Dry eye—a condition that occurs when your eyes don't produce enough tears, the tears don't work correctly or they evaporate (蒸发) too quickly—is much more than a bother. “The burning can feel like sand is in your eyes, and this can cause eye tiredness, light insensitivity, and blurry vision," says Angela Bevels, a doctor in Tucson, Arizona.
Nearly 16 million Americans may have dry eye, according to the National Eye Institute. Anyone can develop the problem, but it's more common in women and people over 50.
Sometimes dry eye is a temporary condition caused by a variety of irritants (刺激物). But it can be constant, too, when caused by immune system diseases. Skin issues on or around the eyelids and diseases of the glands (腺) in the eyelids are also common contributors. People who wear contact lenses (隐形眼镜) or have had eye surgeries are also at a higher risk.
Some lifestyle changes can minimize the discomfort. First, take frequent breaks from staring at computer and phone screens, which may cause tears to work overtime, according to Aditya
Kanesa-thasan, MD, an eye doctor at the Wills Eye Hospital in Philadelphia.
Turn off fans or other direct air to your face, as this can increase the evaporative loss of tears as well, he says. Eight to ten glasses of water every day can also play a role in keeping your eyes lubricated (润滑的).
Over-the-counter eye drops can help ease symptoms. But when these solutions don't provide relief or you find you're using drops more than six times a day, it's time to see an eye doctor for treatments.
1. What do we know about dry eye according to passage?| A．It is a temporary condition. |
| B．It is caused by eye weakness. |
| C．It will make you unable to sense light. |
| D．It may be caused by immune system diseases. |
| A．People under 50. | B．People with skin issues. |
| C．People wearing glasses. | D．People having done eye surgeries. |
| A．Use eye drops more often. | B．Avoid using phones or computers. |
| C．Drink enough water every day. | D．Go to the doctor for eye surgeries. |
| A．Coping with Dry Eye | B．Tips for Eye Health |
| C．Caring for Your eyes | D．Causes of Dry Eye |
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【推荐1】Women facing breast cancer (乳腺癌) report that their cats rank among the most important supporters, alongside parents and siblings (兄弟姐妹) they rely on to help them through their treatment.
Fish, a breast cancer survivor, relied on the companionship of her two cats, Phoebe and Jack, during her treatments. “They were the perfect companions when I needed them most,” Fish says. “They gave silent strength.” Fish is far from the only breast cancer survivor to show the power of her cat. A recent Purina Cat Chow national survey of breast cancer survivors with cats points out this important relationship.
Dr. Karen Sueda, at the American College of Veterinary Behaviorists, says, “Whether pet owners are fighting diseases such as breast cancer or going through a rough period in life such as job loss or some stress, their cats often display intuitive (直觉的) behavior of knowing when they need extra support.”
Hearing countless stories from breast cancer patients and survivors of how they have been emotionally supported by their cats, Purina Cat Chow honors this exceptional relationship and is doing its part to help the fight against breast cancer. This year, in a partnership with Susan G. Komen for the Cure, Purina Cat Chow will donate more than $200,000 to the cause and invites consumers to help us raise awareness of breast cancer.
Susan G. Komen for the Cure is the world’s largest network of breast cancer survivors and activists fighting to find the cures. The organization has invested (投资) $1.3 billion in ending breast cancer, becoming the world’s largest source of non-profit funds (资金) devoted to the fight against breast cancer.
1. To many women with breast cancer, cats can _______.| A．bring strength and support to them. |
| B．teach them how to relax |
| C．know about what they think about. |
| D．help the patients to be optimistic |
| A．often collects cancer patients’ information |
| B．hopes to find more breast cancer patients |
| C．will help spread the knowledge about breast cancer |
| D．aims to find the best treatment for breast cancer |
| A．Unconcerned. | B．Supportive. | C．Doubtful. | D．Surprised. |
【推荐2】Christian Eijkman, a Dutch doctor, left the Netherlands for the island of Java. Many people on the island had a disease called beri-beri. He was going there to try and find a cure.
At first, Eijkman thought some kind of germ (细菌) caused beri-beri. He raised some chickens. He didn’t eat them, but made experiments on them. The local people were quite surprised at that. One day he noticed that his chickens became sick when they were fed the food most Javanese ate — refined white rice (精炼米). When he fed them with unrefined rice, also known as brown rice, they recovered. Eijkman realized that he had made an important discovery — that some things in food could prevent disease. These things were named vitamins (维生素). The Javanese were not getting enough vitamins because they had actually removed the part that contains vitamins. Later, other diseases were also found to be caused by the lack of vitamins in a person’s food.
Today many people know the importance of vitamins and they make sure they have enough vitamins from the food they eat. If they don’t, they can also take vitamin pills.
1. The underlined word “cure” in Paragraph 1 probably means ______.| A．a medical treatment | B．a kind of vitamin |
| C．a kind of germ | D．a kind of rice |
| A．eat more rice | B．eat more meat |
| C．eat some chicken | D．eat vitamin pills |
| A．beri-beri was caused by chickens |
| B．the Javanese didn’t like vitamins |
| C．Christian Eijkman’s experiment was successful |
| D．the Javanese’s disease was caused by a kind of germ |
| A．To eat them. |
| B．To give the Javanese a surprise. |
| C．To carry out his experiments. |
| D．To make money by selling them. |
【推荐3】Living an Adventurous Life
Nearly ten years ago, I was told that I had a brain tumor, and this experience changed my attitude about adventure forever. I thought that I was going to die and that all my adventures were over. I did not have a brain tumor, it turned out, but rather multiple sclerosis, which meant that, although they were not over, the nature of my adventures could have to change.
Each morning that I wake up is a fresh event, something that I might not have had. Each gesture that I make carries the weight of uncertainty and demands significant attention: buttoning my shirt, changing a light bulb, walking down stairs. I might not be able to do it this time. If I could not delight in them, they would likely drown me in anger and in self-pity.
I admire the grand adventures of others. I read about them with interest. With Peter Matthiessen I have hiked across the Himalayas to the Crystal Mountain. I have walked with Annie Dillard up, down, into, and across Tinker Creek in all Seasons. David Bain has gone with me along 110 miles of Philippine coast, and Ed Abbey has rowed me down the Colorado River. I enjoy the adventures of these courageous figures, who can strike out on difficult trips—2 miles, 250 miles, 3000 miles—ready to bear cold and tiredness—indeed not just to bear but to celebrate.
But as for me, I can no longer walk very far from the armchair in which I read. Some days I don't even make it to the backyard. And yet I'm unwilling to give up the adventurous life, the difficulty of it, even the pain, the anxiety and fear, and the sudden brief lift of spirit that makes a hard journey more attractive.
I refine adventure, make it smaller and smaller. And now, whether I am moving on my hands and knees across the dining room to help my cat, lying wide-eyed in the dark battling another period of sadness, gathering flowers from the garden, meeting a friend for lunch, I am always having the adventures that are mine to have.
1. What happens to the author after her illness?
| A．She has a fear of medical treatments. | B．She travels to places she has dreamed. |
| C．She can't take care of herself any longer | D．She is not drowned in anger and self-pity. |
| A．Because they write popular novels. | B．Because they are great adventurers. |
| C．Because they are famous geographers. | D．Because they struggle with hardship in life |
| A．sadness | B．sacrifice | C．security | D．satisfaction |
| A．The struggles of great people against difficulties. |
| B．Her concern about giving up certain activities. |
| C．Her adapting to the situation with an illness. |
| D．The exciting traveling experience of others. |
| A．Travel can enrich a person's life. |
| B．Reading is an activity that a patient enjoys most. |
| C．A positive attitude can improve a difficult situation. |
| D．A person's ability can be improved through reading. |
【推荐1】Colors can affect (影响) our feelings. Blue is a calm (冷静的) color. If you are feeling nervous (紧张), you can wear blue clothes or stay in a blue room. Blue is also the color of sadness. When someone says he’s feeling blue, he means he is sad.
White can also make you feel calm. So you can wear white too if you are nervous. And white often means a new beginning.
Green is the color of nature. It can give us more energy when we are feeling tired.
Some colors can make you feel warm. In cold areas, people usually use warm colors in their homes, like orange and yellow. Yellow is also the color of wisdom. Some people prefer this color when they study for exams. For example, they may use yellow school things.
Red is one of the strong colors. It often makes us feel active. But this color can also mean danger. So it is often used in stop signs (停车标志) and lights.
1. Which may be NOT good for you if you are nervous?| A．Wear white clothes. | B．Wear blue clothes. |
| C．Stay in a red room. | D．Stay in a blue room. |
| A．I like blue. | B．I’m feeling white. |
| C．I like white. | D．I’m feeling blue. |
| A．Yellow and blue. | B．Yellow and orange. |
| C．White and green. | D．Blue and white. |
| A．智慧 | B．消极 | C．愉快 | D．正义 |
| A．White can make us feel tired. | B．Red is often used in stop signs. |
| C．Orange can mean danger sometimes. | D．Green symbolizes a new beginning. |
【推荐2】Often travel by air? What do you think of the services on the plane? Here are some of the top most comfortable and luxurious (奢华的) airports in the world.
Singapore Changi Airport (SIN)
This airport has won the title of the world’s best airport for the 6th year in a row! The airport is world famous for its beautiful architecture, indoor waterfalls, and butterfly garden. Free 24-hour movie theatre and a swimming pool are some of what makes Changi Airport the best luxurious spa. Open air restaurants and free tours around the airport make your stopover/ stop fun.
Seoul Incheon International Airport (ICN)
Seoul’s Incheon is always appealing and is one of the busiest airports in the world. Located on an island in South Korea, Incheon Airport has a Korean culture museum and features (以……为特色) cultural performances throughout the day. Spacious VIP lounges (休息室), indoor skating rink and beautiful spas, authentic, local cuisine options.
Tokyo Haneda International Airport (HND)
One of the two major airports of Tokyo, Japan, Haneda is only a few miles from Japan’s capital. While being one of the busiest airports in the world, Haneda is of the cleanest and most efficient. Cross the Haneda Bridge to feel like you’re in Edo. Visit the “Aviation Shrine” for spiritual healing (治疗) and praying if you have time!
Hong Kong International Airport (HKG)
Home to Cathay Pacific Airlines-a top-rated airline. Fast connections from the city via Airport Express that takes you to the airport in just 24 minutes! First-class lounges, nap rooms, and an IMAX theatre, HKG even has its own top-rated hotel called the Regal Airport Hotel.
1. What can we know about SIN?| A．It is famous for Aviation Shrine. |
| B．It is the busiest airport in the world. |
| C．It has been titled the world’s best airport for 6 years. |
| D．It is a perfect place for enjoying cultural performances. |
| A．Skate and swim. | B．Enjoy local food. |
| C．Watch an IMAX film. | D．Appreciate its butterfly gardon. |
| A．Its lounge. | B．Its movie theatre. |
| C．Its own hotel. | D．Its spa. |
【推荐3】Lonely? You’re hardly alone. That’s the finding of a new study. And that appears throughout industrial nations across the globe. The study linked rising loneliness to a greater use of smartphones and the internet over the same years.
Jean Twenge, a psychologist, took part in the study. Her team has found that since 2012, US teens have been spending less time together face-to-face.
“Smartphones can help keep us connected with friends,” says Twenge. “But they can also make people feel excluded (隔离).” Girls, especially, may feel this way. One reason may be that they like to post more photos and selfies (自拍) than boys. Studies have shown that if those images don’t get a lot of “likes”, it can affect a teen’s mental health.
And there’s “phubbing” a mixture of “phone” and “snubbing (冷落)”. It’s that moment in which a friend or family member takes out a phone and keeps looking at it, paying no attention to everybody else, including you. Phubbing is one way technology can affect you, even when you’re not the one using it.
The new study pulled its data from a survey. Some 1 million 15- and 16-year-old students from 37 countries took this survey in 2000, 2003, 2012, 2015 and 2018. Its questions mostly dealt with education. But they also included six statements about loneliness, such as “I feel awkward and out of place in my school”. Students could strongly disagree, disagree, agree or strongly agree with each statement.
If technology causes loneliness, should we stop using it? “No, not at all,” argues Twenge. “Everybody of all ages is trying to figure out how we can best use these technologies and stay mentally healthy.” Her advice is to “use your smartphone for what it’s good for. Then put it away.” That includes putting it away overnight—ideally in another room.
1. How do girls differ from boys in smartphone use in the study?| A．They need it to stay in style. |
| B．They depend on it to keep in touch. |
| C．They use it as a learning tool. |
| D．They like to post more pictures with it. |
| A．To show the harm of the smartphone. |
| B．To give an example of communication. |
| C．To introduce an embarrassing situation. |
| D．To present a scene with the smartphone. |
| A．Doubtful. | B．Supportive. |
| C．Uninterested | D．Worried |
| A．The Smartphone—the Focus of a Study |
| B．The Smartphone—a Communication Tool |
| C．The Smartphone—a Friend of Teenagers |
| D．The Smartphone—a Source of Loneliness |
