4 . The Heineken Young Scientists Awards are awarded every two years to four highly promising young researchers working in the Netherlands. The winners are selected from four fields of science: Medical/Biomedical Sciences, Humanities, Natural Sciences and Social Sciences. The award includes a cash prize of EUR 10,000 and a work of art. The award was created in 2010 by Charlene L. De Carvalho-Heineken.

Fleur Jongepier

Fleur Jongepier (1986), connected to Radboud University Nijmegen, has been awarded the Heineken Young Scientists Award 2022 in the field of Humanities. Jongepier is able to combine high-level fundamental research with an active and important role in the current social debate.

Jordi Turai Brugues

Jordi Turai Brugues (1987), connected to the Lorentz Institute at Leiden University, has been awarded the Heineken Young Scientists Award 2022 in the field of Natural Sciences. He has made pioneering contributions to the theory of quantum (量子). An important step for the further development of the quantum computer and the quantum Internet.

Liesbeth van Vliet

Liesbeth van Vliet (1985), connected to Leiden University, has been awarded the Heineken Young Scientists Award 2022 in the field of Social Sciences. She was praised her important contribution to improving the quality of healthcare for seriously ill patients, thanks to better communication between doctor and patient.

Laura Kervezee

Laura Kervezee (1989), who works at Leiden University Medical Centre, has been awarded the Heineken Young Scientists Award 2022 in the field of Medical/Biomedical Sciences. The knowledge that Kervezee provides gives insight into ways of keeping the biological clock healthy in our 24-hour society and other situations in which the clock becomes disturbed, such as when ageing or in hospital.

1. What do we know about the Heineken Young Scientists Awards from the text?

A．There have been about 100 winners so far.

B．Four scientists are awarded every two years.

C．The four winners are awarded EUR 10,000 in total.

D．Whoever makes great contributions is likely to be awarded.

2. Who has been awarded for his/her contribution in medicine?

A．Fleur Jongepier.

B．Jordi Turai Brugues.

C．Liesbeth van Vliet.

D．Laura Kervezee.

3. What do the four scientists have in common?

A．They are all in their thirties.	B．They are all from the Netherlands.
C．They all serve in the same university.	D．They all major in the same field of science.

6 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

I was eight years old and wasn’t aware of all the arrangements being made for our journey as a family to London in 1950. My mother was in great pain and wished to visit specialists in London. My father reluctantly had to sell our property in Queensland. The day before we boarded the ship, Father unwillingly said goodbye to his five-year-old cattle dog, Spider, who was loved by us all. Father’s friend Sandy was to be his guardian while we were overseas, as he had been getting to know Spider for many weeks.

Six weeks later, an airletter arrived from Sandy, giving my father the news that Spider had run away just two weeks after we had sailed. Sandy had advertised constantly on ABC and other regional newspapers. Despite many “sightings”, the dog was never found. It seems Spider just kept running and searching for us. As he was cattle dog, my father thought he would shoe or dingo-trapped, because of his appearance. But our family thought that Father held a secrets hope that Spider was still alive.

We sailed back to Australia two years later and re-established our home. My father immediately began his own search for Spider. One cold winter’s Saturday morning eight months after our return, my father had a call from an elderly lady living on her own on the outskirts of the town. As she told my father on the telephone, it was “just glimpses of a dingo-type dog in the shadows” of her disused tennis court. That was enough for my father to interrupt my homework.   

We set off in his blue and black Jensen car which he had brought back from England. It was hardly the right vehicle for the rough roads we travelled that day. Five and a half hours later, we found the run-down old property. Sadly, she told my father that the “dingo dog” hadn’t been around for a few days. My father had a strange look in his eye. He put two fingers to his lips and did his special whistle for Spider.

注意：
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Suddenly there was a sound in the bush.
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Once home we had the task of getting all the prickles (刺) off him.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8 . When people are stressed, anxious or depressed, they are unlikely to make healthy lifestyle choices. They may be more likely to smoke more, not be physically active, drink too much alcohol and sleep too little or too much.     1     If you’re struggling with depression, stress or anxiety, taking the following key steps can help.

To begin with, identify the cause of your depression, stress or anxiety and address it.     2     However, if it goes on for two weeks or more, you may need to seek professional help. Depression is a problem when it causes feelings of sadness and/or a loss of interest in activities you once enjoyed. It can lead to various emotional and physical problems.

    3     If you aren’t in the habit of exercising, start gradually. Something as simple as taking a walk, 30 minutes a day, can help your heart. Physical activity improves your mood while you’re doing it. Regular physical activity can also improve your mental well-being, lower the risk of depression and improve your life quality.

Thirdly, make healthy lifestyle changes one at a time.     4     That’s especially true if one of the habits you want to break is smoking. Quitting smoking can be difficult. If you smoke, talk with your health care professional to determine if you need help.

Ultimately, you have to take care of yourself to break the cycle of feeling down.     5     Or it could be doing something structured, such as yoga or tai chi.

A．Don’t try to fix everything at once.

B．At times you may feel down for a couple of days.

C．Meanwhile, choose healthy habits and don’t rush it.

D．It is important to stay heart healthy, even when you’re down.

E．Over time, these unhealthy behaviors can increase the risk for heart disease.

F．That could be something you can do anywhere, such as listening to music or reading a book.

G．Depression and anxiety can also lead to heart diseases, including heart failure, stroke and heart attack.

9 . “FIND YOUR PASSION (热爱)! ”   This inspiring instruction suggests it’s important to discover what truly excites us in life. But is it good advice?

Science tells us that passions are developed. They can be raised through curiosity and repeated practices. Our first interest can be developed into a true passion with positive experiences. But “finding” a passion means that it already exists and is waiting to be discovered. This misunderstanding can hold people back. Fortunately, our latest research shows there are ways to encourage a more open outlook about it.

To study these ideas, we use a framework of “fixed” and “growth” mindsets: fixed mindset sees interests as unchangeable, while a growth mindset views interests and passions as developed. A growth mindset of interest comes with many advantages, while a fixed mindset may discourage exploration. In one study, after we excited participants’(参与者的) interest in a topic of black holes with an easy-to-understand video, people with a fixed mindset came to dislike the topic when faced with a technical article. Those with a growth mindset kept their new-found interest despite the difficulty.

So can a growth mindset of interest be taught? We published findings with 700 liberal arts undergraduates, most of whom held limited interest in math and science. We offered students either our intervention (干预) or a study skills module. The intervention included reading and reflective writing activities that helped students think about interests and passions as developed rather than found and fixed. For example, students wrote a paragraph about a case when they developed interest in a new activity. The study skills module, meanwhile, stressed practices such as time management. By the end of the school year, the students who had received the intervention were more interested in their required math and science courses——and earned better grades in those courses—than their study skills peers.

While our intervention offers a way for schools to support their students, we also believe people can independently build up a growth mindset of interest. Realize that passions aren’t waiting to be “found.” Take an active role in developing them.

1. What does “this misunderstanding” underlined in paragraph 2 refer to?

A．Passions can be developed with more practices.

B．Interest is of great help to build up confidence.

C．Passions are fixed and wait to be uncovered.

D．Interest can be discouraged by repeated work.

2. Why does the author mention the “black holes” study?

A．To make a prediction.	B．To show the difference.
C．To protest a decision.	D．To explain the rule.

3. What can we learn about the study from paragraph 4?

A．Students were grouped based on types of mindset.

B．Reflective writings helped students build up interest.

C．Study skills were used to reduce students’ stress.

D．Better grades contributed to one’s favour to a subject.

4. Which of the following does the author probably agree with?

A．Love what you do, and you’ll keep going and become better.

B．Find what you love, and you’ll never have to work a day.

C．It can always be easy and exciting to dig into new areas.

D．It is much better to get lost in the passion than to lose it.