1 . Break a Bad Habit

I used to have a roommate named Heather who wanted to stop smoking. I told her one tip I’d learned from a smoker who had stopped successfully: “    1    ”

She stocked. Replacing a bad habit with a good one is possible—if you’re willing. Here’s how to do it successfully:

Make sure the decision is yours.

    2    It’s even worse (impossible, really) when change is someone else’s idea. You have to be the one to want it. You’re far more likely to be successful if you make the decision for yourself (not your mother, or doctor). What do you most feel ready to change about you right now?

    3    

I used to go to AA with my dad and I remember something often repeated there: “If you don’t want to slip, don’t go where it’s slippery.” This meant: Enjoy “dry” places and activities, like a walk in the woods. Find some friends who you can spend a little more time with who doesn’t share the habit you’re hoping to reduce.

Distract(分散注意力) yourself.

Favourite food is alluring(诱人的) no matter how full we are, am I right? My Favourite food is pancakes.     4    A great technique(技巧) when you aren’t hungry but want to give in is to distract your mind. Instead of opening your fridge, leave the kitchen and start doing something in your bedroom, for example.

Remember to reward yourself.

Rewarding ourselves matters.     5    If you’ve stopped sugar, for example, you can treat yourself to a nice haircut or even a weekend away.

A．Be around the right people.

B．Don’t make any change right now.

C．Change isn’t the easiest thing on earth.

D．Replace an unwanted habit with a good habit.

E．I can even eat them after a five-course dinner.

F．Help yourself to the food that you like most now.

G．It is best if it has nothing to do with the unhealthy habit.

2 . How much sleep do we need? It’s a fundamental question about a basic human function we’ve been practicing for long, but there’s still no simple answer. But whether you’re a morning or evening person could be guided by your genes. That said, your sleeping pattern will change naturally with age, which is also reflected in the National Sleep Foundation recommendations: it suggests 14-17 hours of shuteye a day for newborn babies and only 7-8 hours for over-65s.

But scientists said it’s about more than simple duration. Teens and people in their early 20s do want to go to bed later and get up later too, something researchers suggest might be to do with changing hormones(荷尔蒙). “On average, there’s about a two-hour difference in preferred sleep times of somebody in their late teens or early twenties to somebody in their late 50s or early 60s,” he said. “So asking a teenager to get up at 7 o’ clock in the morning is the equivalent of asking a 55-year-old to get up at five in the morning.”

At the end of the day, the best way to measure how much sleep you each need is to listen to your own body. Do you rely on an alarm clock to wake up? Do you take a long time to feel awake? Are you dependent on coffee drinks to keep you focused during the day? Are you overly impulsive(冲动的) or do you find yourself running a lot of traffic lights, for instance? All these could be signs that you’re not getting enough sleep.

And that, we know today, is bad. The environment can affect your sleep preferences but your genes stay. Scientists said that the understanding of the importance of sleep was “one of the great achievements of modern neuroscience(神经科学),” and that society was moving away from the all-nighter culture to respect the need for sleep.

1. What’s the writer’s intention of writing the passage?

A．To report his research results.	B．To express the importance of sleep.
C．To list some sleeping patterns.	D．To persuade people to have enough sleep.

2. What would not change according to the passage?

A．Age.	B．Genes.
C．Hormones.	D．Sleeping pattern.

3. What does the underlined word “that’ in the last paragraph refer to?

A．Not getting enough sleep.	B．Listening to your own body.
C．Running a lot of traffic lights.	D．Not understanding of the importance of sleep.

4. Which is the best title for the passage?

A．Sleeping Patterns

B．The Importance of Sleep

C．A Great Achievement of Neuroscience

D．Different People Need Different Amounts of Sleep

3 . People made wings and strapped them to their arms. They flapped their arms but couldn’t fly. They built gliders(滑翔机), light aircraft with wings. Some didn’t work, but some did.

The gliders that worked had special wings. These wings were arched on both the top and the bottom. The air pulled the wings from above and pushed the wings from below. When the wings went up, so did the glider! Arched wings help create a force called lift. Lift is the force that keeps the gliders in the air.

Most gliders have long, thin wings. The wings create enough lift to carry the aircraft and its passengers. Gliders usually ride currents of air the same way a hawk soars(飞翔).

Gliders are very light, and long wings and air currents can give them enough lift to fly. But to carry more than just a passenger or two, an aircraft needs a lot more lift. The question is: How do you create more lift?

The engine is the answer!

The engine is a machine that changes energy into movement. The forward movement that an airplane needs to fly is called thrust. More thrust makes an airplane move forward faster. Moving faster creates more lift. And with more lift, an airplane can carry more weight so an aircraft with an engine can carry passengers or cargo.

In 1903 the Wright brothers figured out how to get wings and an engine to work together in order to give an airplane enough thrust to fly. They made the first powered flight at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.

Since then people have made airplanes that can fly faster than sound can travel. They have made airplanes that can fly all the way around the world without stopping.

Today, thousands of people travel in airplanes every day. People really have learned how to fly!

1. If a flyer wants to stay in the air, it needs enough ________.

A．lift	B．thrust
C．wings	D．engines

2. What made the flyers moving forward in the sky?

A．The air.	B．The lift.
C．The thrust.	D．The wind.

3. An airplane can carry heavy weight and fly very fast mostly because of ________.

A．the lift	B．the thrust
C．the sound	D．the engine

4. The whole passage mainly tells us ________.

A．how gliders were built	B．how important the engine was
C．how people learned to fly	D．how the first airplane was made

4 . I was always pretty independent, but living alone made me even more at peace. Living alone helped me grow as a human being. Caitlin Moscatello had a similar experience:

“I was the queen of my own 400-square-foot-castle for three years, and looking back, I can see that that short stretch of time was crucially important to establish my independence. It started with small things: I negotiated my rent on my own, created a household budget (预算) on my own, hashed out a savings plan on my own. I signed up for half-marathons, and actually ran them. I tried hot yoga, and hated it, but whatever, I tried it. And then, the results had a bigger payoff: I put in late hours at work, because I didn’t have anyone asking me ‘Will you be home for dinner?’ and got promoted. I met a guy on one of many fun, little dates, and he turned out to be the love of my life. I also got gutsier(有勇气的): I traveled abroad alone, several times, without thinking twice about it.”

I also think my time alone makes me a better partner now that I share my life (and my space) with another person. The real secret of living alone? You’re not living alone, you’re living with yourself. And the better you know yourself — what truly makes you happy, melancholy, frustrated or bored — the better you can deal with it without depending on others. Which means you won’t be putting pressure on other people in your life to do that work for you.

Living alone doesn’t mean you become a hermit(隐者, 逸士). In fact, you’ll likely find yourself more excited to see people and go out when your home space is all your own. And studies have shown that single people get out more — to social gatherings, community events, volunteering — than those who are coupled up. Or as Aletheia Luna writes, “It’s human nature to take our friends, family and loved ones for granted. Living alone, devoid of the presence of others, helps us to appreciate these people more when they are around.”

1. According to the 2^nd paragraph, living alone is not good for ________.

A．making decisions	B．keeping up one’s health
C．getting off work on time	D．having one’s independence

2. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A．Caitlin Moscatello was a queen.	B．The writer got married.
C．Living alone can avoid feeling sad.	D．Aletheia Luna is a hermit.

3. What’s the meaning of the underlined phrase in the last paragraph “devoid of”?

A．full of	B．free of
C．short of	D．because of

5 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Like other big cities, Paris has also a traffic problem: lots of cars, traffic jams and traffic pollution. So since 2007, the city     1    (start) a plan to improve the situation.

Under a project, people can take a bicycle, use it as long as they want, and then leave it at the same or another bicycle station. The first half-hour is free,     2     if you don’t return it after 30 minutes, you have to pay. It’s only $1 or $29 a year. The bicycles are as heavy as 25 kilograms, and they’re all grey and have baskets. There’re a large number of     3    (they) in the city, and the bicycle stations are more than the subway stations!

Paris isn’t the first city to operate a project like this. One Parisian said, “These bicycles are only suitable for short     4    (journey). If people want to travel across the city, they won’t use a bicycle — they’ll still use their cars.”

A city spokesman said, “The bicycle project won’t solve all our traffic problems, but it might work in     5    (reduce) air pollution. Traffic, together with factory fumes,     6    (be) a big problem. Everyone knows about global warming and dramatic climate changes — we know this is partly because rainforests are     7    (gradual) disappearing. And it’s also because there’s so much pollution. There aren’t any simple answers     8     traffic problems and pollution in cities, but the bicycles might help people lead     9     healthier life. Unless we do something now, there’ll be more traffic jams and temperatures will continue to rise, so the problems in our environment will get even     10    (bad).”

6 . Joining Us as a Games Volunteer！

The success of the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games depends on your contribution！Join us as a Games Volunteer！

Games volunteers will be directly involved in assisting Games operations before, during and after the Tokyo 2020 Games. Games volunteers will guide athletes around, welcome important people and help lost visitors.
Number of Volunteering Days and Daily Hours

※The Tokyo Olympic Games will be held from Friday 24 July to Sunday 9 August 2020. In principle, Games volunteers will be required to work for at least a fortnight before, during and after the Olympic Games.

※Games volunteers will work eight hours per day including rest breaks. Actual shift lengths depend on event schedules, activities, activity sites, etc.

Age and Residential Requirements

Applicants must fulfill the following two requirements:

※Born on or before April 1, 2002.

※Japanese national or person with valid visa permitting residence in Japan during the volunteer period (temporary visitors included). Native speakers of English will be preferred.

Number of Games Volunteer Opportunities

80,000.

Method and Applicant Categories

※Applications will be submitted online.

※Individuals only.

Offers and Confirmation

Those applicants who attend the training sessions(会议) and are assigned a volunteer role will be offered to become a Tokyo 2020 Games volunteer.

Please note that the above offer will be cancelled in the event of any of the following:

※If the volunteer engages in any activity that damages the image of the Tokyo 2020 Games.

※If the volunteer engages in any activity that severely damages teamwork.

※If any information contained in the original application form is clearly found to be false.

Items and Welfares Provided to Volunteers

Volunteers will be provided with a set of free Olympic Games volunteer uniforms and meals during the work day.

1. How long will a Games volunteer be required to work at least?

A．One week.	B．Two weeks.
C．Three weeks.	D．Four weeks.

2. Who will be more likely to be accepted as a Games volunteer?

A．A Chinese.	B．A Russian.
C．An Australian.	D．A German.

3. What will Games volunteers be provided with for free?

A．Clothing.	B．Accommodation.
C．Transportation.	D．Amusements.

7 . 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线( \ )划掉。
修改：在错的词下一横线，并在该词下面写修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Dear Mr. Chen,

I will graduate in about a month. I have a lot of to say. During the past three years, you have given me so many help and encouragement, but I have done a lot of things what make you angry.

When I was in Grade Two, I didn’t study hardly. I spent too much time in play basketball.

As a result, I got bad grades. You tried your best to help me on my English, my study habits and my life. Every time I did everything wrong, you always said, “It doesn’t matter.” At that time, I was too young and foolish understand you. Now I can see all of these thing. I think that I should say sorry to me. I am very sorry, sir!

Best wishes to you and your family!

Yours,

Steve

8 . 为了展示同学们的英语学习成果，激发同学们的英语学习兴趣，你校要举办一场英语晚会， 假定你是该校学生李华。请给你校的英语外教Smith写一封信介绍此次活动，并邀请他参加，要点如下：
1. 时间：6月1日晚上6:30至8:30；
2. 地点：学校礼堂；
3. 内容：英文诗歌朗诵，英语歌曲演唱等；
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;
3. 开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Smith,

How are you doing?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

9 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

A terrible fire began to burn at France’s world-famous Notre-Dame de Paris Cathedral (巴黎圣母院)    1    the evening of April 15. Flames could be seen rising through the top of the monument.     2    (it) tall, narrow top later fell down. It took 15 hours for 400 French firefighters     3    (put) out the fire.     4    (fortunate), the main stone structure, including the two bell towers, has been saved, but there is little information on the condition of the cathedral’s glass windows and paintings.

Notre-Dame     5    (date) back to the 12th century. French writer Victor Hugo used it as the setting of his famous story, The Hunchback of Notre-Dame,    6    was first published in 1831. Sitting in the center of Paris, along the Seine River, Notre-Dame is one of the world’s most famous tourist     7    (site). About 12 million people visit it each year.

One man said, “Notre-Dame     8    (destroy) but the soul of France was not.” French President Emmanuel Macron promised that Notre-Dame would be rebuilt and asked for worldwide help repairing it. Many countries offered assistance, because Notre-Dame is part of the     9     (culture) heritage of mankind and     10    symbol for Europe.

10 . 假设你是李华,你的家乡剪纸艺术负有盛名,你写了一篇英文宣传稿,想请外籍教师Mike帮助润色。请根据提示,用英语给Mike写一封求助信。内容包括:
1. 求助事由;
2. 求助内容;
3. 表达感激。
注意：1. 词数100左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mike,

I’m writing in the hope that you will be kind enough to do me a favor. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua