1 . Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

Wearing Helmet

Some kids ride through city bicycle lanes like a professional, and others set out alone down quiet country lanes. However, every day, an average of more than 500 children with bike-related injuries are treated in U.S. emergency departments, according to an analysis of injury data from 2006 to 2015. Those wearing helmets were significantly less likely to have head and neck injuries, the study found. And although children tend to wear helmets more consistently than adults, many still ride without one.

Along with calling for safer, more bike-friendly streets, it’s important to choose a helmet that will help protect your child from injury in a fall or a crash. When you’re choosing a helmet, focus primarily on ensuring the correct fit. “A poor fit will impact the protection a helmet can provide,” says Angela Lumba-Brown, an emergency medicine physician at Stanford Health Care.

The best way to find the right size is to take your child into a bike shop and have them try on helmets with a sales associate who’s familiar with the options, says Brad Bowman, product manager at Gregg’s Cycle. If you choose to buy online, Bowman suggests measuring your child’s head with flexible measuring tape about an inch above the eyebrows before choosing a size.

Helmet sizes are measured by head circumference (圆周), and helmets usually come with adjustable dials to accommodate a range of circumferences. For example, a 3-to-5-year-old child might wear a helmet with a 50-to-52-centimeter circumference. Bowman suggests choosing one that fits comfortably but also allows for a bit of growth. Once a sales associate helps you identify the right-sized helmet, adjust the dial until the helmet feels tight but isn’t causing the child discomfort. “After you dial in the fit, if you pull up lightly on top of the helmet, it shouldn’t come off their head,” he says.

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2 . Recently, TikTok’s parent ByteDance has published an update to its corporate structure, mapping out an organization that seems to conflict with Congress’s ________ of how the company operates.

A．pursuit

B．ambition

C．transformation

D．interpretation

3 . Indeed, last year, Google showed off a pair of smart glasses that can translate foreign languages in real time by displaying the ________ text over the lenses.

A．controversial

B．corresponding

C．characteristic

D．subsequent

4 .

New big pack from Sierra Designs The latest pack from Sierra Designs is the Gigawatt 60L. The pack has an adjustable back system that fits back lengths from 40cm to 53cm. It’s made from durable 300D polyester. Features include a zipped top and side access, oversized side and front pockets. The Gigawatt 60L weighs 1.84kg and costs £130. sierradesigns.com

Scarpa upgrades its Maestrale boots Maestrale Re-Made ski boots are made from Polymer taken from around three tons of leftover materials. Creating a Re-Made boot from Polymer emits 27% less carbon dioxide than creating a “classic” boot from plant-based Pebax Rnew, which emits 32% less carbon dioxide than Fossil-based Plastics. The design and manufacturing process behind the Re-Made boot were developed by Scarpa’s Green Lab, the production department dedicated to sustainable solutions. A pair costs £500. scarpa.co.uk / ellis-brigham.com

Vasque Breeze gets sustainable update The well-established Vasque Breeze hiking boot has been modernised with environmentally friendly materials. It’s now made with recycled polyester and is the first boot to have a VasqueDry Waterproof membrane, which is made from 25% recycled materials. The Breeze is also comfortable to wear with its soft footbed. The Breeze weighs 1120 grams and comes in two widths. It costs £140. vasque.com

The North Face launches new ski touring clothing The Dawn Turn clothing provides a layering system for ski touring designed to keep you warm, dry and freely moving. It includes a shell jacket, midlayers, trousers and accessories. The Dawn Turn 2.0 jacket won the innovation award at ISPO for its breathable layer. The cost is £350. The Dawn Turn 1.0 Jacket is made from waterproof DryVent. It features a windproof hood and oversized front pockets, and costs £325. thenorthface.co.uk

1. The target readers of the passage are probably ______________.

A．The ski athletes	B．The outdoor lovers
C．The environmentalists	D．The sports retailers

2. Which of the following statement is TRUE according to the passage?

A．Both kinds of boots mentioned in the passage have two different widths.

B．The latest big pack from Sierra Designs has a fixed back system.

C．The Vasque Breeze hiking boot is both eco-friendly and waterproof.

D．The Dawn Turn 1.0 Jacket won the innovation award at ISPO.

3. In the boots production, which order is correct based on the carbon emissions of the materials?

A．Polymer > Pebax Renew >Fossil-based Plastics

B．Fossil-based Plastics > Pebax Renew > Polymer

C．Fossil-based Plastics > Polymer >Pebax Renew

D．Polymer >Fossil-based Plastics >Pebax Renew

5 . Catherine Garland, a physics professor, started seeing “the problem” in 2019. She’d laid out the assignment clearly during an engineering course, but student after student was calling her over for help. They were all getting the same error message: The program couldn’t find their files.

Garland thought it would be an easy fix. She asked each student where they had saved their project. “Could they be on the desktop? Perhaps in the Documents folder?” But over and over, she was met with confusion. “What are you talking about?” multiple students inquired. Gradually, Garland came to the realization: the concept of file folders and directories, essential to previous generations, understanding of computers, is gibberish to many modern students.

Garland’s mental model is commonly known as “directory structure”, the hierarchical system (层级体系) of folders used to arrange files. What have caused the mental model to change? It is possible that many students spent their high school years storing documents in the cloud storage like OneDrive and Dropbox rather than in physical spaces. It could also have to do with the other apps they’re accustomed to. “When I want to scroll (滚屏) over to Snapchat, Twitter, they’re not in any particular order, but I know exactly where they are,” says Vogel, who is a devoted iPhone user. Some of it boils down to muscle memory.

It may also be that in an age where every user interface includes a search function, young people have never needed folders or directories. The first internet search engines were used around 1990, but features like Windows Search are products of the early 2000s. While many of today’s professors grew up without search functions, today’s students increasingly don’t remember a world without them.

Some may blame the generational incompetence. An international study claimed that only 2 percent of Generation Z (born from 1997 onwards) had achieved the “digital native” level of computer literacy. But the issue is likely not that modern students are learning fewer digital skills, but rather that they’re learning different ones. Garland, for all her knowledge of directory structure, doesn’t understand Instagram nearly as well as her students do. “They use computers one way, and we use computers another way,” Garland emphasizes. “That’s where the problem lies.”

1. The word “gibberish” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to________.

A．common

B．accessible

C．nonsense

D．fundamental

2. What can be concluded from paragraph 3 and 4?

A．There is no search function in the directory structure.

B．College professors have weaker muscles than students do.

C．Modern students like to store documents in physical drives.

D．The change in mental models reflects the progress in technology.

3. By mentioning Garland’s and Vogel’s stories, the author________.

A．highlights the different mindsets of two generations

B．criticizes modern students’ overuse of online apps

C．shows the difficulty of teaching today’s students

D．calls on a change in the education of physics

4. According to the passage, what can best address “the problem” mentioned at the beginning and the ending?

A．Teaching students directory structure.

B．Improving generational understanding.

C．Enhancing Generation Z’s digital skills.

D．Urging teachers to learn search functions.

6 . Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
“Li Na’s perseverance and pioneering courage will be recognized with the highest honor in her profession: induction (入门) into the International Tennis Hall of Fame (名人堂).”
“Ne Zha and Monkey King share a lot in common. They are brave fighters, refusing to resign themselves to destiny.”
成功的人物总有一些可贵的品质，读了以上材料，谈谈你的想法。内容包括：
1. 简述李娜（网球运动员）或者哪吒（神话人物）等身上的可贵品质；
2. 结合生活实际谈谈其中某一可贵品质的重要性。
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7 . 就如专家指出，父母应鼓励孩子积极参加课外活动，而不是逼着他们去上课外班。(instead) (汉译英)

8 . Arthur C Clarke (1917-2008) is a science-fiction writer. His fictional HAL 9000 computer in 2001: A Space Odyssey, which he co-wrote, _______ many of today’s fears about artificial intelligence. I have a copy of a long-forgotten 1987 book of him July20, 2019: Life in the 21st century. I did not plan on mentioning it until the 50^th anniversary of the first moon landings, which its title reflects. But I am _______ my own word because re-reading it has given me new insight.

Till now, the book is _______ in almost every detail. Clarke suggests, for example, “amplifiers(放大器)” to make us more intelligent, but makes no _______ of the Internet, which was in development at the time and was _______ 15 years earlier by Joseph Licklider of MIT, when he was working at the US defence department.

Being wrong is just one problem I have with Clarke’s book. Like most future-gazing, it sees tomorrow _______ in terms of technology. He viewed technology as humanity’s saviour(救世主). Technology is marvellous, but it has had little or nothing to do with the best things about the world, and it will play a _______ role in casting out humanity’s worst things: poverty, ignorance and madness. What do I mean by the best things? The outlawing of racism; rights for disabled people; liberation for women; the rise of _______ but the fall of superstition(迷信); social security, animal rights and greater life expectancy.

I love what technology is doing for the developing world, where electric lighting, washing machines and the Internet have _______ progress. But even better for that world will be universal education, the elimination of corruption(腐败), the rule of law, and democracy. Technology will play its part, but it will not be ________.

Mare Demarest, an Oregon-based digital thinker and author, believes technology tells us truths regardless of our nasty tendency to get distracted, to miss the moment, and to ________ data to make it mean what we want it to mean. “Gathering data is mostly done to ________ the human lot one way or another. Making sense of data, ________, will remain a human activity,” he says. “We are better at ________ than any machine we will be able to make for a very long time to come.”

We’re not progressing humanity or changing the world. That’s what ideas do, and machines don’t have ideas. Technology is only the ________ of our desires. It isn’t the future; we are the future. It’s funny that even Clarke stopped short of predicting machines with imaginations.

1.

A．experiences

B．causes

C．eliminates

D．foresees

2.

A．coining

B．breaking

C．emphasizing

D．parroting

3.

A．wrong

B．technical

C．readable

D．informative

4.

A．use

B．sense

C．mention

D．doubt

5.

A．launched

B．predicted

C．discovered

D．inspected

6.

A．entirely

B．attentively

C．seriously

D．positively

7.

A．constructive

B．supervisory

C．minor

D．leading

8.

A．economy

B．industry

C．reason

D．reflection

9.

A．achieved

B．assessed

C．traced

D．aided

10.

A．active

B．essential

C．revolutionary

D．passive

11.

A．bend

B．store

C．download

D．transfer

12.

A．create

B．educate

C．understand

D．improve

13.

A．besides

B．however

C．therefore

D．otherwise

14.

A．multitask

B．identification

C．judgment

D．flexibility

15.

A．agent

B．spokesperson

C．signboard

D．illustration

9 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A.encouraged	B. excuse	C. featured	D. favor	E. approaches	F. defended
G. access	H. serve	I. regional	J. celebrated	K. lengths

When Coca-Cola was first sold in 1886, nobody thought it could be improved. Nearly a century later, in 1985, New Coke was introduced to replace the original recipe of Coke in order to rebrand the product amidst falling sales——Coke was losing customers to Pepsi, whose sweeter taste was finding     1    . Unfortunately, the Coca-Cola Company saw a significant drop in sales soon after the release of New Coke. Some customers just preferred the “classic” recipe. The old adage(格言), “If it ain’t broke, don’t fix it,” seems to apply here.

Something similar is happening with A Bite of China, a     2     food documentary focusing on the stories, traditions and culture surrounding interesting regional dishes from around China. The first two seasons of the show saw great success. However, when the third season began last month, the reviewers were not so “sweet”. With an entirely new production team, Season Three steers away from(偏离) the show’s core focus on     3     dishes and towards intimate life stories, non-food-related subject matter and even product placement(植入广告).

In the first episode of Season Two, a teenager in the countryside collects honey high up in a tree. The scene is stunningly filmed, telling a moving story about the dangerous     4     to which people go to gather food for their families. In the third season, however, the focus is taken almost completely away from the food. In one of its most infamous episodes, DIY lipstick using questionable ingredients bought online is     5    . Viewer response has been swift and severe, with several commentators wondering whether it is still suitable to call the show a food documentary. The production crew have     6     the changes, claiming that the innovation is meant to keep the show fresh and interesting to an expanding audience. While this may     7     in part, to explain the show’s creative differences from previous seasons, it doesn’t     8     the show’s declining professionalism, which has led to some silly mistakes such as mixing up ingredients or confusing the correct names of regional dishes.

Innovation is generally     9     in industries big and small, but a winning formula that has popular     10     is not necessarily something that requires changes. Innovation is a tool often best used when a new direction is called for. By trying to reinvent the wheel, one might just end up with a flat tire. It’s time that A Bite of China took a page out of Coca-Cola’s playbook and returned to the classic recipe, where success has never tasted so sweet.

10 . Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

When scientists accidentally killed     1    turned out to be the world’s oldest living creature, it was bad enough. Now, their mistake has been worsened after further research found it was even older – at 507 years.

The ocean quahog, a type of deep-sea clam, was dredged (捕捞) alive from the bottom of the North Atlantic near Iceland in 2006 by researchers. They then put it in a fridge-freezer,     2    is normal practice, unaware of     3    age. It was only when it was taken to a laboratory     4    scientists from Bangor University studied it and concluded it was 400 years old.

The discovery made it into the Guinness Book of World Records. However, by this time, it was too late for Ming the Mollusc(软体动物),     5    (name) after the Chinese dynasty     6    its life began. Unfortunately, researchers who calculated Ming’s age killed it instantly by opening its shell.

The researchers opened the ancient clam up to judge its age by counting growth rings inside. But the rings were so close together     7    scientists ended up having to count the rings on the outside to be accurate,     8    (lead) CBS journalists to point out that if scientists had just started there, Ming could have lived on. Now, after examining the quahog     9    (closely), and     10    (use) more advanced methods, the researchers have found the animal was actually 100 years older than they first thought.

Dr Paul Butler, from the University’s School of Ocean Sciences, said: “We got it wrong the first time and maybe we were a bit hasty publishing our findings back then. But we are absolutely certain that we’ve got the right age now.” The mollusc was born in 1499 – just seven years after Columbus discovered America and before Henry VIII had even married his first wife, Catherine of Aragon in 1509.