1. 参加人员；
2. 活动过程；
3. 活动感想。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Community Service Activity
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2 . Ghanim Al-Muftah was born on 5th May 2002 in Qatar. Due to a rare disease, he was born without legs. He has to go through many operations every year.
At a young age, the boy became a(n)
He is not just a boy who survived a terrible physical disability, but he
He is an example for the world and especially for those
The world can learn a great deal from the young boy. At his young age, he was able to
| A．defence | B．trick | C．inspiration | D．riddle |
| A．death | B．survival | C．growth | D．injury |
| A．busy | B．tough | C．painful | D．normal |
| A．took out | B．built up | C．got over | D．broke down |
| A．influences | B．defeats | C．confuses | D．hurts |
| A．traditional | B．remote | C．important | D．boring |
| A．shows | B．cheats | C．awakens | D．promotes |
| A．working | B．struggling | C．cooperating | D．communicating |
| A．pull up | B．hold on | C．give up | D．move on |
| A．feeling | B．desire | C．feature | D．personality |
| A．takes | B．breaks | C．participates | D．throws |
| A．achieve | B．understand | C．doubt | D．enjoy |
| A．previous | B．future | C．particular | D．entire |
| A．health | B．courage | C．strategy | D．image |
| A．prevent | B．save | C．protect | D．tell |
3 . Three paralysed (瘫痪的) men, who were told they would spend the rest of their lives in a wheelchair, are able to walk again, thanks to an electrical device, which was placed around the men’s spines (脊柱) and boosted signals from their brains to their legs.
The first patient to be treated was 30-year-old Swiss man David M’zee, who suffered a severe spinal injury several years ago in a sporting accident. David’s doctor said he would never walk again. However, thanks to the electrical device developed by a team at a public research university in Lausanne, Switzerland, he agreed to take part in a trial led by Dr. Courtine at the university.
“I came with my daughter, Charlotte, who was one month old at the time. As we approached David, he looked her in the eye and said, ‘I will walk before you,’” Dr Courtine recalls. “When Charlotte took her first step she was 14 months old, by which time David was walking by Lake Geneva. He said to her, ‘I have beaten you.’”
David can now walk up to eight paces when the device is switched off and this is the first time that this has been recorded in a chronic (慢性的) spinal injury. However, out of the lab, in the real world, it is hard for David to walk more than a few paces. The signals from the device soon become uncomfortable and so can’t be used all the time. The system is also expensive and not reliable enough to be used out of the laboratory for day-to-day use, so it’s far from a cure.
David is the first of three patients who have benefited from the first wave of the treatment. Two other men have also managed to walk again, to various degrees.
The researchers plan to begin larger trials in Europe and the US in the next few years. If these go well, the researchers are confident the system could become more widely available.
1. How does the electrical device help the paralysed walk again?| A．By straightening the spines. | B．By making the brains recover. |
| C．By signaling the legs to move. | D．By making use of a wheelchair. |
| A．To point out David’s weakness. | B．To explain David’s failure to walk. |
| C．To show the speed of David’s recovery. | D．To prove his daughter’s athletic ability. |
| A．It is hard for typical patients to operate. | B．It is unreliable when used out of the lab. |
| C．It always makes patients uncomfortable. | D．It sometimes sends wrong signals to legs. |
| A．The device can cure paralysis. | B．The device has been widely used. |
| C．The device will be tested globally. | D．The device has a potential market. |
4 . Have you ever observed how a family runs smoothly? It’s the balance that plays a role in a family. But a family where there is too much chaos (混乱), argument, and one-sided communication has no balance. As a result, such a chaotic family suffers consequences like divorced parents, distances between children.
In the same way, nature needs balance, harmony and protection. You are already aware of the phrase — too much of everything is bad. That’s why the sensibility to bring balance in nature is every human’s responsibility.
The community of living species interacts with the environment’s non-living components in a healthy ecosystem. Rainfall, temperature, sunlight, soil, and water chemistry are the main examples of abiotic (无生命的) aspects of ecosystems that need to be in a stable manner.
To survive, plants need a certain combination of temperature, moisture, and soil chemistry. Protecting plants is also important because it provides food for the animals.What you see above are the natural phenomena that have been happening since the beginning of the universe. That’s how nature has been functioning. But indulgent human activities in using natural resources has created poor habitation in the natural environment. In fact, here are the human actions that have broken the balance in nature for so many years now.
People cut down trees to make space for new companies owing to an increase in population, which has decreased the amount of oxygen in the air. Global warming has resulted in the melting of the ice caps, leading to rising sea levels and other natural disasters like cyclones and tsunamis. As a result of habitat loss, it is getting harder for species to survive.To bring the Earth to its original form is impossible. But there is always a potential for bringing awareness. Hence, if the above human activities are lessened or changed with recycling activities, the next generation can still live a healthy life.
1. Why is a chaotic family mentioned in paragraph 1?| A．To bring up a new topic. |
| B．To come to a conclusion. |
| C．To complain about family chaos. |
| D．To admire the balance of a family. |
| A．Limit human activities to the fullest. |
| B．Control a certain amount of everything. |
| C．Don’t cut down trees for new companies. |
| D．Don’t use energy for economic development. |
| A．Responsible. | B．Controlled. | C．Romantic. | D．Unlimited. |
| A．Worried. | B．Doubtful. | C．Confident. | D．Uncertain. |
5 . If you ask children the question, “Where does your food come from?” Their answer probably is “the kitchen” or “the grocery store”. Mahan Chandra Borah, a 41-year-old rice farmer, was concerned about this and aimed to educate young people about the importance of agriculture in his country.
“Hundreds of varieties of rice and other crops went extinct in India because of people’s unawareness and I wanted to do something about it,” Mahan says. The result was the formation of the Annapurna Rice Library — a center preserving native seeds and all things ‘rice’.
As a boy, Mahan was a curious reader. “I always had curiosity about things and wanted to get a PhD,” he recalls. Most of Mahan’s days were spent reading and helping his father out in the fields. “Working with him in the fields is how I learnt all I know about farming,” he says.
“Our family was humble. While I wanted to study more, the money was an issue,” he adds. Things became even harder when Mahan’s father passed away. “I was completing my graduation and was heartbroken. However, I also had to look after my family. Studying further was out of the question, so I decided to do agriculture like my father for a living,” he says.
Mahan could have decided to go for traditional farming, but instead, he decided to research alongside. “I went online to look for papers on farming and seed saving. For the library, I have 500 types of seeds preserved there,” he says. Mahan says his favorite rice variety is Bhao Dhan. It is very tough in nature and can adapt easily to the flood-prone (易发洪水的) nature of Assam. However, the lower yield (产量) per hectare has been the reason why the farmers do not prefer to grow the rice.
For the last 15 years, Mahan has operated his library on his own funds. “I run my household and maintain the library. Lack of funds has become an issue, but I am managing somehow and I am sure I will overcome the difficulties and keep it alive,” he says.
1. What inspired Mahan to set up the Annapurna Rice Library?| A．The expectation from his father. |
| B．The lack of grain varieties in India. |
| C．The great demand for more native seeds. |
| D．The public ignorance of rice seed protection. |
| A．He came from a family rich enough. |
| B．He graduated from college with a PhD. |
| C．He dreamed to be an agricultural expert. |
| D．He learned about farming from his father. |
| A．Its delicious taste. |
| B．Its high production. |
| C．Its growing popularity. |
| D．Its good adaptive ability. |
| A．Devoted and determined. | B．Generous and easygoing. |
| C．Courageous and humorous. | D．Sensitive and open-minded. |
1. What happened to Stevie Wonder shortly after his birth?
| A．He was unable to see. |
| B．He couldn’t hear anything. |
| C．He broke his arm. |
| A．As a child. | B．As an adult. | C．As a teenager. |
| A．In the 1960s. | B．In the 1970s. | C．In the 1980s. |
1. Where is the conversation probably taking place?
| A．In a shop. | B．At an office. | C．At a bus stop. |
| A．Go to the park. | B．Visit the fish market. | C．Catch the bus home. |
| A．The parking fee is high. |
| B．There is on-street parking. |
| C．Parking is free at the weekend. |
| A．At 7:30 a.m. | B．At 8:00 a.m. | C．At 8:30 a.m. |
| A．Anne. | B．Keith. | C．Molly. |
10 . Sending human travelers to Mars would require scientists and engineers to overcome a range of technological and safety obstacles. One of them is the serious risk posed by particle radiation (辐射) from the sun, distant stars and galaxies (星系).
Answering two key questions would go a long way toward overcoming that difficulty: Would particle radiation pose too serious a threat to human life throughout a round trip to the red planet? And, could the very timing of a mission to Mars help shield astronauts and the spacecraft from the radiation?
In a new article published in the journal Space Weather, an international team of space scientists, including researchers from UCLA, answers those two questions with a “no” and a “yes.” That is, humans should be able to safely travel to and from Mars, only if the spacecraft has enough protection and the round trip is shorter than approximately four years. And the timing of a human mission to Mars would indeed make a difference: The scientists determined that the best time for a flight to leave Earth would be when solar activity is at its peak (高峰期), because, during this period, the most dangerous and energetic particles from distant galaxies are deflected (偏转) by the enhanced solar activity.
A trip of that length would be imaginable. The average flight to Mars takes about nine months, so depending on the timing of launch and available fuel, it is reasonable that a human mission could reach the planet and return to Earth in less than two years, according to Yuri Shprits, a UCLA research geophysicist and co–author of the paper.
“This study shows that while space radiation impose (强加) strict limitations on how heavy the spacecraft can be and the time of launch, and it presents technological difficulties for human missions to Mars, such a mission is possible,” said Shprits, who also is head of space physics and space weather at GFZ Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam, Germany.
1. What’s the function of the first paragraph?| A．To list human’s achievements in space. |
| B．To show a possible way to travel to Mars. |
| C．To introduce scientists’ effort to travel to Mars. |
| D．To present one of the difficulties of the trip to Mars. |
| A．Escape. | B．Approach. | C．Protect. | D．Separate. |
| A．About 9 months. | B．Less than 4 years. | C．Less than two years. | D．One year. |
| A．Will It Be Safe for Humans to Fly to Mars? |
| B．Humans Will Travel to Mars in the Near Future. |
| C．The Timing of a Trip to Mars Is Planned. |
| D．Particle Radiation Changes for the Solar Activity. |
