respect for your surroundings.

Care & Safety

Never turn your back on the ocean. Sleeper waves are a real phenomenon, and can sweep you away at any time.

We know how wonderful it might be to touch a plant or catch a fish from its waters, but disrupting tide pool life harms its inhabitants. Even if you think you’re saving a fish that appears to be pushed out of water, it’s best to leave it be. The tide will finally return it.

1. What are California King Tides like?

A．Unpredictable.

B．Splendid.

C．Ordinary.

D．Destructive.

2. Which is the best season to watch wildlife in Santa Cruz County?

A．Spring.

B．Summer.

C．Autumn.

D．Winter.

3. What are tourists advised to do when seeing tide pool fish?

A．Handle them gently.	B．Catch them immediately.
C．Leave them where they are.	D．Take them back to the ocean.

7 . Everyone knows you can save money on books by checking them out at the library instead of buying then.     1     Here are four surprising ways the library can help you save money.

●Reserve free tickets to local attractions. In the libraries of some places, you can get free or discounted tickets to local attractions in the city or town. The Nashville Public Library, for example, offers free passes to the Cheekwood Estate and Gardens.     2    

●Get free help with homework, Your library card may offer you free online help from expert tutors (导师), who offer live one-on-one homework help for students. It’s a sweet deal.     3     If you need to research something, they can identify relevant (紧密相关的) books or order them from other branches for you.

●Take free fitness and hobby classes.     4     Queens Public Library in New York offers workout classes ranging from yoga to tai chi, saving potentially hundreds of dollars in monthly class fees at a fitness studio. Libraries can also help you find a new hobby. You can join a knitting club, learn photography or take a class with a naturalist.

●    5     In addition to entertainment, many libraries offer programs to support the community. People who need help finding a job can take computer courses and get assistance with applications and interviews. Some people can take English as a Second Language (ESL) classes and some other classes to prepare themselves for their citizenship exam.

A．Use free social services.

B．Attend free concerts and performances.

C．Librarians can help with school projects too.

D．So have you learned how to check books out in different libraries?

E．But do you know that libraries can help you save on other things too?

F．Some libraries often offer free classes you’d pay money for elsewhere.

G．And library card holders in California can gain free entry to some state parks.

8 . Years ago, just as I do every winter, I was bagging up the clothing my sons had outgrown. It is always my _________ to re-purpose those things that do nothing more than _________ space.

I found an ugly pair of hand-knitted socks. I had to _________ — garbage or donation? Not being unusable, they were simply _________ to look at. I put them in the garbage, but minutes later, I took them back.

Later that afternoon, _________ up the car with clothes, I drove to a local shelter. As I distributed them, I _________ into the bag and pulled out the last of the donations — the ugly socks. _________, I held them in my hand as the crowd of the homeless went away, each with a _________ smile. Just as I was about to drop the socks back into the empty bag, _________myself for even bringing them along for the __________, a teenage boy walked up to me. “Can I have these socks?” he asked. A little __________ that I hadn’t anything left to give him except for these socks, I replied, “Of course.” “Thank you!” he said__________. “These socks remind me of my grandmother. She used to knit stuff like this for me!”

Not only were his feet __________ that day but so was his heart — and mine. To this day, the socks continue to bring me __________. It’s a proof that there is happiness in life’s simplest things, and we’ll never know how much we get until we’ve __________ those things with others.

1.

A．worry

B．beauty

C．hope

D．secret

2.

A．take up

B．leave

C．make

D．free up

3.

A．compare

B．decide

C．record

D．explore

4.

A．wonderful

B．clean

C．uncommon

D．unpleasant

5.

A．painting

B．washing

C．loading

D．lifting

6.

A．turned

B．ran

C．put

D．reached

7.

A．Secretly

B．Fortunately

C．Generally

D．Sincerely

8.

A．tight

B．strange

C．grateful

D．winning

9.

A．caring for

B．living up to

C．putting up with

D．laughing at

10.

A．show

B．ride

C．sale

D．space

11.

A．frightened

B．satisfied

C．disappointed

D．surprised

12.

A．bravely

B．happily

C．anxiously

D．angrily

13.

A．warmed

B．hurt

C．fixed

D．whitened

14.

A．money

B．peace

C．luck

D．joy

15.

A．shared

B．divided

C．supported

D．collected

9 . Politicians and the public tend to worry about carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions (排放) but neglect the effects of cutting methane (甲烷). Actually, dealing with the gas would have a large effect rapidly and at relatively low cost.

Human activity emits far less methane than carbon dioxide, but methane has a heavier impact. Over the course of 20 years, a ton of the gas will warm the atmosphere about 86 times more than a ton of CO₂. As a result, methane is responsible for 23% of the rise in temperatures since preindustrial times. Carbon dioxide gets most of the attention, but unless methane emissions are limited, there is little hope of controlling the climate.

By how much do methane emissions need to fall? Carbon dioxide stays in the atmosphere for centuries, making it hard to reduce its atmospheric concentrations (浓度). By contrast, methane has a half-life of roughly ten years, which means that it degrades quickly. If new emissions can be cut to below the rate at which old emissions reduce, the concentration of methane in the atmosphere will soon fall, slowing global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change estimates that, to keep temperatures between 1.5℃ and 2℃ above preindustrial levels, human methane emissions must drop to 35% below where they stood in 2010 by midcentury.

That is entirely possible. A big step would be to stop millions of tons of methane from leaking out of fossil-fuel infrastructure each year, through pipes with holes, leaky valves and carelessness. The International Energy Agency, a global forecaster, estimates that 40% of methane emissions from fossil fuels, equal to 9% of all human methane emissions, can be got rid of at no net cost for firms. The harder task is to reduce emissions from agriculture, but even here farmers can make use of new ideas, including developing new forms of food for farm animals, and changing how rice is watered.

1. What does the underlined word “neglect” in paragraph 1 probably mean?

A．Ignore.

B．Blame.

C．Value.

D．Delay.

2. What does the author intend to communicate in paragraph 2?

A．A less serious threat to global warming.

B．The little hope of controlling the climate.

C．People’s more attention on carbon dioxide.

D．The urgent need to reduce methane emissions.

3. Why does the author call attention to methane emissions?

A．They are the only hope of controlling the climate.

B．Their atmospheric concentrations are hard to reduce.

C．Their impact on the climate is huge but manageable.

D．They stay in the atmosphere longer than carbon dioxide.

4. Which source of methane emissions is more difficult to reduce according to the text?

A．Coal mining.

B．Rice farming.

C．Fuel burning.

D．Oil leaking.

10 . If Benjamin Franklin were alive today and read the latest science-based sleep news, he might update his “early to bed and early to rise” advice to include “less likely to become clinically depressed”.

A new study of 840,000 adults by a team of researchers from CU Boulder, Harvard Medical School, and MIT suggests that “early risers” may be at a significantly lower risk of developing depressive disorders than “late risers”.

According to the first author Iyas Daghlas and the lead author Céline Vetter, this research “shows strong evidence that a person’s propensity (倾向) to sleep at a certain time influences depression risk”.

Based on their latest findings, Daghlas thinks that going to bed one hour earlier and getting up an hour earlier (e. g., sleeping from midnight to 8 am instead of 1 am to 9 am)can reduce a person’s risk of major depression by 23%.

The reason why earlier risers are less to get depressed seems to be linked to getting more light exposure during the day. Therefore, there’s no need to wake up before sunrise in an attempt to lower your risk of depression if the sun isn’t up yet.

It’s unclear if someone who is already an early riser would benefit from getting up a bit earlier. But for night owls, the latest research suggests that shifting to a slightly earlier bedtime could lower depression risk.

Based on getting eight hours of sleep per night, the latest “early to bed, early to rise” advice for night owls might mean going to bed at 2:00 am instead of 3:00 am, and getting up at 10 am, instead of 11 am. This shift to being a slightly “earlier riser” means you’ll experience more daylight during your waking hours.

“Keep your days bright and your nights dark,” Vetter recommends. “Have your morning coffee on the porch (门廊). Walk or ride your bike to work if you can, and dim those electronics (电器) in the evening.”

1. What’s the function of paragraph 1?

A．To lead in a new finding.	B．To offer advice to readers.
C．To state the result of a study.	D．To introduce a popular word.

2. Why can getting up one-hour earlier help reduce the risk of depression?

A．It allows people to get the sun more.	B．It reduces people’s risk of being burnt.
C．It enables people to have a better sleep.	D．It gives people more time to get around.

3. What does the underlined word “dim” in the last paragraph probably mean?

A．Make something obvious.	B．Make something far better.
C．Make something less bright.	D．Make something convenient.

4. What can be the best title for the text?

A．Shifting to a slightly earlier bedtime is really easy?

B．Being a night owl increases your risk of depression?

C．Increasing sleeping time can lower depression risk?

D．“Early to bed and early to rise” makes work more effective?