A.Generally | B.Originally | C.Eventually | D.Unfortunately |
A.tension | B.regulation | C.process | D.affection |
3 . Artificial cloud technology could soon be used in the fight against environmental damage. Researchers in Australia have used machines to spray salt water into the air, and noted that the reflective qualities of these artificial clouds helped protect the Great Barrier Reef from sun bleaching (漂白).
The so-called cloud brightening project works by thickening existing clouds and reducing sunlight exposure to protect the reef. No artificial chemicals make it into the clouds in the sky. When water droplets steam, they leave only small salt crystals that float up into the atmosphere. This provides a larger surface area for water vapor to be liquids around them, forming thicker clouds.
The past two years have seen uncommon forest fires and droughts triggered by the climate change emergency, meaning that widespread use of this technique may become more commonplace if carbon emissions are not checked.
Drones, unmanned flying vehicles, have also entered the cloud controlling picture, used in the United Arab Emirates, a country desperately in need of more rainfall, to deliver electrical shocks to clouds in order to facilitate rainfall. Zapping (击打) clouds to produce a positive or negative charge within clouds can cause water droplets to form together. The greater the charge, the larger the droplets, which is vital for ensuring that as much rain as possible reaches the surface before steam gives off all the hard-won moisture (水分).
Even if one waves aside climate change, global waterfall shortages are still an increasing concern, given the planet’s booming population. More people means more mouths to feed, and the demand for water in agriculture for animals and crops further increases urgency for cloud controlling technology. An increase in rain also leads to positive economic growth in many countries, as large harvests stabilize financial systems and living standards in all climates.
Increasingly, scientists are looking to our skies in providing solutions to protect our environment. Cloud controlling technologies have promise. However, for this field of science to become practical economically, more research needs to be done in making this process a practicable option in protecting our environment.
1. How does the cloud brightening project work?A.By creating more water vapor which later becomes liquids. |
B.By spraying chemicals and small salt crystals into the atmosphere. |
C.By expanding the water vapor arca and blocking more sunlight. |
D.By steaming water droplets to provide a larger surface area. |
A.They spread larger water droplets. |
B.They charge clouds to promote rain. |
C.They will be popularized in dry years. |
D.They control the movements of clouds. |
A.Problems of overpopulation. |
B.Solutions to waterfall shortage. |
C.Urgency of economic development. |
D.Additional benefit of cloud technology. |
A.High cost. |
B.Research method. |
C.Environmental impact. |
D.Complicated process. |
A.reached | B.relieved | C.reflected | D.responded |
A.compensate | B.compromise | C.commence | D.compliment |
6 . Nong Jiagui has taught at this elementary school for 37 years.
He was the only teacher here until 2020 when another one
Over the decades, Nong has
The county is part of Wenshan Prefecture (州) on the border with Vietnam. It’s home to a large number of ethnic Zhuang people. Following the poverty alleviation (缓和) drive, the place has experienced
Nong says he needs to learn more to perform his duty
A.convinced | B.joined | C.evaluated | D.consulted |
A.special | B.vast | C.dynamic | D.influential |
A.monitor | B.bother | C.comfort | D.house |
A.shocked | B.annoyed | C.scared | D.confused |
A.freedom | B.knowledge | C.power | D.competence |
A.chose | B.hoped | C.prayed | D.intended |
A.provided | B.shifted | C.established | D.restored |
A.forbidden | B.hidden | C.broken | D.forgotten |
A.selected | B.elected | C.adopted | D.assigned |
A.responsibility | B.reputation | C.expectation | D.ability |
A.add | B.announce | C.voice | D.explain |
A.slow | B.fast | C.mild | D.sustainable |
A.economy | B.politics | C.medicine | D.education |
A.bring forward | B.bring up | C.bring about | D.bring back |
A.violently | B.extensively | C.faithfully | D.incredibly |
7 . Taylor Swift, US singer-songwriter known for hits such as Shake It Off and You Belong With Me, has earned a new praise-she now has a new species of millipede (千足虫) named in her honor.
The millipede Nannaria swiftae joins 16 other new species described from the Appalachian Mountains of the United States. They have a valuable role, for they break down leaf litter and release their nutrients into the ecosystem. They live on the forest floor, where they feed on rotten leaves and other plant matter, and in fact, they are somewhat tricky to catch, because they tend to remain buried in the soil, sometimes staying completely beneath the surface.
Because of their presence in museum collections, scientists long suspected that the millipedes included many new species, but these specimens (标本) went undescribed for decades. To fix this, the researchers began a multi-year project to collect new specimens throughout the eastern US. They traveled to 17 US states, checking under leaf litter, rocks, and logs to find species so that they could sequence (测定序列) their DNA and scientifically describe them.
Looking at over 1, 800 specimens collected on their field study or taken from university and museum collections, the authors described 17 new species, including Nannaria marianae, which was named after Hennen’s wife. They discovered that the millipedes prefer to live in forested habitats near streams and are often found buried under the soil, exhibiting more mysterious behaviors than their relatives.
The lead author of the study, Derek Hennen, a fan of Taylor Swift says, “Her music helped me get through the highs and lows of graduate school, so naming a new millipede species after her is my way of saying thanks.”
1. Why is it tough to seize the millipede?A.It’s flexible. | B.It hides well. | C.It feeds on leaves. | D.It looks like litter. |
A.To show scientists’ tough work. | B.To blame researchers’ carelessness. |
C.To illustrate millipedes’ importance. | D.To emphasize invention in scientific studies. |
A.Habitat. | B.Diet. | C.Nutrition. | D.Mystery. |
A.Taylor Swift Is a Famous Singer-Songwriter. | B.Scientists Conduct Research on the Millipede. |
C.Research on the Millipede Amazed Scientists. | D.Millipede Species Named after Taylor Swift. |
8 . Cimabue, the greatest painter of a Middle Ages in Italy, was surprised one day after his lunch break to discover that a fly had seated itself under the nose of a character that he had been working on. He swatted (重拍) at the fly, but it did not move. He reached out to touch the insect, only to find it was only wet paint. Turning around, he saw that his apprentice (学徒), Giotto, was laughing. Giotto had painted the fly when Cimabue was away, and it looked so real that Cimabue had been completely fooled.
Giotto di Bondone was born into a poor family in a village. Legend has it that one day, when Cimabue was wandering around the countryside, he spotted a young shepherd boy drawing pictures of his sheep, which were so vivid that Cimabue immediately asked him to come to Florence and learn how to paint. That was how Giotto’s story began in Florence, where the young student flourished under Cimabue s instruction and soon surpassed his master in skill.
At that time, people in paintings didn’t look real, and the symbolism of art was difficult for viewers to connect with it. Innovation (创新) was not stressed, so art had remained the same for hundreds of years.
However, Giotto thought art should be something more connected with people in a more realistic way. His masterpieces included the forty major frescoes (壁画) for the Arena Chapel. Adopting many techniques that were uncommon then, he painted people the way he saw them, instead of the overly tall and boxy people that other artists painted. He created three-dimensional space by using perspective, something that had not been done since Roman times.
In addition to painting, Giotto wrote poetry and drew architectural plans. When Giotto was in his sixties, he painted the Ognissanti Madomma, another famous work of art. He continued working until the age of seventy. The ideas Giotto brought to painting throughout his life revolutionized the art world and made him one of the greatest painters ever.
1. What does the anecdote in paragraph 1 tell us about Giotto?A.His humor | B.His talent | C.His courage | D.His determination |
A.Impressed | B.Stressed | C.Doubtful | D.Concerned |
A.Vivid colors | B.Classic skills |
C.Original composition | D.Lifelike quality |
A.Great minds think alike | B.Innovation is the vitality of art |
C.Constant dripping wears away a stone | D.A slow sparrow should make an early start |
9 . Reasonable people should not have blind faith in the medical profession.
While it is true that modern Western medicine has risks, we shouldn’t reject it totally.
If this is the case why has “alternative” health care become so popular in North America and Europe? Often the fear of surgery motivates people to look for these alternatives. Many people think that these treatments will help even when the situation seems hopeless to Western doctors.
A.Some alternative treatments are ineffective. |
B.In addition everyone wants to be treated warmly. |
C.We have to realize that there will be risks in almost any treatment. |
D.Alternative treatments are attractive because they seem less harmful. |
E.Patients who trust their doctors are more likely to follow treatment plans. |
F.We all have to get more information about the treatments that we are given. |
G.The harm to the patients usually comes from not getting medical treatment immediately. |
A.instead of | B.except of | C.apart from | D.rather than |