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阅读理解-阅读单选(约370词) | 适中(0.65) |
文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现,人们平均能记住5000张面孔,面部识别能力有助于应对多样化的社交需求,记忆力差异或由先天能力、注意力、信息处理及社交环境等因素造成。

1 . Some people say they “never forget a face.” But what does that saying mean? Is there really no limit to the number of faces a person can remember? A new study from a group of researchers at the University of York in England has found that, on average, people can remember as many as 5,000 faces. They published their findings on facial recognition this month in the Proceedings of The Royal Society B, Biological Sciences.

Rob Jenkins works in the psychology department at the University of York. He said the researchers’ study centered on “the number of faces people actually know”. The study suggests our facial recognition abilities help us to deal with the many different faces we see on the screens, as well as those we know, like family and friends.

For the human study, people spent one hour writing down as many faces from their personal lives as possible. Some examples may include people they went to school with, people they work with and family members. Then, they wrote down famous faces they know, such as actors, politicians and other public people.

The results showed that the participants knew between 1,000 and 10,000 faces. Jenkins said one explanation may be that some people have a natural ability for remembering faces. “There are differences in how much attention people pay to faces and how well they process the information,” he said. Jenkins also said it could be because of different social environments. Some people may have grown up in more populated places. So, they may have had more social contact throughout their lives.

The people in the study included 25 men and women students from two universities. They were between 18 and 61 years old. Researchers think age may be an interesting area for further research. Jenkins said it is possible that we gather more faces throughout our lifetime. But, he added, there also may be an age at which we start to find it harder to remember all of those faces.

1. What was the new study mainly about?
A.How long people can remember faces.
B.When people will forget faces.
C.Why people can deal with different faces.
D.How many faces people can know.
2. On average, how many faces can a man remember according to the study?
A.About 5,000.B.No more than 1,000.
C.Fewer than 25.D.Around 10,000.
3. What do we know about the participants in the study?
A.They are good at recognizing faces.
B.They remember more famous people.
C.They have different social backgrounds.
D.They try their best to avoid social contact.
4. What can we learn about the last paragraph?
A.We are sure to gather more faces as we age.
B.The future research may focus more on age.
C.The participants in the study are in their youth.
D.It may be harder to remember faces of different ages.
5. What did Jenkins think would affect people’s ability to remember faces?
A.Attention.B.Personal lives.C.Age.D.Sex.
今日更新 | 1次组卷 | 1卷引用:安徽省2023-2024学年高二普通高中学业水平合格性考试仿真模拟卷英语试题
文章大意:本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲述一个人发现了许多硬化了的粘土球。他沿着沙滩走时,把粘土用力扔向大海的远处,后来他发现每个土球里都包着一颗宝石,他后悔自己丢掉了许多本可以属于自己的财宝,由此作者感悟我们看人也要注意不能只看表面,要发现别人内在闪光点。

2 . A man was exploring some caves by the seashore. In one cave he _________ a bag of hardened clay balls. It seemed that someone had _________ some clay and baked the balls in the sun. They didn’t look like _________ things, but they interested him, so he took the bag out of the cave with him.

As he walked along the beach he _________ the clay balls one at a time out into the ocean as far as he could. He thought _________ about it until he dropped one of the balls and it cracked open on a rock. Inside was a beautiful, precious stone. _________, the man started breaking open the remaining clay balls. Each contained a similar treasure. He found thousands of dollars’ worth of jewels in the 20 or so clay balls he had _________, and then it struck him: Instead of thousands of dollars in treasure, he could have had tens of thousands, with the 50 or 60 clay balls with their _________ treasures which were now in the ocean. He just _________ the chance.

Sometimes it’s like that with __________. When we look at a person, we usually only see “the outside clay shell”. It isn’t always beautiful or shining, so we __________ the person; we see him as less important than someone more beautiful or more __________. But we haven’t taken the time to look for the __________ inside that person. If we spend the time getting to know that person, the clay will __________ and the brilliant jewel will shine. We are __________ made, not only with our physical bodies, but also with our spiritual selves, which are sometimes hidden from others by the “earthen shell”.

1.
A.searchedB.lostC.madeD.found
2.
A.rolledB.pressedC.dugD.cut
3.
A.dangerousB.valuableC.annoyingD.ordinary
4.
A.pushedB.putC.threwD.pulled
5.
A.littleB.longC.hardD.well
6.
A.MovedB.SatisfiedC.WorriedD.Excited
7.
A.givenB.takenC.leftD.dropped
8.
A.hiddenB.obviousC.well-knownD.questionable
9.
A.forgotB.missedC.abandonedD.faced
10.
A.moneyB.lifeC.peopleD.friends
11.
A.pityB.blameC.ignoreD.hate
12.
A.warm-heartedB.honestC.famousD.stylish
13.
A.clayB.treasureC.ballD.shell
14.
A.come offB.break awayC.run outD.dry up
15.
A.normallyB.graduallyC.wonderfullyD.expensively
今日更新 | 1次组卷 | 1卷引用:安徽省2023-2024学年高二普通高中学业水平合格性考试仿真模拟卷英语试题
阅读理解-阅读单选(约250词) | 适中(0.65) |
名校
文章大意:本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了可以让父母和孩子一起看的书。

3 . Here are four books for you and your children. Pick anyone you like!

Football with Dad by Frank Berrios

After watching the big game on TV every Sunday, a boy and his dad head outside to throw around a football like their favorite players. With its focus on playing safe and having fun. Football With Dad is the perfect way to introduce your little reader to the game of football.

There’s an Alligator Under My Bed by Mercer

Mayer Fear of the dark often brings people another fear, like having a monster (怪物) under your bed. This story uses clever thinking to show children how to do with their fear during the night. And it does have helped lots of children overcome their fear of the dark.

Room on the Broom by Julia Donaldson

The story has a great message of friendship. A witch (女巫) is happily flying around on her broom when the wind blows away her hat, then her bow, and then her wand. Luckily, a helpful animal finds her missing belongings each time.

7 Days till Ice Cream by Bernardo Feliciano

Jerron, A. J., and Cha are so excited about ice cream day! But sometimes, the ice cream car drives down a different street. Can they work together to control their car right to their house? This fun, easy-to-read story also shows us problem-solving and hands-on activities that your children will love!

1. What is the book Football With Dad about?
A.How to enjoy an exciting football game.B.How to play football.
C.How to be a father.D.How to get kids to be athletic.
2. Which book is about courage?
A.Football with Dad.B.There’s an Alligator Under My Bed.
C.Room on the Broom.D.7 Days till Ice Cream.
3. Which of the following can be used to describe Jerron, A. J., and Cha?
A.Boring.B.Responsible.C.Sensitive.D.Intelligent.
7日内更新 | 22次组卷 | 1卷引用:安徽省安庆市第一中学2023-2024学年高二下学期第一次段考(期中)英语试题
书面表达-读后续写 | 适中(0.65) |
4 . 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。

A few years ago, the company I worked for sent my wife and me to live in New York for a year.

I’ve always loved running, so I was really happy when I found out I lived next to Central Park. It meant that every morning I could go for a run before I went to work. Because a lot of people had told me to be careful of robbers in the park, so usually I didn’t take anything with me. How could they rob me if I didn’t have anything?

But one morning, my wife gave me a $10 bill and asked me to buy some bread on the way. It was a beautiful morning and the park was quiet with very few people walking or jogging around. While I was running through the park, another jogger knocked into me. He apologized and continued running. For a while, I didn’t think too much of it. However, when I noticed the wide path where I was running, I thought it was kind of strange. The warning of robbers in the park occurred to me. “It could have been a robber!” I suddenly became alarmed, so I checked my pocket and found that the money was missing. Without thinking twice, I ran after that jogger. I finally caught up and held him by the arm. I shouted, “Give me the $10 bill! Now!” I am not usually a hot-headed (性急的) person, but I got really angry this time. I couldn’t believe the robbery was actually happening to me. Filled with anger, I shook my fist at him. This seemed to frighten him. He quickly put his hand in his pocket and gave me the money. Then he ran away as fast as he could.

I bought the bread and went home. As soon as I got home, I couldn’t wait to tell my wife my story. “You won’t believe what happened to me,” I started with pride. She immediately stopped me, “I know, you left the money for the bread on the kitchen table.”

注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Looking at the money on the table, I stood there, shocked.

____________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

For several days, I waited at the same place.

____________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
7日内更新 | 9次组卷 | 1卷引用:安徽省淮北市杜集区淮北矿业集团公司岱河煤矿高中2023-2024学年高二下学期5月月考英语试题
书信写作-其他应用文 | 适中(0.65) |
5 . 为了保持生态平衡,你校英语俱乐部将举办保护野生动物的英语冬令营。请你用英语写一则海报,招募冬令营成员。内容包括:
1.冬令营的目的;
2.冬令营的相关活动、日期等。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

Welcome to English Winter Camp

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
阅读理解-阅读单选(约370词) | 适中(0.65) |
名校
文章大意:这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了三种大语言模型的训练方法:预训练、RLHF和DPO。

6 . It is no secret that building a large language model (LLM) requires huge amounts of data. In conventional training, an LLM is fed mountains of texts and encouraged to guess each word before it appears. With each prediction, the LLM makes small adjustments to improve its chances of guessing right. The end result is something that has a certain statistical "understanding" of what is proper language and what isn't.

But an LLM that has only undergone this so-called "pretraining" is not yet particularly useful. When asked for a joke to cheer you up, for instance, the pretrained model GPT-2 just repeated the question back three times. Clearly, improved training methods have to be found.

Here comes the so-called Reinforcement Learning From Human Feedback (RLHF), which normally involves three steps. First, human volunteers are asked to choose which of potential LLM responses might better fit a given situation. This process is repeated many thousands of times over. Then the final data set is used to train a reward model. Finally, the well-trained reward model is employed to train the original LLM. But this way of doing RLHF is quite complex and using two separate LLMs takes time and money.

It now turns out that the same result can be achieved with much less effort. Dr Rafailov and his colleagues, including Archit Sharma and Eric Mitchell, presented this alternative in December 2023 at an AI conference. Their method, Direct Preference Optimisation (DPO), relies on a satisfying mathematical trick.

According to the authors, removing the middleman makes DPO between three and six times more efficient than RLHF, and capable of better performance at tasks such as text summarisation. Its ease of use is already allowing smaller companies to train their own models. "A year ago, only a few world-leading models, such as Google's Gemini and OpenAI's GPT-4, could afford to use RLHF, "says Dr Rafailov. "But as of March 12, eight out of the ten LLMs used DPO."

1. What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A.The applications of GPT-2.B.The secret of building LLMs.
C.The process of pretraining.D.The limitations of pretrained LLMs.
2. Which of the following words can best describe RLHF?
A.Expensive.B.Efficient.C.Useless.D.Simple.
3. What can be learned about DPO from Dr Rafailov's words?
A.It has to use more LLMs.B.It is much more popular than RLHF.
C.It is still too complex to use.D.It is not cheap enough for small companies.
4. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A.DPO, the Perfect LLM Training Method
B.The Development of Large Language Models
C.A Brief Introduction to LLM Training Methods
D.GPT-4, the Most Intelligent Large Language Model
7日内更新 | 27次组卷 | 1卷引用:安徽省阜阳市第三中学2023-2024学年高二下学期6月期中英语试题
阅读理解-阅读单选(约190词) | 适中(0.65) |
名校
文章大意:本文是一篇应用文,主要介绍的是自行车销售和维修店MacBike的相关信息。

7 . There’s nothing so annoying as a broken bike. If there’s something wrong with your bicycle, stop using it and have it checked and fixed by MacBike’s expert mechanics (机修工).

FIXED WITHIN ONE DAY

Most of our repairs are done by our bike mechanics within one day, so if you bring your bike in the morning you can pick it up at the end of the day.

FREE LOAN BIKE

If repairs are 35 Euros or more, you will find free replacement transport ready and waiting for you. This loan bike will have you back on the road within 10 minutes!

BOVAG CERTIFIED

We are a BOVAG-certified bike repair shop. We follow specialized workshops annually so we can deliver high-quality services to our customers. We handle BOVAG guarantee and BOVAG terms of delivery.

Where

MacBike has three shops for bicycle sales and repair shops in the city centre of Amsterdam: 38th Avenue, 30th Avenue, 45th Avenue.

Business Hours

Monday-Saturday from 09:00-18:00

Closed on

25 & 26 December.

1 January

27 April

Telephone Number

0031 (0)20 428 14 40

Getting There

Bus 9, 14

Subway 51, 53, 54

1. How long will it take for a MacBike’s worker to fix a broken bike?
A.A day.B.A week.C.A morning.D.An afternoon.
2. What can be inferred about BOVAG from the text?
A.It is located in Amsterdam.B.It has the public recognition.
C.It offers professionals to the shop.D.It has three shops in the city center.
3. How could a visitor pay a visit to the MacBike’s repair shop?
A.By taking Bus 53.B.By taking Subway 51.
C.By riding a loan bike.D.By going there on Christmas.
7日内更新 | 16次组卷 | 1卷引用:安徽省江南十校2023-2024学年高二下学期5月阶段联考英语试题
听力选择题-长对话 | 适中(0.65) |
8 . 听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。
1. Who will help deliver the bottles on Monday morning?
A.LisaB.Steven.C.The teacher.
2. Why do the students collect the bottles?
A.To decorate the room for the party.
B.To make gifts for the homeless.
C.To use them as money cans.
3. What is the conversation mainly about?
A.A community club.B.A charity event.C.An entertainment activity.
7日内更新 | 5次组卷 | 1卷引用:安徽省淮北市国泰中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期中英语试题
听力选择题-短文 | 适中(0.65) |
9 . 听下面一段独白,回答以下小题。
1. Where will listeners go first?
A.The coast.B.The park.C.The zoo.
2. What should listeners do before going to the amusement park?
A.Prepare some snacks.B.Learn about its history.C.Book tickets.
3. What can listeners do on the third day of the trip?
A.Play volleyball.B.Have a picnic.C.Visit museums.
4. What does the speaker recommend listeners to take in the end?
A.A hat.B.A camera.C.A map.
7日内更新 | 6次组卷 | 1卷引用:安徽省淮北市国泰中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期中英语试题
听力选择题-长对话 | 适中(0.65) |
10 . 听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。
1. Why does the woman suggest going to Egypt by ship?
A.It’s more interesting.B.It’s cheaper.C.It’s more comfortable.
2. What do we know about the man’s wife?
A.She is not in good health.
B.She is busy with her work.
C.She always worries too much.
3. What will the man and his wife probably do in the end?
A.Go to Egypt.B.Stay at home.C.Go to the seaside.
7日内更新 | 5次组卷 | 1卷引用:安徽省淮北市国泰中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期中英语试题
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