3 . What will Karen do next?

A．Take a photo.

B．Download an app.

C．Plant some flowers.

4 . For adults who have struggled with understanding new math homework or surprised at how quickly kids can learn a second language, there is new evidence that shows kids can really learn things much faster than adults.

A study published in Current Biology finds that children and adults have different concentrations of a key brain messenger called gamma-aminobutyric acid, or GABA. This messenger slows down the brain by blocking specific signals in the body’s central nervous system. It also produces a calming effect and is thought to play a major role in controlling the overactivity of nerve cells associated with anxiety, stress and fear. All these contribute to the learning of new things.

In the study, the researchers from Brown University used neuro-imaging techniques to examine visual perceptive (视觉感知的) learning in elementary school-aged children and adults. Participants were shown a number of different images and were later asked questions about them following the test.

Visual learning caused an increase of GABA in children’s visual cortex, the area of the brain that processes visual information. However, GABA levels didn’t change in the adults who took the same visual tests. In addition, children participants kept that GABA increase for hours after training ended, while the concentrations of GABA remained the same in the adults studied.

“In subsequent behavioral experiments, we found that children indeed learn more items within a given period of time than adults.” said Sebastian M. Frank, the co-author of the study. “Our results therefore point to GABA as a key player in making learning more efficient in children.”

These results, the authors argue, should encourage teachers and parents to keep giving children opportunities to learn anything from riding a bike to playing an instrument throughout their childhood.

The findings may also change neuro-scientists’ conception of brain maturity in children. “Although children’s brains are not yet fully mature and many of their behavioral and cognitive functions are not as efficient as in adults, children are not, in general, surpassed in their learning abilities by adults,” said study co-author Takeo Watanabe.

1. What’s the function of GABA?

A．Send specific messages to the brain.	B．Deal with complex math problems.
C．Make the nervous system more active.	D．Increase efficiency in learning new things.

2. What do we know about the children taking the visual test?

A．Their GABA concentrations kept increasing after training.

B．Their learning abilities still needed to be improved.

C．They could remember more images than adults.

D．They were surpassed by adults in learning abilities.

3. How did the researchers do the research?

A．By comparing participants’ reaction.	B．By analyzing statistics.
C．By collecting relative evidence.	D．By conducting online survey

4. What does Takeo Watanabe want to say in the last paragraph?

A．Neuro-scientists don’t fully understand brain maturity in children.

B．Children are not mature in their behavior and cognition.

C．It takes a long time for children’s brains to be fully mature.

D．Children’s brain maturity does not affect their learning abilities.

5 . Artificial intelligence(AI) models have long surpassed just creating text responses and images. Now, with only one sentence, Open AI’s latest text-to-video model, Sora, can turn your words into video with good visual quality while faithfully following your content instructions.

Sora is said to be superior to many other existing models with similar functions. The AI model can create videos at suitable aspect ratios (屏幕高宽比) for different devices. It also lets users quickly test out content in lower quality before making the high-quality version, which helps speed up output according to the user’s requests.

Aside from this, its ability to present videos in a realistic and smooth manner is astonishing. Sora can create detailed scenes with several characters, specific types of motion, and accurate subject and background details. Beyond the user’s requests, it also understands how these elements exist in the real world. For example, reflections in the water change as a woman walks by.

Sora’s amazing performance wouldn’t be possible without its helpful assistant, ChatGPT, which transforms simple sentences into detailed descriptions, improving the accuracy of output.

However, the current model isn’t perfect. It may have trouble accurately showing how things move in a complicated scene and might not get how one action leads to another. For example, if someone eats part of a cookie in a Sora-made video, the cookie might not look like it’s been bitten into. The model might mix up directions and find it hard to describe events in the right order. One possible reason is that Sora learns each basic unit of a video, known as a spacetime patch (时空补丁), independently.

Sora is still in the testing stage of development. OpenAI is now inviting network security professionals to make random attacks on Sora’s system, aiming to test the model’s possible weaknesses and risks. Sora has also been open to some visual artists, designers and filmmakers. Their feedback will assist OpenAI in enhancing the model to better serve creative professionals.

1. What is the main focus of paragraph 2 and 3?

A．Sora’s development.	B．Sora’s diversity.
C．Sora’s capabilities.	D．Sora’s popularity.

2. Why does the author provide the example in paragraph 5?

A．To highlight Sora’s potential safety risks.	B．To illustrate Sora’s existing limitations.
C．To showcase Sora’s perfect performance.	D．To explain the concept of a spacetime patch.

3. What can we know about Sora up to now?

A．It has been made available to various industries.	B．Its commercial release has been called off.
C．It has exposed alarming security issues.	D．It is undergoing testing and improvement.

4. What’s the best title for the text?

A．Sora: Lead the way in creating videos	B．Sora: Surpass existing ChatGPT
C．Sora:Generate a rich variety of videos	D．Sora:A perfect text-to-video AI model

7 . 假设你是李华，你注意到现在越来越多的年轻人倾向于通过社交媒体分享自己的生活点滴。针对这一现象，请你给某英文网站写一篇短文，内容包括：
1. 描述你所观察到的现象。
2. 分析人们分享生活的原因。
3. 你个人对这种现象的看法。
注意：1. 词数80左右。
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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