1 . Strunino is a small town in Russia,which has about 200 people. People there don’t have to worry about buying bread thanks to a local store owner, bread has been given away (赠送) for free for eight years.
Mamoud has a small store in Strunino. About 8 years ago, Mamoud saw an old lady counting coins to pay for only a piece of bread. He felt sorry for the poor people and gave her the bread for free. That day, he made the decision to print coupons (优惠券). With them, poor people in Strunino could get white or black bread at his store. To make sure that people knew about his offer, he advertised (做广告) it in a local paper.
But that was only the beginning. Soon, Mamoud decided to offer bread to people with disabilities, large families with little money, and homeless people. News spread quickly, and soon poor people from neighboring villages started coming by his shop to receive coupons. Today, the store in Strunino gives away around 2,000 pieces of white bread and 1,000 pieces of black bread, every month.
Some people say that Mamoud’s kindness is a way to honor (表示敬意) his grandfather, but the man says that he just wants to make poor people’s life a little easier.
1. What does Mamoud do?| A．He is a farmer. | B．He is a doctor. | C．He is a writer. | D．He is a store owner. |
| A．in the local newspaper | B．on the TV program |
| C．from the police | D．on the local radio |
| A．Because he was very rich. |
| B．Because he wanted to be famous in his town. |
| C．Because he wanted to make poor people’s life a little easier. |
| D．Because he wanted to honor his grandfather. |
| A．kind | B．humorous | C．confident | D．hard-working |
I was very
From now on, I’ll pay more attention
3 . There was a time when an event would not begin without a photographer. “I remember the days when event organizers would even delay a show if the photographer was running late,” says Balachandra Raju, a photographer of Sathyam Studio, a still surviving photo studio in India’s southern city of Chennai.
Photo studios are facing extinction in the digital age. But as they struggle to continue doing the business, one research project is looking at ways to preserve their legacy (遗产) by digitizing archival pictures.
The project, funded by the British Library, visited around 100 photo studios across the south Indian state of Tamil Nadu and digitized 10,000 prints. Many of the photos were taken between 1880 and 1980, and they ranged from pictures of families and famous stars to weddings and funerals. “The digital archive will be useful for those interested in history,” said Zoe E. Headley, one of the researchers. Ramesh Kumar, another researcher on the project, called it a “gold mine” for photographers. “The research we’ve done also highlights production techniques used before digital photography arrived in our cities and towns,” he said.
However, the researchers would often find old photos piled on top of one another in the storage room of a studio. “No one had bothered to clean them,” Kumar said, adding that many photos had been damaged due to the hot and wet weather in Tamil Nadu.
The owner of Nallapillai Studio in central Tamil Nadu said he spends about 20,000 rupees (￡230, $310) each month to run the studio that was founded by his great grandfather almost 150 years ago. To survive in this digital age has been a struggle. “Many customers don’t book us for special events anymore,” he said, adding that they have all got smartphones to do the job. “I’m not sure if photo studios will exist five years from now,” he said. But this is why, according to Mr Raju, this archival project is so important.
1. What’s the main purpose of the archival project?| A．To protect the legacy of photo studios. | B．To slow down the extinction of photo studios. |
| C．To search for better ways of taking photos. | D．To visit all the photo studios across the India. |
| A．Photo studios can attract many visitors. |
| B．Photographers can have a good working place. |
| C．Photographers get to learn about old photography techniques. |
| D．Photo studios have the chance to take pictures of famous stars. |
| A．They are operating quite well . | B．They gave old photos little protection. |
| C．Some were protected from hot and wet weather. | D．They were always booked for special events. |
| A．Creative. | B．Fruitless. | C．Meaningful. | D．Unsatisfactory. |
I am most interested in people, in meeting them and finding out about them.
Reading is a pleasure of the mind, which means that it is a little like a sport: your eagerness and knowledge and quickness make you a good reader. Reading is fun, not because the writer is telling you something, but because it makes your mind work.
Every book stands by itself, like a one-family house, but books in a library are like houses in a city.
| A．If I am interested in people |
| B．Reading can only be fun if you expect it to be |
| C．all the stories that have delighted mankind for centuries |
| D．Although they are separate, together they all add up to something |
| E．Your own imagination works along with the author’s or even goes beyond his |
| F．Some of the most remarkable people I’ve met existed only in a writer’s imagination |
| G．as a result of reading, better, wiser, kinder, or gentler, you won’t have suffered during the process |
1. 讲座主题：The World Wildlife Day；
2. 时间、地点及讲座内容。
注意：1. 词数为 80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Notice
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________The Student Council
March, 1
The tourist area lies along the most charming section of the upper reaches of the Yellow River, with magnificent natural scenery and splendid civilization. Thanks to
As the largest stone grottoes in Gansu Province, the Bingling Temple Grottoes are a world cultural heritage with a history
With the grotto murals and stone statues of different historical periods, the Bingling Temple Grottoes are believed
7 . Growing up in Mauritius, I love nature. Behind my house, there is a mountain named Le Pouce, where I spent much time
When I was about 10, this started to change. I began learning about the
Gradually, I realized how much humans
Diving plays a big part in my life now, and I work to
Protecting the ocean is very
| A．exploring | B．transforming | C．extending | D．constructing |
| A．shifted | B．appeared | C．stretched | D．stopped |
| A．destroyed | B．surrounded | C．covered | D．represented |
| A．scared | B．excited | C．addicted | D．disappointed |
| A．progress | B．threat | C．opportunity | D．image |
| A．avoiding | B．counting | C．highlighting | D．considering |
| A．then | B．yet | C．thus | D．moreover |
| A．lead | B．follow | C．recognize | D．prevent |
| A．efficiency | B．awareness | C．memory | D．confidence |
| A．paid back | B．adapted to | C．depended on | D．kept up |
| A．mood | B．imagination | C．hobby | D．experience |
| A．turn down | B．hold back | C．add up | D．contribute to |
| A．introduction | B．influence | C．advertisement | D．prediction |
| A．risky | B．impractical | C．shocking | D．crucial |
| A．join | B．respect | C．teach | D．guide |
8 . What’s On?
Electric Underground
7:30 pm - 1:00 am Free at the Cyclops Theatre
Do you know who’s playing in your area? We’re bringing you an evening of live rock and pop music from the best local bands. Are you interested in becoming a musician and getting a recording contract (合同)? If so, come early to the talk at 7:30 pm by Jules Skye, a successful record producer. He’s going to talk about how you can find the right person to produce you music.
Gee Whizz
8:30 pm - 10:30 pm Comedy at Kaleidoscope
Come and see Gee Whizz perform. He’s the funniest stand-up comedian on the comedy scene. This joyful show will please everyone, from the youngest to the oldest. Gee Whizz really knows how to make you laugh! Our bar is open from 7:00 pm for drinks and snacks.
Simon’s Workshop
5:00 pm - 7:30 pm Wednesdays at Victoria Stage
This is a good chance for anyone who wants to learn how to do comedy. The workshop looks at every kind of comedy, and practices many different ways of making people laugh. Simon is a comedian and actor who has 10 years’ experience of teaching comedy. His workshops are exciting and fun. An evening with Simon will give you the confidence to be funny.
Charlotte Stone
8:00 pm - 11:00 pm Pizza World
Fine food with beautiful jazz music; this is a great evening out. Charlotte Stone will perform songs from her new best-selling CD, with James Pickering on the piano. The menu is Italian, with excellent meat and fresh fish, pizzas and pasta (面食). Book early to get a table. Our bar is open all day, and serves cocktails, coffee, beer, and white wine.
1. Who can help you if you want to have your music produced?| A．Jules Skye. | B．Gee Whizz. | C．Charlotte Stone. | D．James Pickering. |
| A．It requires membership status. | B．It lasts three hours each time. |
| C．It is run by a comedy club. | D．It is held every Wednesday. |
| A．The Cyclops Theatre. | B．Kaleidoscope. | C．Victoria Stage. | D．Pizza World. |
9 . Family Kayaking
Price: £37 Adult; £21 Child (8 — 16 Years)Dates: April-October
This activity is designed as a first-time kayaking (皮划艇) experience or for those with little water confidence. During this fun activity you’ ll learn the basics, try out the kit, go on a tour of the Beaulieu River with your trusty guide and maybe play a game or two along the way. A range of boat options will be available to choose from. Children under 12 will be required to take part on a double kayak with an adult. This activity is for those of 8 years and older.
What’s Included?*Full introduction to the equipment and its use
*Up to 90 minutes of fun, learning and exploration
*Various kayaks to choose from (weight limit 150kg)
*Qualified coach on hand to support you
*Discuss your next steps and further kayaking options
*Toilets and changing rooms available
We can run extra activities at a time to suit you. If you can’t easily find the date you’re after please contact the office and we will be happy to help. We’re confident that what we do is excellent and provides real value for money. However, if for any reason we let you down, you’ ll be eligible (有资格的) for our 100% satisfaction guarantee and we’ll give your money back, no questions asked.
1. How much should an adult with a 9-year-old child pay for the activity?| A．£21. | B．£37. | C．£58. | D．£74. |
| A．Being good at swimming. |
| B．Learning the basics in advance. |
| C．Being accompanied by an adult. |
| D．Attending an extra 90-minute activity. |
| A．Get your money back. |
| B．Complain to the office. |
| C．Ask for an extra guided tour by a qualified coach. |
| D．Discuss your further kayaking options with your guide. |
10 . Is it OK to kill time? Machines used to find this question difficult to answer. But a new study shows’ that artificial intelligence (AI) can be programmed to judge right from wrong.
“We show that machines can learn about our moral values,”says Dr. Patrick Schramowski, author of this study, based at the Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany.
“There is general agreement that AI research is progressing rapidly and that AI’s influence on society is likely to increase,” Schramowski reports. “From self-driving cars to health care, AI systems deal with increasingly complex (复杂的) human tasks in increasingly autonomous ways. It is important to carry out research in this area so that we can trust the decisions they make.”
Schramowski’s AI system is named the Moral Choice Machine (MCM). He and his team trained it with sets of newspapers, articles, and other texts that appeared between the years 1510 and 2009.
Once the scientists had trained the MCM, it accepted the moral values of the given text. When asked whether one may steal money, harm animals or kill a living being, it will answer “No.” But if you ask “Should I kill time?” it will tell you it’s okay. Because it has understood that the behavior means no harm. You will generally get a reasonable answer from the machine.
“The MCM did this not by repeating the text it found,” reports Schramowski. “It could tell the difference between contextual information provided in a question.”
Furthermore, the study shows that the machine takes up moral values indicative of the time and kind of society the written sources come from, showing the changing social norms (准则) over ages.
For example, when they limited its training data to news articles from 2008 to 2009, the AI system favored work and school over family life. But when it could only explore news from the late eighties and nineties, it favored marriage and parenting.
1. What does Schramowski mainly talk about in paragraph 3?| A．Their research methods. | B．AI systems’ bright future. |
| C．The great value of their study. | D．The difficulties of AI research. |
| A．They let it repeat moral stories. |
| B．They showed it many kind acts. |
| C．They offered it a lot of written material. |
| D．They talked with it about decision-making. |
| A．Improve social rules. |
| B．Tell right from wrong. |
| C．Help humans make decisions. |
| D．Create texts about moral values. |
| A．Social values change over time. |
| B．Technology should be used wisely. |
| C．AI systems have their own limitations. |
| D．It’s hard for machines to make moral choices. |
