1. What do we know about the man?
| A．He is surprised by what the woman says. |
| B．He trains old people to do physical exercise. |
| C．He is interested in reading geography books. |
| A．In the field. | B．In the park. | C．In the desert. |
| A．They can run for days. |
| B．They drink water while running. |
| C．They wear special running shoes. |
| A．We don’t think we can. | B．We lack determination. | C．We’re born different from them. |
2 . Time was, being called “nerd (书呆子)” was a bad thing.
That is happily different now, says Sarah Jane, director at the Port Angeles Fine Arts Center, which is home to the exhibit “Obsessed: The Art of Nerd-dom” through March 15. “I think the majority of my friends are nerdier than I am,” she said, “and I mean that in a ‘my friends are cooler than I am’ kind of way.”
Jane said the rise of the Internet certainly helped blossom, connecting people with common interests across geographies. Now, it’s almost mainstream—exhibitions of nerd culture fill convention halls, comic book superheroes and science fiction stories are the focus of blockbuster movies, and more.
“It has made being a nerd less of an isolating experience, and more of a community experience because you’re connecting with other people who have that shared interest,” she said.
Holladay, the co-curator (副馆长), spoke up in a meeting about what the coming exhibition season would look like.“I knew of another nerdy exhibition that had happened in LA recently... and I just thought ‘you know, I bet there are nerdy artists on the (Olympic) Peninsula and in Washington who have really quality work, where the subject matter might not fit into most exhibits’,” she said.
And she wasn’t surprised when they received plenty of recommendations.“My theory was that nerds are everywhere,” she said. “Once I got in touch with the right people, everyone was coming out of the woodwork.”
The exhibit features comic art, and things like Pokemon cards arranged in a collage (拼贴画). One work invites viewers to imagine the unique talents and abilities they have as superpowers they bring to the world. Holladay says the evolution of the idea of nerd culture has been positive over the past several years.
1. What is Sarah Jane’s attitude towards “nerds”?| A．Neutral. | B．Critical. | C．Appreciative. | D．Uncaring. |
| A．People’s varying views of nerd. |
| B．Movies’ great influence upon people. |
| C．The sufferings people have gone through. |
| D．The Internet connecting people with shared interests. |
| A．Springing out. | B．Getting out of the woods. |
| C．Rushing outside. | D．Expecting high quality of work. |
| A．The exhibition shows how being a “nerd” becomes good. |
| B．The nerd culture is always evolving positively. |
| C．Many unusual exhibitions are scheduled. |
| D．Another different culture appears recently. |
注意：1)词数100左右；
2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3)开头已给出，但不计入总词数。
Dear Fellow Students,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours Sincerely,
Li Hua
4 . How to fight your bad breath
More than 80 million people suffer from bad breath, according to the Academy of General Dentistry, a professional association of dentists from Canada and the United States.
Onions and garlic add flavor to many foods, but they also add odors (臭味) not easily brushed away. The substances that cause their bad smells make their way into your bloodstream and travel to your lungs, where you breathe them out. The best way to avoid the problem is to avoid such foods.
Avoid dry mouth.
Saliva (唾液) is the key thing in your mouth that helps keep the odor under control because it helps wash away bacteria.
Brush and floss (用牙线清洁).
Oral hygiene experts recommend you brush your teeth at least twice a day and floss at least once to reduce plaque (牙斑). The sticky buildup on your teeth collects bacteria that cause bad breath, and trapped food adds to the problem.
Brush your tongue.
| A．Avoid certain foods |
| B．Don’t overdo things, though |
| C．If you aren’t producing much saliva |
| D．Bacteria don’t just live on your teeth |
| E．Brush your teeth after you eat these foods |
| F．Although bad breath can happen because of medical reasons |
| G．If your bad breath is thought to be caused by a potential health condition |
5 . A single toy catches a child's attention for a limited period of time, but a box of items that allows a child to build their own toys will catch their imagination for years to come. This brilliant idea already exists in real product form, and it's called Toyi.
Toyi is described as an eco-friendly creative building kit, and it recently won the well-known IF Design Award. It came from Istanbul, Turkish, where a young female designer named Elif Atmaca first came up with the idea for it when she wanted to help the kids living in disadvantaged areas. These children do not have access to the variety of interesting toys that wealthier children do.
Toyi Atmaca's design allows children to transform what are around them into clever toys. It consists of sticks, junction parts, flexible connectors, toy body parts like feet, eyes, hands, and wheels that can be used to turn old water bottles, cups, boxes, towels, etc. into cute, clever, and unique playthings. This toy kit upcycles(升级利用) materials that would otherwise go to waste, turning a recycling bin into a treasure container.
“Our initial target was to deliver Toyi kits to only disadvantaged children in Turkish,” Atmaca told the media. But during a research conducted with around 300 children, .she realized that the restriction on being creative went beyond any boundary. “I saw that everything was planned and shaped by grown-ups, blocking the kids' imagination in a significant way,” said Atmaca.
Atmaca concluded that each kid needed space where he or she could freely create. She explained the entire process should be left to kids’ creativity, reminding teachers and all grown-ups that child-led play was an excellent way for children to develop lifelong skills.
Toyi's creators are now considering distributing the kits to as many children as possible around the world through different international NGOs. Atmaca notes that for each Toyi kit sold out, they will also donate one kit to a disadvantaged child through different partnerships around the world.
1. Why did Atmaca design Toyi at first?| A．To win the famous IF Design Award. |
| B．To help poor kids make their own toys. |
| C．To protect the environment in Istanbul. |
| D．To recycle all the waste in the dustbin. |
| A．A new picture of a young boy. | B．A computer with high technology. |
| C．A treasure container from a dustbin: | D．A six-armed “robot” from a water bottle. |
| A．It provides the kids various types of toys. |
| B．It offers space for the kids’ creative minds. |
| C．It changes the poor kids' living conditions. |
| D．It teaches the kids to share joys with others. |
| A．Donating toy kits to more poor children. |
| B．Selling toy kits to every kid in the world. |
| C．Designing new toy kits for kids and adults. |
| D．Doing further research on the kids' demands. |
6 . An air-conditioner has become a sign of middle-class status in developing nations. But as air-conditioners appear from windows and storefronts across the world, scientists are becoming increasingly alarmed about the impact of the gases on which they run.
The oldest CFC coolants used in air-conditioners, which are highly damaging to the ozone layer, have been largely rejected from use; and the newest ones, used widely in industrialized nations, have little or no effect on the ozone layer. But these newest gases have an another impact — they contribute to global warming thousands of times more than CO2 does, the standard greenhouse gas. Indeed, the leading scientists in the field have just calculated that if all the equipment entering the world market uses the newest gases currently employed in air-conditioners, up to 27 percent of all global warning will result from those gases by 2050.
So the treatment to cure one global environmental disaster is now seeding another. "There is precious little time to do something, to act," said Stephen O. Andersen, the co-chairman of an international organization's technical and economic advisory panel.
Promising technologies wait, blocked in the wings. In China and a few other countries, room air-conditioners using hydrocarbons — which cause little warming or ozone damage — are already coming off assembly lines in small numbers but have not yet been approved for sale, in part because the chemicals are flammable (易燃的).Yet in Europe, refrigerators that cool with hydrocarbons have been in use for years, and some companies in the United States, such as Pepsi and Ben and Jerry's, have recently changed in-store coolers from HFCs to hydrocarbons as part of sustainability plans. But the patent is being argued. And some governments have still not finished safety testing.
Mr. Wypior, whose agency is trying to promote climate-friendly air-conditioning industries in India and China, said: “The technologies are available. They're well known. They're proven— though not at scale. So why aren't we moving?”
1. What's Paragraph 2 mainly about?| A．Air-conditioners' influence on the ozone layer. |
| B．Scientist's efforts to control the greenhouse gases. |
| C．The seriousness of global warning faced by the whole world. |
| D．The harmful effect of the newest gases used in air-conditioners. |
| A．These newest gases are used in the wrong direction. |
| B．These newest gases should be banned from producing |
| C．These newest gases will lead to global warming. |
| D．These newest gases carry both benefits and harms.. |
| A．Hydrocarbons are mainly used in refrigerators. |
| B．People are still arguing about their security. |
| C．Hydrocarbons are not friendly to the environment. |
| D．Most countries haven't mastered the related technologies. |
| A．Positive. | B．Negative. |
| C．Unconcerned. | D．Indifferent. |
1. What does the woman tell the man?
| A．She will order later. |
| B．She first travels to China. |
| C．She learns to cook Chinese food. |
| A．Fried rice. | B．Roast duck. | C．Roast potatoes. |
| A．Free milk. |
| B．The dancing performance. |
| C．The piano performance. |
Wild Chinese sturgeon ( 鲟) are thought to have lived at the same time as dinosaurs and among the first class of protected animals in China. Last week, a wild Chinese sturgeon, which is believed to be the
The Chinese sturgeon “Houfu” ,
When the fish
Nicknamed “Aquatic giant pandas” and
