1 . When I was a kid, my parents encouraged me to help those who were ________ (lacking one pr more of the physical or mental abilities that most people have). （根据英文提示单词拼写）

2 . Studies on the importance of sleep for health and the various effects of not having enough sleep have long been well-known. Being short of sleep can lead to poor memory and daytime sleepiness. It’s also been connected to diseases and weakens immune(免疫的)function. However, more than three-quarters of us fall asleep after 11pm and nearly a third stay up until 1am.

The concept(概念)of sleep procrastination was introduced in a 2014 study by Utrecht University in The Netherlands, which explained that it meant “failing to go to bed at the intended time, while nothing prevents a person from doing so”. If so, it will bring terrible results.

Studies have shown that “bedtime procrastination” is connected with a person’s working life during the day. “They feel out of control in their day life and the night is when they can be free,” says Dr Saliha Afridi. “It is full of things they ‘have to do’ rather than what they ‘want to do’. ” Studies have also found that increased working hours and the reduced leisure time may cause much stress and sleep procrastination. On occasion, people have trouble with feelings, concern and loneliness, so they were controlled by using social media, making them stay up late.

So how to avoid it? People should avoid thinking too much before bedtime and stay away from digital devices. Besides, taking a warm shower before bed and going to bed at the intended time are also important.

1. What’s the effect of not having enough sleep?

A．Increasing the risk of injuries.	B．Suffering from much stress.
C．Feeling sleepy in the daytime.	D．Losing the previous memory.

2. What does the underlined phrase “sleep procrastination” in paragraph 2 probably mean?

A．Staying up.

B．Keeping awake.

C．Getting up late.

D．Falling asleep.

3. What may cause unhealthy bedtime?

A．A variety of hobbies.	B．Boring social activities.
C．Addiction to digital devices.	D．Working too many hours.

4. What is the author’s suggestion?

A．Form a good sleep habit.	B．Take regular exercise.
C．Listen to some soft music.	D．Surf the Internet less.

3 . Dry eye—a condition that occurs when your eyes don't produce enough tears, the tears don't work correctly or they evaporate (蒸发) too quickly—is much more than a bother. “The burning can feel like sand is in your eyes, and this can cause eye tiredness, light insensitivity, and blurry vision," says Angela Bevels, a doctor in Tucson, Arizona.

Nearly 16 million Americans may have dry eye, according to the National Eye Institute. Anyone can develop the problem, but it's more common in women and people over 50.

Sometimes dry eye is a temporary condition caused by a variety of irritants (刺激物). But it can be constant, too, when caused by immune system diseases. Skin issues on or around the eyelids and diseases of the glands (腺) in the eyelids are also common contributors. People who wear contact lenses (隐形眼镜) or have had eye surgeries are also at a higher risk.

Some lifestyle changes can minimize the discomfort. First, take frequent breaks from staring at computer and phone screens, which may cause tears to work overtime, according to Aditya

Kanesa-thasan, MD, an eye doctor at the Wills Eye Hospital in Philadelphia.

Turn off fans or other direct air to your face, as this can increase the evaporative loss of tears as well, he says. Eight to ten glasses of water every day can also play a role in keeping your eyes lubricated (润滑的).

Over-the-counter eye drops can help ease symptoms. But when these solutions don't provide relief or you find you're using drops more than six times a day, it's time to see an eye doctor for treatments.

1. What do we know about dry eye according to passage?

A．It is a temporary condition.

B．It is caused by eye weakness.

C．It will make you unable to sense light.

D．It may be caused by immune system diseases.

2. Which group of people are more likely to have dry eye?

A．People under 50.	B．People with skin issues.
C．People wearing glasses.	D．People having done eye surgeries.

3. What should people with dry eye do?

A．Use eye drops more often.	B．Avoid using phones or computers.
C．Drink enough water every day.	D．Go to the doctor for eye surgeries.

4. What's the best title for the passage?

A．Coping with Dry Eye	B．Tips for Eye Health
C．Caring for Your eyes	D．Causes of Dry Eye

4 . How to get energetic after working hours

After a long workday, all you want to do is go home, sit on the couch and turn on the TV. So you’ve planned to go to the gym after work? “I’ll go tomorrow, I promise.”     1     Here are some tips for getting yourself to hit the gym after a tiresome workday, offered by Women’s Health magazine:

    2    

Why not change the “Keep calm and carry on” poster to some inspirational shape-up-messages around your workplace? If you think “No pains, no gains” is too ordinary, how about “And though she may be but little, she is fierce.”? When your colleagues ask about it, tell them the quote is from Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream.

Eat breakfast.

Even though it’s hours before your trip to the gym, having a balanced breakfast will keep you energized throughout the rest of the day.    3    

Eat a little lunch.

No matter what you’re eating, if you have too much of it, your blood sugar is going to rise rapidly and then drop back down.     4     Try to avoid foods with refined carbohydrates or lots of sugar. Keeping your blood sugar steady will stabilize your energy, help you get more done, and feel awake enough to make it to the gym.

Set the goal really low.

    5    And once you’re at the gym, you might think: “Well, I could probably stay just a little longer.” Also remember, some HIIT (high intensity interval training) workouts are short but very effective. Just search for HIIT workouts online and you can find loads to teach yourself.

A．Take advantage of tech.

B．This will leave you sleepy and unproductive.

C．But of course, tomorrow will be exactly the same.

D．This will guarantee that you won’t “forget” to go to workout.

E．Decorate your office space with motivational photos or slogans.

F．Try to include eggs, fruits and whole grain bread in your breakfast.

G．If you make your goal really easy, you won’t feel too reluctant (勉强的) to achieve it.

5 . This is the season for holiday travel! As one of the busiest times of the year approaches, many of us are preparing for a vacation with our families and friends.    1    Not to mention, there's often lots of indulging (放纵) between now and New Year's and the last thing any of us wants is to pack on extra weight.    2    

1. Walk everywhere.

Instead of taking buses, try to walk whenever possible. This is one of my favorite things to do when traveling, even if I'm going somewhere familiar.    3    And you're fitting in extra exercise as a bonus. To give yourself an extra boost (促进), always take the stairs instead of the elevator. And don't get on those moving sidewalks in the airport!

2. Find a local hike.

For bonus points:    4    Do a bit of research to find a scenic spot for the whole family to enjoy. Not only will you boost your bum, but a change of scenery is also a great way to bond with your loved ones and experience something new.

3.     5    

Plenty of people just head home for the holidays, but if you're going somewhere new and exciting this year do not overlook running routes as a fun way to see the sights. Nothing spices up (添趣) a run or brisk walk quite like a beautiful view. This is a great way to explore the area on foot while getting your body moving and breaking a sweat.

A．Start running!

B．Don't just walk, hike!

C．Sightsee while on a run.

D．It's a good time to go on a diet.

E．Though this is something to look forward to, it can also be stressful.

F．It's amazing what you can discover by walking around your hometown.

G．Here are some tips for staying fit while you're on the go this holiday season.

6 . Summer Camps for Kids

PGL Surrey

Suitable for: 7-17 years; 7 nights from ￡469

PGL or Parents Get Lost is the big daddy of summer camps. Most popular is the seven-day multi-activity camp, a mix of dance, photography and more. It has three, four, and seven-night camps, including a first-timer week for new campers.

The Outward Bound Trust

Suitable for: 11-19 years; prices go from one week ￡599 courses to 19-day adventures at ￡1, 749

As well as the activity weeks you' d expect from a summer camp, it also offers 19-day journeys, through some of the most beautiful natural scenery(景色)in the UK. You will spend every day camping out scene underneath the stars, on a once-in-a-lifetime journey through either Wales, Scotland or the Lake Districts

Mill on the Brue

Suitable for: 8-15 years; ￡630 a week

This outdoor activity centre is perfect for the active adventurer. Family-run for nearly 40 years, the summer camp focuses on team building and problem-solving with children encouraged to work together to build rafts(木筏), cross the river and complete the assault course(障碍场).

First Hand Experiences

Suitable for: 7-14 years; ￡439 for 6 nights, ￡220 for 3 nights

Connecting with nature by growing, cooking and sharing food is at the heart of this camp. It also offers woodland arts, countryside experience as well as lots of outdoor fun and games. Kids will water, pick and cook vegetables from the forest garden, and there’re lots of new experiences like cooking sweet potatoes on the campfire.

1. What do we know about The Outward Bound Trust?

A．It is an art camp.	B．It lasts for five days.
C．It is for kids aged 11-19.	D． It offers boat-building courses.

2. How much should you pay to attend Mill on the Brue?

A．￡439

B．￡469.

C．￡599.

D．￡630

3. Which of the following allows kids to grow their own food?

A．PGL Surrey.

B．Mill on the Brue.

C．First Hand Experiences.

D．The Outward Bound Trust.

7 . Apples, oranges and other fruit should be kept in the fridge to last long, new supermarket labels (标签) will say, in a move which could tell the end of the traditional fruit bowl. The labels will form part of the government-backed guidance to help customers bring down the amount of food they throw by changing advice on packs of supermarket food.

Under the plan supermarkets will introduce a new “Little Blue Fridge” sign for food which should be kept chilled (冷藏), or benefit from being kept in the fridge to prevent it going off. The sign will appear on much food which is not usually kept in the fridge. For example, the Waste and Resources Action Programme (WRAP) pointed out that apples, oranges and pear, which are usually kept in a fruit bowl, should in fact be stored in the fridge.

Dr. Andrew Parry, a Special Advisor at WRAP, said, “Most fresh fruit and vegetables will keep fresher for longer if kept in their packaging and in the fridge. Generally a good way to manage fruit at home is to take out enough into the fruit bowl-if you prefer it at room temperature, but use your fridge as cold storage for the rest. This will give you more time to enjoy your food, and help cut down on waste.”

Environment Minister Therese Coffey said, “We know that confusing labels can lead to food waste by suggesting that esculent items need to be thrown away sooner. This new guidance will make packaging much clearer for customers, saving them money and cutting waste. I encourage all food businesses, large and small, to use this guidance to help them put the right date mark on food and help to guide people on the freezing products, which are key to cutting down on the amount of eatable food thrown away.”

Heather Hancock, Chairman of the Food Standards Agency, said, “I think this clear guidance can help deal with food waste, without damaging the safety of food. It will help businesses supply food that is properly described and stored, and safely provided to consumers.”

1. Which is in line with the goal of the government-backed guidance?

A．Encouraging business.	B．Lowering goods prices.
C．Cutting down on waste.	D．Improving product quality.

2. What's the meaning of the underlined word “esculent” in paragraph 4?

A．Eatable.

B．Bad.

C．Fresh.

D．Packaged.

3. What's Heather Hancock's attitude towards the government-backed guidance?

A．Doubtful.

B．Tolerant.

C．Positive.

D．Disappointed.

4. Which can be the best title for the text?

A．The Clearer Label Plan to Reduce Food Waste.

B．The Disadvantages of Confusing Labels on the Food.

C．The New Ways to Keep Fruit and Vegetables Fresh.

D．The End of the Traditional Fruit Bowl.

8 . If knowledge is power, then books are fuel and libraries are power stations! Here are four amazing libraries that can get you positively charged.

New York Public Library—New York

Opened in 1911, New York Public Library was the largest marble building in the world. Over the years the library has a collection of 53 million items, including rare first edition books, 300 million pages of historical newspapers and around 40 ,000 restaurant menus dating back to 1850!

Chetham's Library— Manchester

Founded in 1653, Chetham's Library is a free public library with the longest history in the UK. The building itself is even older —built in 1421, it's one of the most well—protected medieval buildings in England!

With 100 ,000 + books lining the shelves, the special atmosphere of the library attracts students and scholars alike to attend guided tours offered throughout the year.

The Library of Congress Washington, D. C.

Located on Capitol Hill, the Library of Congress is considered the national library of the US and the second largest library in the world. The library has around 168 million items, adding 10 ,000 to this number every day.

Need to catch up on the news? The Library of Congress, which was founded in 1800, holds the world’s largest newspaper collection, with some dating back as far as 1659!

The British Library—London

The British Library was founded in 1973. With around 170 million items spread across 750 km of shelving, it's the largest library in the world. And this number is continually growing and 8 km of shelving has to be added every year! This is partly because the British Library must receive a copy of every publication produced in the UK and Ireland, by law.

1. Where can you visit the oldest library?

A．In New York.	B．In London.
C．In Manchester.	D．In Washington, D. C.

2. What makes the Library of Congress special?

A．Its large area.

B．Its various functions.

C．Its building materials.

D．Its newspaper collection.

3. Which of the following helps enlarge the collection of the British Library?

A．The legal rule.	B．The public's help.
C．The printing skills.	D．The librarians' efforts.

9 . Paper is one of the most important products ever invented by man. Wide spread use of written language would not have been possible without some cheap and practical material to write on. The invention of paper meant that more people could be educated because more books could be printed and distributed. Together with the printing press, paper provided an extremely important way to communicate knowledge.

How much paper do you use every year? Probably you cannot answer that question quickly. In 1900 the world's use of paper was about one kilogram for each person a year. Now some countries use as much as 50 kilograms of paper for each person a year. Countries like the United States, England and Sweden use more paper than other countries.

Paper, like many other things that we use today, was first made in China. In Egypt and the West, paper was not very commonly used before the year 1400. The Egyptians wrote on a kind of material made of a water plant. Europeans used parchment for many hundreds of years. Parchment was very strong; it was made from the skin of certain young animals. We have learnt of the most important facts of European history from records that were kept on parchment.

1. What's the meaning for the word 'parchment'? ________

A．The skin of young animals.

B．A kind of paper made from the skin of certain young animals.

C．The paper used by European countries.

D．The paper of Egypt.

2. Which of the following is not mentioned about the invention of paper? ________

A．More jobs could be provided than before.

B．More people could be educated than before.

C．More books could be printed and distributed.

D．More ways could be used to exchange knowledge.

3. When did the Egyptians begin to use paper widely? ________

A．Around 1400.

B．Around 1900.

C．Around 400.

D．Around 900.

4. Which of the following countries uses more paper for each person a year? ________

A．China.

B．Sweden.

C．Egypt

D．Japan.

10 . Shopping in Paris, France

Every visitor to Paris goes shopping. Street markets, elegant passages, beautiful department stores, bookstalls along the Seine, fine museum shops―Paris is the perfect place for shoppers.

Covered Passages

You can combine shopping and sightseeing by visiting some of the beautiful covered passages of Paris. These 19th-century glass-roofed arcades (商场) were wildly popular for a while. Today about 20 remain, offering a variety of shops and restaurants, as well as interesting architecture and design.

Markets

Paris is best known for its wonderful markets. Open air markets, covered markets and market streets all offer fresh delicious food. They’re great fun and worth visiting, even if you’re not planning on cooking.

Flower Market

The Marche aux Fleurs (Flower Market) is just upstairs from the Cite station. Come any day of the week to enjoy the flowers, whether you buy or not. On Sunday, the flower market becomes a pet market.

Designer Shops

All of the great French fashion houses have shops in Paris, of course, and the great department stores sell all sorts of good French stuff. If you want to see a street full of top design, stroll down Avenue Montaigne.

Flea Market

For a real shopping adventure, take the Metro to Porte de Clignancourt station on Saturday, Sunday, or Monday from 9:00 am to 8:00 pm for an adventure in the vast Marche aux Puces de Saint-Ouen, also known as the Clignancourt Flea Market, with several thousand stalls, shops, and vendors selling everything from used blue jeans to paintings and furniture.

Museum Shops

Most of Paris’ great museums have museum shops selling art, books and souvenirs of high quality at very reasonable prices.

1. What can the visitors learn about when visiting covered passages?

A．The history of life.

B．The style of buildings.

C．The benefit of travelling.

D．The development of cities.

2. When should you go to Flower Market to buy a cat?

A．On Monday.

B．On Friday.

C．On Saturday.

D．On Sunday.

3. As a more adventurous visitor, you will go to ________.

A．Designer Shops

B．Flea Market

C．Covered Passages

D．Museum Shops