1 . 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

I needed to do something in my community (社区) in order to complete the community service hours required to graduate from high school. Some of my friends had signed up to spend time at a soup kitchen, so I did, too. It seemed like a good thing to do.

I thought that we would just be passing out dinners to those in need, but I found out we would be doing everything from preparing to serving the dinner. We began preparing the food, from mixing salad dressing to separating frozen meat. Much still needed to be done before dinner was served, but already outside the building many homeless people were gathering. It wasn’t until a couple of hours later that we opened the doors and began serving dinner.

As the line of people came toward me, I got a little scared. I’d come face to face with the homeless: How should I act? How would they treat me? Would they hate me for having more than they did? While some of the people looked very friendly, some of them looked so dangerous. I didn’t have too much time to worry about it. I was assigned (分配) to serve the salad with the lady next to me. She smiled at me and said if I needed help, she’d be right there, which I found quite comforting.

I had never seen so many people wanting food. They were of all ages and nationalities. Most of them wore clothes that were torn and dirty. Some looked like they had tally given up on life, while others seemed to be making the best of the situation, smiling and joking. Some were better off than others, but they all needed a good meal and a warm place to eat. It saddened me to think of how many people there were who didn’t have a place to call home and the only food they got came from a soup kitchen.

注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2. 至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1:

As they came in my direction, I put on my brightest and happiest smile.

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Paragraph 2:

I was so happy that I had earned my service hours in this way.

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2 . One of the curious things about social networks is the way that some messages, pictures, or ideas can spread like wildfire while others that seem just as catchy or interesting barely register at all.

Before you go deep into the puzzle, consider this: If you measure the height of your male friends, for example, the average is about 170 centimeters. You are 172 and your friends are all about the same height as you are. Indeed, the mathematical concept of “average” is a good way to capture the nature of this data set.

But imagine that one of your friends was much taller than you. This person would dramatically skew the average, which would make your friends taller than you, on average. In this case, the “average” is a poor way to capture this data set.

Exactly this situation occurs on social networks. On average, your coauthors will be cited more often than you, and the people you follow will post more frequently than you, and so on.

Now Lerman from University of Southern California has discovered a related paradox, which they call the majority illusion. They illustrate this illusion with an example. They take 14 nodes linked up to form a small network. They then color three of these nodes and count how many of the remaining nodes link to them in a single step.

In one situation, the uncolored nodes see more than half of their neighbors as colored. This is the majority illusion — the local impression that a specific feature is common when the global truth is entirely different.

So how popular is it in the real world? It’s found out that the majority illusion occurs in almost all network scenarios. “The effect is largest in the political blogs network, where 60% of nodes will have majority active neighbours, even when only 20% of the nodes are truly active,” says Lerman.

It immediately explains many interesting phenomena. For a start, it shows how some content can spread globally while other similar content does not — the key is to start with a small number of well-connected early adopters fooling the rest of the network into thinking it is common. The affected nodes then find it natural to follow the trend. A real spread finally comes into being.

But it is not yet a marketer’s charter. For that, marketers must first identify the popular nodes that can create the majority illusion for the target audience. These influencers must then be persuaded to adopt the desired behavior or product, which is essential to the prospect of the marketing plan.

1. The phrase skew the average in the passage most probably refers to the action of ________.

A．hiding the real average to be unrecognizable to others

B．producing an average against the general feature of data

C．working out the common feature suggested by the average

D．ignoring the average because of the frequency by which it is reviewed

2. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A．Majority illusion rarely has impacts except in political blogs field.

B．The majority illusion on social networks relies on that people you follow post more than you.

C．The essence of successful opinion spread is to initiate the trend with well-connected sharers.

D．The spread scale of ideas on networks mainly depends on the quality of content.

3. To guarantee the success of marketing promotion, it’s vital to ________.

A．thoroughly understand the concept of majority illusion

B．accurately figure out who is the powerful person to affect others

C．definitely decide who are the target audience for the promotion

D．successfully convince the influencers to practice certain action

4. What is most probably the title of the passage?

A．The social network vision that tricks your mind.

B．Who is stealing your network identity?

C．Minority network opinion spread, curse or blessing?

D．Have you been misled during the last political voting?

3 . Every decision we make is arrived at through hugely complex neurological processing. Although it feels as though you have a choice, the action that you ‘decide’ to take is entirely directed by automatic neural activity. Brain imaging studies show that a person’s action can be predicted by their brain activity up to 10 seconds before they themselves become aware they are going to act. Multiple neuroscientific studies show that even those important decisions that feel worked out are just as automatic as knee-jerk reactions (膝跳反应) (although more complex).

Decision-making starts with the amygdala: a set of two almond-shaped nuclei (杏仁状核) buried deep within the brain, which generate emotion. The amygdala registers the information streaming in through our senses and responds to it in less than a second, sending signals throughout the brain. These produce an urge to run, fight, freeze or grab, according to how the amygdala values various stimuli.

Before we act on the amygdala’s signals, however, the information is usually processed by other brain areas, including some that produce conscious thoughts and emotions. Areas concerned with recognition work out what’s going on, those concerned with memory compare it with previous experiences, and those concerned with reasoning, judging and planning get to work on constructing various action plans. The best plan—if we are lucky—is then selected and carried out. If any of this process goes wrong, we are likely to hesitate, or do something silly.

The various stages of decision-making are marked by different types of brain activity. Fast (gamma)waves, with frequencies of 25 to 100 Hz, produce a keen awareness of the multiple factors that need to be taken into account to arrive at a decision. If you are trying to choose a sandwich, for instance, gamma waves generated in various cells within the ‘taste’ area of the brain bring to mind and compare the taste of ham, hummus, wholemeal, sourdough, and so on. Although it may seem useful to be aware of the full range of choice, too much information makes decision-making more difficult, so irrelevant factors get dismissed quickly and unconsciously.

After this comparison stage, the brain switches to slow-wave activity (12 to 30 Hz). This extinguishes most of the gamma activity, leaving just a single ‘hotspot’ of gamma waves which marks the chosen option.

Although there is no ‘you’ outside your brain to direct what it’s doing, you can help it to make good decisions by placing yourself in a situation which is likely to make the process run more smoothly. Doing something that is physically or mentally stimulating before making a decision will help your brain produce the initial gamma waves that generate awareness of the competing options. Getting over-excited, on the other hand, will prevent the switch to the slow brainwaves, making it much harder to single out a choice.

1. Why does the writer mention “knee-jerk reactions” in the first paragraph?

A．To introduce the finding of the latest brain imaging studies.

B．To illustrate that decisions are not consciously thought out.

C．To call attention to a kind of neural reaction that is not very complex.

D．To show the difference between decision-making and other brain activity.

2. What does the amygdala do according to the passage?

A．It works out conscious thoughts and emotions.

B．It selects the best action plan for a given situation.

C．It dismisses factors that are irrelevant to the decision to be made.

D．It processes sensory information and generates emotional responses.

3. What can be concluded from paragraphs 4 and 5?

A．Slow-wave activity usually lasts longer than fast-wave activity.

B．The brain prioritizes information before settling on a final choice.

C．Decision-making is difficult when slow-wave activity occurs first.

D．The brain needs as much information as possible to make a decision.

4. How does engaging in stimulating activities help the decision-making process?

A．By preparing the brain to single out the most reasonable choice.

B．By helping the brain switch to slow-wave activity more quickly.

C．By getting the brain to focus on those most relevant alternatives.

D．By making the brain more aware of the factors and choices involved.

4 . When you ask people to judge others by their speech, a trend emerges: Listeners dislike disfluency. Slow talkers producing loads of ums and pauses(停顿)are generally perceived as less charming. But science tells us there may be even more to disfluency.

Disfluencies do not occur in arbitrary positions in sentences. Ums typically occur right before more difficult or low-frequency words. Imagine you’re having dinner with a friend at a restaurant,and there’re three items on the table: a knife, a glass, and a wine decanter(醒酒器). Your friend turns to you and says, “Could you hand me the...um...” What would you assume they want? Since it’s unlikely that they will hesitate before such common words as knife, and glass, chances are you’ll pick up the decanter and ask, “You mean this?”

This is exactly what we demonstrated through controlled eye-tracking studies in our lab. Apparently, listeners hear the um and predict that an uncommon word is most likely to follow.Such predictions, though, reflect more than just simple association between disfluencies and difficult words; listeners are actively considering from the speaker’s point of view. For example, when hearing a non-native speaker say the same sentence but with a thick foreign accent, listeners don’t show a preference for looking at low-frequency objects. This is probably because listeners assume non-native speakers may have as much trouble coming up with the English word for a common object, like a knife, as for unusual ones and can’t guess their intention.

In another experiment, listeners were presented with an atypical speaker who produced disfluencies before simple words and never before difficult words. Initially, participants displayed the natural predictive strategy: looking at uncommon objects. However, as more time went by, and they gained experience with this atypical distribution of disfluencies, listeners started to demonstrate the contrary predictive behavior: They tended to look at simple objects when hearing the speaker say um.

These findings represent further evidence that the human brain is a prediction machine: We continuously try to predict what will happen next, even though not all disfluencies are created equal.

1. What does the underlined word “arbitrary”mean in paragraph 2?

A．Random.

B．Strategic.

C．Obvious.

D．Consistent

2. What does the author say about the non-native speakers?

A．They can be understood easily.	B．They actively put themselves in others’ shoes
C．Their vocabularies are limited.	D．Their disfluencies are a little less predictive.

3. What does the experiment in paragraph 4 show?

A．Simple things are difficult in some cases.	B．Listeners can adjust predictions accordingly.
C．Distribution of disfluencies is changeable.	D．Disfluencies in communication can be avoided.

4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A．Pauses Coexist with Prediction.	B．Brains Are Powerful Prediction Machines.
C．Active Listeners Simplify Talks.	D．Disfluency Says More Than You Think.

5 . How to Feel Connected

It's easy to feel disconnected from what is going on around you in today's fast-paced world.     1     You can get in touch and feel connected, however, by following the tips below:

Consider why you feel disconnected. Knowing what is making you feel disconnected can help you choose the best ways to address it.     2     Ask yourself these questions: Are you keeping yourself occupied with work too much? Do you rely on electronic communication instead of face to face communication? Do you lack friendships that are satisfying?

Interact with people in person. Technology is a great way to stay in touch, but sometimes you need to spend time with other people in person.     3     You can also take steps to feel more connected by making small-talk with strangers who are sharing parts of your day.

    4    

Your loved ones could feel shy, so you may never know how to improve your relationship unless you ask the right questions. Asking them to open the doors can give you some insight on what you can do. Learning this information can help to strengthen your bond.

Show your commitment to them. Simply showing up and being there for your loved ones says a lot about how much you value your relationships. Putting in the time shows them that you are committed and want to stay connected.     5    

Show appreciation. A simple “thank you” goes a very long way. Unfortunately, it is something that people who are close often take for granted. Telling someone you appreciate their time, love, and efforts can strengthen your bond and help you to become more connected.

A．Ask others what they need from you.

B．Sometimes you can feel isolated and distant from the ones you love.

C．Be brave to express your love.

D．Reach out to people to schedule a time to get together.

E．Attending family events, or simply visiting someone once a week can help to strengthen your relationship and keep it strong.

F．Targeting your efforts toward those issues allows you to close that distance more effectively.

G．You can have a gift delivered to friends on special occasions.

6 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Jean’s dream was to be a great chef, so when she was 20, she travelled to France, which has the most famous cuisine in the world, to learn to cook. After twelve years, she was among the best.

Her father, Bob, was getting old, and she wanted to be near him. Jean accepted an offer from one of Washington’s top restaurants. The manager offered her a handsome salary, and 30% ownership of the restaurant. The next day, Jean went to sign the contract. As she got out of the car, she caught sight of a green sunshade. Instead of going to meet the manager, she crossed the street towards the old restaurant, Fargonetti’s. She pushed open the door and the memories came flooding back.

Jean’s mum died when she was just 11, and her father lost his job and was forced to freelance (从事自由职业). Money was very short. When Jean turned thirteen, Bob had made a reservation at Fargonetti’s, the capital’s best restaurant.

“I’m not hungry, baby girl. I had a huge breakfast,” Bob said. “This is all for you!” “Oh,” Jean cried. “Daddy was so silly! He’s been saving to come here for lunch for MONTHS and now he ruined his appetite with breakfast!” The waiter, Carl Bader, immediately realised what was going on and went to Mr Fargonetti, the restaurant owner, and told him about Jean and Bob.

An hour later, surprisingly, the waiter brought wonderful dishes and set them before the father and daughter. “Lunch is on the house with Mr Fargoneti’s compliments (致意),” Carl said. For Bob and Jean, it was a free but magical meal. They were on cloud nine when they walked out. “Jean,“ said Bob happily. “I feel our luck has changed!” And it did! The next day, one of Bob’s old friends called and offered him a job at a new magazine, and Jean believed Fargonetti’s had made it all happen. That was when she decided to become a chef!

Twenty years later, the old restaurant looked run-down and sad, but Jean recognised the waiter immediately. “Carl?” she asked delightedly.

注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

The man looked surprised.

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Jean was staring at Carl and a brilliant idea was taking shape in her mind.

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7 . Language studies traditionally have paid much attention to verbal and written language. But recently they have begun to consider language without _______ , for people regard nonverbal(非言语的) _______ as having meaning. Nonverbal acts either accompany verbal messages are used _______ . They may support or even contradict _______ messages. They are more likely to be used _______ because they are habitual and routine behaviors.

In some _______ , people express more nonverbally than verbally. If you ask an obviously depressed person, “What’s wrong?”, and he answers, “Nothing. I’m fine, ”you probably won’t _______ him. When an angry person says, “Let’s _______ the subject. I don’t want to talk about it anymore!” actually he hasn’t _______ communicating. His withdrawal and ________ continue to convey emotional meaning.

One study showed that 93 percent of the ________ was communicated by the tone of the ________ and facial expressions, while only 7 percent of the speaker’s attitude was conveyed by words. It is ________ that we express our emotions and attitudes more nonverbally than verbally.

Nonverbal communication expresses ________ or feeling beyond words. Universal emotions, such as happiness, fear, and sadness, are expressed in a ________ nonverbal way throughout the world. There are, however, nonverbal differences across cultures that may be a source of ________ for foreigners. For example, feelings of friendship ________ everywhere but their expression ________ . It may be acceptable in some countries for men to embrace each other and for women to hold hands; in other countries these acts of ________ may be shocking.

What is acceptable in one culture may be completely unacceptable in another. In order to correctly ________ another culture’s style of communication, it is necessary to study the ”silent language“ of that culture.

1.

A．hearing

B．learning

C．words

D．records

2.

A．skills

B．behaviors

C．tests

D．measures

3.

A．partly

B．independently

C．temporarily

D．frankly

4.

A．official

B．native

C．common

D．spoken

5.

A．unconsciously

B．secretly

C．uncommonly

D．particularly

6.

A．communication

B．question

C．competition

D．description

7.

A．guess

B．believe

C．know

D．help

8.

A．debate on

B．regard to

C．forget about

D．deal with

9.

A．started

B．continued

C．required

D．stopped

10.

A．patience

B．reflection

C．attention

D．silence

11.

A．body

B．impression

C．message

D．decision

12.

A．life

B．voice

C．respect

D．music

13.

A．appropriate

B．desirable

C．apparent

D．vital

14.

A．meaning

B．purpose

C．value

D．truth

15.

A．positive

B．practical

C．different

D．similar

16.

A．confusion

B．inspiration

C．suggestion

D．depression

17.

A．remain

B．exist

C．return

D．flow

18.

A．disappears

B．matches

C．delays

D．varies

19.

A．affection

B．courage

C．aggression

D．modesty

20.

A．make

B．direct

C．interpret

D．establish

8 . On a bright sunny day, I stared my day off by volunteering at the L. A. Food Bank. My reason for volunteering at the food bank was to satisfy my need to help others and leave a _________, however small a difference it is, in someone’s world. As I_________the food bank, there were lots of people there. The room appeared to be _________as people waited in lines to _________with coordinators (协调员). Everybody volunteering began heading quickly to their given _________ after checking in. Coordinators _________ me to repackage donated food items (物品) from local food drives after being sorted and _________ by other volunteer. When I _________ the donated food items, each bag had to _________ the correct amount of food items. As a team. we effectively worked similarly to a __________assembly (装配) line as the items continuously moved down the __________to volunteers. We __________placed the food items into bags before the table would get overcrowded. My __________ was that all this hard work and effort would be worth it by allowing us to __________ those in need. My task required a lot of __________ when trying to work swiftly with my hands while ensuring that items placed in bags were correctly __________·Here I had a chance to communicate with a variety of people while improving my __________ skills .We worked together as a team to __________ that our task was going effectively.

By helping pack food items. I was able to make as significant impact on my community by helping people fight __________ and giving them hope for a better life. After this experience, I feel a sense of __________within me which does not usually happen.

1.

A．change

B．message

C．blank

D．chance

2.

A．established

B．examined

C．entered

D．equipped

3.

A．shabby

B．steady

C．tidy

D．noisy

4.

A．check in

B．give up

C．show off

D．move out

5.

A．aid

B．duties

C．awards

D．test

6.

A．appointed

B．begged

C．forced

D．persuaded

7.

A．consumed

B．inspected

C．searched

D．replaced

8.

A．abandoned

B．delivered

C．packed

D．explored

9.

A．represent

B．shelter

C．deserve

D．contain

10.

A．studio

B．factory

C．museum

D．theatre

11.

A．bank

B．list

C．step

D．row

12.

A．quickly

B．secretly

C．casually

D．anxiously

13.

A．burden

B．thought

C．regret

D．interest

14.

A．recognize

B．welcome

C．help

D．visit

15.

A．focus

B．respect

C．wisdom

D．ambition

16.

A．understood

B．counted

C．led

D．heard

17.

A．leadership

B．technical

C．social

D．business

18.

A．prove

B．discover

C．stress

D．guarantee

19.

A．fear

B．loneliness

C．hunger

D．doubt

20.

A．direction

B．identity

C．belonging

D．satisfaction

9 . 为展示春季校园的魅力和风采，你校学生会将举办校园微视频大赛，现向全校学生征集微视频作品。作为学生会主席，请你写一则作品征集通知发布于校英语专栏。要点如下：
1．活动目的；
2．作品要求；
3．截止日期和作品提交方式。
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：微视频 micro-video
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10 . It seemed interesting that on the eve of Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s departure for France, the Indian and French governments issued similar statements on the prospects of an agreement on the purchase of the Rafale aircraft: that no single deal should be allowed to overshadow the Prime Minister’s visit. Indeed, India-France relations are much bigger than any one contract; they represent the cultural affinityl (密切关系) and historic relations between two vibrant (醒目的) democracies. The items on the Prime Minister’s agenda reflected the range of commonalities — from the preservation of ancient architecture to the development of Puducherry and Chandigarh as smart cities; from the construction of semi-high-speed railway lines to cooperation on a space mission to Mars; from discussing anti-terror training to tackling climate change through renewable technologies and a robust nuclear partnership. The economic aspect of the relationship has been ignored for too long. Although more than a thousand French companies have a total investment of about $20 billion in India, bilateral trade is worth just $8 billion. While all this deserved attention, it was disappointing that the Prime Minister put the spotlight back on defence ties by making a surprise announcement on the purchase of 36 Rafale aircraft as the highlight of his talks with President Francois Hollande. If the outright purchase was a crucial military necessity, it could have been discussed a few weeks before or after the visit, as a political push for the deal was secondary to the technical specifications and delivery requirements. Moreover, the deal, which involves purchasing products off the shelf abroad, detracts from Mr. Modi’s “Make in India” initiative (主动性).

The breakthrough on the Areva nuclear equipment deal, on the other hand, shows the positive outcome of Mr. Modi’s and Mr. Hollande’s political push, combined with a “Make in India” twist. As in the case of Indo-U.S. nuclear negotiations, Mr. Modi and Mr. Hollande decided to clear the logjam by splitting the problem into different silos — allowing for separate mechanisms for the pricing issues and for the technical and legal aspects. The supplementary deal involving Areva and L&T producing heavy forging metal casing for nuclear reactors is an important step in localising some of the expensive parts. During his visit to Canada, where he hopes to sign a deal for uranium supplies, Mr. Modi means to take forward his plan to increase nuclear energy production. Given this objective, it may be useful for him to round off the visit by discussing his nuclear energy plans in Germany as well, which is now winding down on nuclear power but is at the cutting edge of nuclear safety research for the European Pressurised Reactors that are being considered for India.

1. Which of the following got the whole attention other than many important deals?

A．Cooperation on a space mission to Mars.	B．Anti-terror training.
C．Purchase of Rafale Fighters.	D．General VK Singh’s remark on the Press.

2. Which of the following option is on the agenda of the Prime Minister Narendra Modi as stated above?

A．Preservation of ancient architecture.

B．Development of Puducherry and Chandigarh as smart cities.

C．Construction of semi-high-speed railway lines.

D．All of the above.

3. Choose an appropriate Title for the above passage:       .

A．The Big Deal

B．Modi’s Success

C．Modi’s tour to France

D．Rafale and beyond

4. Which of the following is the meaning of the word ‘logjam’?

A．A long traffic jam during Prime Minister Modi’s visit.

B．A state of mind where you cannot decide what to do.

C．A situation that seems like unable to be settled.

D．A place from where The French President used to work.