1 . Distance running, it turns out, is where humans overweigh compared with other species, even if our two-leggedness makes us about half as fast as other mammals of similar size, on average. So what is it about our bodies and our physiology (生理学) that allows us to undertake such long and tough runs?
“Our ancestors developed adaptations for running literally from toe to head,” said Lieberman, a human evolutionary biologist at Harvard University. “There’s no part of our body that running doesn’t touch.”
According to Lieberman, our toes are short so they don’t break while running. And in general, our lower body has larger joints, tendons and muscles than our upper body does to absorb the forces we generate at speed. Strong muscles in our rears (臀部) keep our upper body from falling forward, and our swinging arms stabilize our heads.
But perhaps the biggest adaptations that set humans apart deal with our ability to release heat. Our tall, upright bodies create a lot of surface area for cooling, and the ability to breathe from both the nose and mouth helps dump heat as well.
Humans are also one of the only species with the ability to sweat, and without thick fur, our sweat can easily evaporate (蒸发) from our skin, cooling us down. All of these adaptations led humans to adopt what's known as persistence hunting long before the invention of early weapons. Rather than chasing down prey, hunters likely followed their prey for miles until the animal was exhausted. Other animals do this too, but none can persistently hunt during the day or in hot climates.
“Hunting gave humans access to more energy, which made our brains grow larger. In turn, our brains have co-evolved alongside, and fed into our ability to run and hunt,” said Missy Thompson, a biologist at Fort Lew is College.
1. Why are humans better at distance running than other species?A.Our two-legged structures. | B.Our adaptations for running. |
C.Our psychology of living. | D.Our desire for challenges. |
A.They help keep a steady pace. | B.They assist in breathing efficiently. |
C.They provide strength for the legs. | D.They maintain the upper body stable. |
A.Cooling human body temperature. | B.Improving the human ability to breathe. |
C.Chasing down prey quickly and accurately. | D.Exhausting animal body energy persistently. |
A.Hunting helps with running training. |
B.Hunting benefits the brain development. |
C.Hunting is closely linked to human evolution. |
D.Hunting and brain development are mutually reinforcing. |
2 . Santa Rosa National Park is the first national park designated in Costa Rica. It was created not to preserve land but to save a building, La Casona, which was once destroyed by fire, but has been rebuilt to its original likeness.
BiodiversityIn addition to La Casona, Santa Rosa National Park protects a multitude of ecosystems including marshlands and mangroves. Many endangered animals also live here, with over 100 mammals and 250 birds recorded within the park.
HighlightsPlaya Nancite is the most popular beach for sea turtle. Entry to the beach is restricted for protection, but entry can be obtained from park headquarters.
Ranger StationsThere are two different sectors within Santa Rosa National Park. The Santa Rosa Sector is frequently visited for its notable attractions including access to La Casona. The other sector, Murcielago is not accessible via the Santa Rosa Sector.
HikingThere are several different hiking trails within the park. We recommend bringing closed-toed hiking shoes, a hat, sunscreen, bug spray and water.
We highly recommend exploring Santa Rosa National Park led by an expert naturalist guide. The park entrance fee is $15 per adult and $5 per child age 6 — 12. The park is open from 8:00 am to 3:30 pm every day.
For more information, browse our vacation packages to get started planning your trip!
1. Why was the Santa Rosa National Park created?A.To protect the ecosystem in Costa Rica. | B.To celebrate the reconstruction of Costa Rica. |
C.To rescue a structure in Costa Rica. | D.To preserve the land in Costa Rica. |
A.It is easily accessible. | B.It consists of two different sectors. |
C.It provides guide service. | D.It limits tourist numbers. |
A.$15. | B.$30. | C.$35. | D.$45. |
Following Zibo and Harbin, Tianshui in northwest China’s Gansu Province is sweeping social media with
According to the China news agency, one restaurant owner in Tianshui noted that he has been serving at least 400 customers a day as people from other provinces are driving to the city to have
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However, how to use temporary Internet and craze to promote the long-term
4 . Self Love
Our failure to love ourselves is that we have been taught to be selfless from the start of time. Self-love is not selfish. It only helps us better understand which sacrifices are worth making! Let’s explore the key elements that contribute to it.
Self-Acceptance
You have to truly accept who you are. And by acceptance, I do not mean just your strengths, you have to recognize your weaknesses, too.
It is a good thing to be compassionate about your environment but in the process, don’t forget to be compassionate with yourself, too. Forgive yourself for the mistakes that you make, the goals that you fail, or whenever you face a setback. Treat yourself with the same level of empathy you would offer to someone you love the most.
Self-Care
Has anyone of us ever asked ourselves who we should be caring for the most in the world? Our parents? Family? Friends? Relations? I will tell you a simple answer. Ourselves! The expectation of waiting for someone else to care for you is delusional (妄想的).
Boundaries
You have to love and respect yourself enough not to let people use and abuse you.
Emotional Availability
When you have the capacity to take care of your own emotions, you become emotionally stable. This stability allows you to better empathize (同理心) with and understand your partner’s experiences and emotions.
A.Self-Esteem |
B.Self-Compassion |
C.You have to set limitations and keep them. |
D.Due to this, you can offer them genuine care and support. |
E.Self-love is crucial for resolving conflicts in relationships. |
F.Only you can care for yourself the most in a way nobody else can. |
G.Your imperfections, insecurities and perfections shape your personality. |
5 . Though March remains cold, the return of the bright and gently warming sun wakes winter-sleeping plants and seeds from their sleep. Today, I’m out here to sow seeds for the summer garden: tomatoes, peas, cucumbers. All of these plants are easy to grow, pretty and tasty.
Initially, I plant the little tomato seeds into rows in a single seed plate, each variety divided by a sideways stick and labelled. Then I cover a fine layer of soil over them and put the tray in a basin of water to make the compost(堆肥) wet.
For tomatoes, it is not yet warm enough for reliable growing outdoors. In the main, a warm home is a good place to get seeds going, as they don’t necessarily need a great deal of light at this stage. In a few weeks, when their two young leaves have come out, I will gently dig them out. Softly pick up one of their delicate leaves between finger and thumb, I’ll slip a pencil below their young roots to carefully dig the plant from its birthplace.
I’ll then place the seedling in a, pot to grow, big, and strong, and begin to feed, the plants with a liquid from brewed(发酵) chicken waste. These tomatoes, being tender, will stay in my house until early May then settle into their forever home in the unheated greenhouse.
Despite there now being enough light for tender plants to grow outside, it is still too cold for them. A sunny balcony, warm glasshouse or passageway will do them well until the frosts pass, and day and night temperatures consistently reach 8—10℃.
Learning to be guided by cues from the wild can deepen our relationship with the living world, allowing us to experience ourselves as part of rather than separate from the rhythms of life on Earth.
1. What’s the first step of planting tomatoes?A.Sowing the little tomato seeds. | B.Putting the tray in a basin of water. |
C.Covering a fine layer of soil over them. | D.Placing tomato seeds to a warm home. |
A.Temperature. | B.Light. | C.Liquid. | D.Time. |
A.Generous. | B.Considerate. | C.Tolerant. | D.Impractical. |
A.Joys of Life: Live Our Life to the Fullest |
B.Joys of Life: Tips for Our Relationship with the World |
C.Joys of Spring: Winter-sleeping Plants Wake Up |
D.Joys of Spring: Gardening Tips for the Growing Season |
6 . Four Amazing Animal Stories
Raven Winter
By Susanna Bailey
Billie is struggling with problems at home when she discovers an injured young bird and begins nursing it back to health. Soon, she finds new friendship and hope. Set in England’s snowy Yorkshire Dales, this is a heartfelt story about the special connect ion between a girl and a bird.
The Lost Whale
By Hannah Gold
Hannah Gold, who won the Blue Peter Book Award for Best Story for her first book The Last Bear, returns with another wonderful animal adventure. When lonely Rio is sent to stay with his grandmother, he soon finds himself searching for a missing whale.
Meg and Merlin: Making Friends
By Tanya Landman
Meg loves horses but she knows her parents can’t afford a horse—in fact, they can’t even afford to pay for her weekly riding lesson. Then, on her 10th birthday, Meg finds a horse in her front garden! Have her wishes come true? The first in a series, this short book will especially delight readers who love horses.
The Adventure Club: Tiger in Trouble
By Jess Butterworth
The Adventure Club loves exploring animals and adventure. In this story, Tilly and her friends set out to India to help at a wildlife reserve. There, they encounter antelopes, crocodiles and elephants—but what has become of the tiger? Written as if it is Tilly’s diary, this is perfect for younger readers.
1. What do we know about The Lost Whale?A.It wins a book award. | B.It is about an animal adventure. |
C.It is set in England’s Yorkshire Dales. | D.It tells a story between Rio and his grandmother. |
A.Raven Winter. | B.The Lost Whale. |
C.Meg and Merlin: Making Friends. | D.The Adventure Club: Tiger in Trouble. |
A.They are all diaries. |
B.They all center on girls. |
C.They all inspire readers to protect environment. |
D.They all are about animal and human connection. |
A.Golden. | B.Light blue. | C.Black. |
1. What can students do tomorrow as usual?
A.Do their employment program |
B.Take the first three classes. |
C.Have a test in the gym. |
A.English. | B.Spanish | C.French. |
A.On June 12th. | B.On June 14th | C.On June 16th. |
A.Mr. Jones. | B.Mr. Brown | C.Mrs. Smith. |
1. When will the man probably go back to work?
A.This morning. | B.Next week. | C.In one month. |
A.An arm. | B.A leg. | C.An eye. |
A.The man’s doctor. | B.The man’s boss. | C.The man’s wife. |
A.To the mountains. | B.To the seaside. | C.To the woods. |
A.In the garden. | B.In the living room. | C.In the kitchen. |