1 . Beejhy Barhany, growing up in an Ethiopian-Jewish community in Israel, has been cooking for her family as long as she can remember. Now a chef and owner of Tsion Café in Harlem, New York, Barhany continues to pull from cooking traditions, including one that has become the source of much controversy in recent decades: washing raw meat before cooking.

For Barhany, submerging raw chicken in salt and lemon water is both functional and ceremonial, as soaking or rinsing raw meat in salt water and acid-such as lemon juice or vinegar-is a common form of “washing” required by Jewish Kosher rules. And a 2015 survey of over 1, 500 American consumers found that nearly 70 percent rinse or wash their poultry before cooking it, though the U. S. Department of Agriculture( USDA) started telling consumers not to wash raw poultry in the 1990s. Experts including those from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention strongly warned that rather than reducing the risk of foodborne illness (食源性疾病), washing meat increases the likelihood of spreading unwanted pathogens (病原体), like salmonella and campylobacter, around the kitchen.

“Washing meat before cooking is not really helping,” says Betty Feng, associate professor of food science at Purdue University. “The only thing it does is splashing (飞溅) and could cross-contaminate a lot of your kitchen items-your sink, probably your clothes, whatever you have by the sink.” Moreover, Feng cautions against using saltwater, vinegar, or lemon juice, which simply isn’t strong enough to effectively kill foodborne pathogens. “If the acidity is high enough to kill bacteria, then it’s not really likely you can use your bare hand to wash,” she says.

And a 2022 study showed that submerging meat in a bowl of water reduced the splashing but not the spread of germs. “I would treat the entire sink just like the outside of the chicken——it’s a biological hazard,” says Benjamin Chapman, one of the study authors and associate professor in North Carolina State University’s agricultural and human sciences department. “The way that we make meat safe is through cooking, not through the removal of pathogens.”

1. What is the purpose of paragraph 1?

A．To broaden the readers’ horizons.	B．To make a comparison.
C．To introduce the topic.	D．To state the author’s opinion.

2. What is mentioned about the Jewish Kosher rules from this text?

A．Nearly 70 percent of American consumers follow the rules.

B．The rules pay attention to functional and ceremonial aspects.

C．Uncooked meat is submerged in water with salt and vinegar.

D．It warns people of the risk of foodborne illness.

3. What is TRUE about “washing meat before cooking” according to Betty?

A．It has sparked a lot of controversy in recent years.

B．It has decreased the risk of foodborne illness.

C．It can not be directly done/with your bare hands.

D．It may do a favor/ to the transfer of pathogens.

4. Why is the underlined phrase “biological hazard” mentioned in the last paragraph?

A．To emphasize that chickens pose a level/of threat to humans’ life.

B．To show that sinks can be a way to increase splashing.

C．To prove that cooking is a good way to kill pathogens.

D．To stress that the practice people follow is not advisable.

2 . Of course, Baoyu had seen this new cousin earlier on and _______ that she was the daughter of his Aunt Lin. He made haste to bow and, having greeted her, took a seat. Looking at Daiyu closely, he found her _______ from other girls. Her dusky arched eyebrows were knitted and yet not frowning; her _______ eyes held both merriment and sorrow; her very weakness had _______. Her eyes sparkled with tears; her _______ was soft and faint. In rest she was like a lovely flower _______ in the water; in motion, a pliant willow swaying in the wind. She looked more sensitive than Bi Gan, more _______ than Xi Shi.

“I’ve met this cousin before,” he _______ at the end of his scrutiny (审视).

“You’re talking nonsense again,” said his grandmother, laughing.

“How could you possibly have met her?”

“Well, even if I haven’t, her face looks _______. I feel we’re old friends meeting again after a long separation.”

“So much the better.” The Lady Dowager laughed. “That shows you’re ________ to be good friends.”

Baoyu went over to sit beside Daiyu and once more ________ fixedly at her…

Then, to the confusion of them all, he asked Daiyu if she had any jade (玉).

________ that he had his own jade in mind, she answered, “No, I haven’t. I suppose it’s too rare for everybody to have.”

This instantly put Baoyu into one of his frenzies (狂暴). ________ the jade, he threw it on the ground.

“What’s rare about it?” he ________. “It can’t even tell good people from bad. What ________ understanding has it got? I don’t want this annoyance either.”

1.

A．decided

B．recognized

C．observed

D．guessed

2.

A．distant

B．free

C．different

D．absent

3.

A．wondering

B．speaking

C．hesitating

D．pleasing

4.

A．love

B．terror

C．charm

D．trick

5.

A．gesture

B．figure

C．movement

D．breath

6.

A．bathed

B．mirrored

C．planted

D．dropped

7.

A．delicate

B．precious

C．aggressive

D．reserved

8.

A．assumed

B．explained

C．declared

D．interpreted

9.

A．common

B．familiar

C．pretty

D．similar

10.

A．matched

B．committed

C．intended

D．meant

11.

A．grasped

B．checked

C．aimed

D．stared

12.

A．Realizing

B．Doubting

C．Imagining

D．Admitting

13.

A．Setting off

B．Tearing off

C．Wearing off

D．Cutting off

14.

A．stormed

B．threatened

C．identified

D．criticized

15.

A．romantic

B．complex

C．spiritual

D．typical

3 . How to Be Happy for Your Friend, Even when You’re a Little Jealous

The most basic friendship duty is rooting for your bestie (死党). At minimum, you should jump for joy when told they’ve landed a dream job, for example. Easy enough, right?     1    . Even if you truly want to see them succeed, the ultra-modern three-bedroom house they just bought might feel like a slap in the face if you’re still living in a shoebox apartment. So, if you’re struggling with friendship envy, these suggestions might help you.

    2    .

Jealousy sounds quite negative, but it’s completely normal. If you shame yourself for it, you might miss an opportunity for self-reflection. Instead of judging yourself, acknowledge these feelings head-on. Embrace that you’re bitter or even scared you’ll never experience a career high like your bestie.

Separate your worth from your accomplishments.

    3    . But it’s important to remember that your self-worth doesn’t come from attaining external things. We know it sounds pretty cliche (陈词滥调), but taking a step back and redefining what achievement and happiness mean to you can help you avoid falling into the comparison trap.

Remember: It’s not a competition.

It makes sense that a friend’s success may feel like a threat. When they’re progressing in their life, you must be falling behind in yours, right? The simple answer: No!     4    . One way to abandon this unhealthy mindset is to rely on facts and reality rather than hypothetical scenarios or assumptions.

It’s totally okay to experience occasional waves of envy even with the people you genuinely want to see happy. What truly defines you as a friend is how you handle these emotions. If you need a little space to lick your wounds after receiving a close pal’s exciting news, just do it.     5    .

A．Acknowledge your bitter or envious feelings.

B．Reflect on yourself about feeling ashamed of jealousy.

C．Instead, you can definitely grow into a more caring friend.

D．However, celebrating your friend’s milestones can become a little more complicated.

E．That doesn’t make you a fool— it makes you human.

F．You need to let go of this idea that if they’re winning something, that means you’re losing.

G．There are expectations what success is supposed to be in our achievement-driven society.

4 . Earlier this month, Bob Dylan released The Philosophy of Modern Song, a collection of 66 songs, detailing their status in music and, sometimes, explaining what a given track might mean or do. The book reminded me of the Harry Smith’s Anthology of American Folk Music, in which Smith intelligently summarizes each song's narrative arc as if it were a newspaper headline. Dylan is less direct and more tends to allegorical (讽喻的) long speeches.

Dylan has always had a slightly tense relationship with the writers and journalists who grammatically analyze his songs for meaning, and, while reading The Philosophy of Modern Song, there were moments when I grew slightly red-faced, worried that the book might be an purposeful joke, making fun of all the drooling (垂涎) critics who have gone thrilled trying to illustrate the greatness and beauty of his work. Yet the pattern and rhythm of his descriptions will be quite familiar to anyone who listened to “Theme Time Radio Hour”, the Sirius XM show that Dylan hosted from 2006 to 2009.

Ultimately, both projects repeat, in a serious way, just how difficult it is to study, investigate, and evaluate something as indescribable and brain-scrambling (烧脑) as popular music.

The Philosophy of Modern Song picked a limited number of songs, for Dylan to define the masterpieces that defined him, and he did so determinedly. Much like Smith’s Anthology, Dylan’s book is deeply personal, despite its sweeping title. It’s obvious that Dylan did not adjust his preferences to suit a cultural narrative or to play down his age. Yet that the book contains only four songs performed by women is both depressing and astonishing. This might lead readers to question Dylan’s character and, more worrying, to wonder about the limits of his musical knowledge.

1. What do the two books, The Philosophy of Modern Song and Anthology of American Folk Music, have in common?

A．The writing style.	B．The writers’ career.
C．The books’ subject.	D．The creation background.

2. Why might the author feel slightly red-faced?

A．Because he was on bad terms with Bob Dylan.

B．Because he failed to listen to Dylan’s radio program.

C．Because he was laughed at for his comments on Dylan’s book.

D．Because he may be among those critics taking advantage of Dylan’s works.

3. What do we know about the book The Philosophy of Modern Song?

A．It presents a whole history of American folk music.

B．It offers a review on Bob Dylan’s personal music albums.

C．It suggests a possible lack of attention to women’s music.

D．It follows the example of Anthology of American Folk Music.

4. What’s the writer’s purpose in writing this passage?

A．To question Dylan’s expertise in folk music.

B．To introduce the newly-published book by Bob Dylan.

C．To blame Dylan for his underestimating female musicians.

D．To compare the two books of Philosophy and Anthology.

5 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Maya led a quiet life in Utah. She spent her days volunteering at a local shelter, helping the homeless, offering food and comfort to those in need. Maya lived by herself in a rented apartment, but she found peace and comfort in what she did.

One winter evening, as Maya was returning from her usual rounds at the shelter, she noticed a figure in a dark alley (巷). It was a slender (瘦小的) man. “Alex,” the man said, shivering. “My name is Alex.” Maya gazed him up and down, his weary eyes telling tales of hardship and despair. Without hesitation, Maya offered Alex a meal and a place to rest for the night. Despite his initial unwillingness, Alex soon found comfort in Maya’s kindness. Day by day, Maya welcomed Alex into her home, offering him food, shelter, and most importantly, a sense of belonging.

Then one day, Alex didn’t appear. Two days, three days passed. Alex still didn’t appear. Maya asked around, but in vain. She decided Alex didn’t need her help anymore or that he found better comfort. Three months later when the town was celebrating its founding, it was like everyone came. Maya put up her stand in the marketplace, selling self-made bakery. When she was traveling between stands, she came across a ring, actually the ring her mother gave her before passing away. She was so sure not only because of its distinctive design, but the ring also had her mother’s name carved into it on the inner side. Tears of sorrow flowed down her cheeks, as she realized what had happened. James, the stand owner, said a slender man sold it to him. Upon knowing the truth, James offered to give the ring back to Maya. As Maya wiped away her tears, her heart raced with a mix of emotions -disbelief, disappointment, and distress. A happy day turned a sad one for her.

Maya continued her life, her determination to help the need didn’t shift because of this incident. Actually, she worked even harder.

注意：1、续写词数应为150左右;
2、请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

One day, when she arrived at the shelter, she saw Alex!

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Alex showed Maya the new shelter he helped fund with the money.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6 . 假如你是李华，你的学校最近举办了一场美食博览会(Food Expo)。现在，你为学校的英语报写一篇博览会盛况的报道。要求如下：
1. 说明博览会的目的;
2. 简述博览会的亮点;
3. 你的想法与评论。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 勿逐字翻译，可增加细节。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7 . When Howard Carter opened King Tut’s tomb (墓穴), it was full of gold and other valuables. When he and his team then attempted to remove King Tut’s mummy (木乃伊), they did a great deal of damage to the mummy while removing it.

Decades later, in 1968, experts conducted an examination of King Tut’s mummy using simple X-ray technology. Three important discoveries led to various theories about his death. First, the X-rays showed that bones in Tut’s chest were missing. Some guessed the damage was caused by a war injury or an accident. Plus, there was a small hole in the back of the skull (头骨), and pieces of bone inside it, causing many to believe that Tut was killed by a blow to the back of the head. Was he murdered by people wanting to take control of Egypt? Finally, a serious broken bone was discovered on Tut’s left leg. Tut was hurt a few hours before his death. This could have been the result of an accident. Could an infection from the injury have killed Tut?

In 2005, scientists under the direction of Zahi Hawass used new X-ray technology to study the mummy. They discovered that the damage to Tut’s chest was caused by Howard Carter, and the hole in Tut’s skull was made when the body was gotten ready for burial. While this ruled out the theory of murder, it still doesn’t tell us exactly how he died.

Then, in 2008, when Hawass and his team analyzed the DNA of the mummies and other tombs nearby, they made some shocking discoveries. They found Tut’s father and mother, who had similar DNA, were actually brother and sister. The DNA they passed on to Tut may have made it easy for him to catch a disease. Did an infection that started in his broken leg cause his death? No one knows for sure. But Hawass and his team hope they will someday have an answer to this age-old mystery.

1. Why was the examination of King Tut’s mummy conducted in 1968?

A．To determine the cause of Tut’s death.	B．To assess the condition of Tut’s coffin.
C．To discover the identity of Tut’s parents.	D．To study the treasures found in Tut’s tomb.

2. What do we know about the damage to Tut’s skull?

A．It was caused by an accident.	B．It was caused by a blow to kill.
C．It was caused by Howard Carter’s team.	D．It was caused during burial preparation.

3. The discovery of Tut’s parents implies that ______.

A．Tut’s broken leg had little to do with his DNA.

B．Tut’s DNA features might have been common.

C．Tut’s death was closely connected to their DNA.

D．Tut’s health was probably affected by their shared DNA.

4. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?

A．To analyze the cultural significance of King Tut’s tomb.

B．To entertain readers with tales of ancient Egyptian royalty.

C．To inform readers about the discoveries surrounding King Tut’s death.

D．To persuade readers to follow further research into King Tut’s life and death.

8 . Nova Scotia is a beautiful province located on the eastern coast. It is known for its winding coastal landscapes, attractive fishing villages, and rich maritime (海的) history. Take a look at what you can do while there.

Explore the Cabot Trail:

This scenic drive offers breathtaking views of Nova Scotia’s rugged (有起伏的) coastline, winding through the Cape Breton Highlands. Visitors can enjoy hiking trails, vast lookouts, and opportunities for wildlife spotting. Exploring the Cabot Trail allows travelers to lose themselves in the natural beauty of Nova Scotia while experiencing its rich cultural heritage.

Visit Peggy’s Cove:

Peggy’s Cove is a quiet fishing village known for its typical lighthouse standing on rocks overlooking the Atlantic Ocean. Visitors can wander through the village, admire the picture-like scenery, and take photographs of the coastline. The quietness and beauty of Peggy’s Cove make it a must-visit destination in Nova Scotia.

Discover Halifax’s Waterfront:

Halifax’s lively waterfront is a center of activity, offering a variety of attractions and experiences for visitors. From taking a walk along the boardwalk lined with shops and restaurants to exploring historic sites like the Halifax Citadel National Historic Site, there’s something for everyone to enjoy. The waterfront also serves as a starting point for boat tours, allowing travelers to explore the harbor.

1. What makes Peggy’s Cove a must-visit destination?

A．Its cuisine.

B．Its scenery.

C．Its culture.

D．Its people.

2. What can you do on Halifax’s waterfront?

A．Jog along its coastline.	B．Explore its mountains.
C．Take boat tours.	D．Spot wildlife.

3. Where can you find this passage?

A．In a travel magazine.	B．In an adventure journal.
C．In a geography textbook.	D．In a science report.

9 . What would happen to you if you fell into a black hole? Some physicists believe you would burn up the moment you entered one. Einstein’s general theory of relativity predicts that you would pass through, unaware that you were lost to the rest of the universe.

Black holes have a bottom, but you wouldn’t live to see it. Gravity, as you fell, would grow stronger. The pull on your feet, if you were falling feet first, would be so much greater than the pull on your head that you would be stretched until you were torn apart. But pieces of you would reach the bottom. From there, some physicists believe that those pieces that once were you could end up in another universe.

However, nobody has ever seen or will see a black hole. A black hole is invisible, a blank spot in space, but scientists are able to know its existence by the effect it has on things around it. For example, if an object comes close to a black hole, it should be possible to see the powerful gravity of the black hole trying to pull the object in. In fact, this is exactly what scientists are planning to do: to observe one while it eats a very large object.

The black hole at the center of the Milky Way galaxy is peaceful but is currently pulling a gas cloud toward itself fast. As the gas cloud begins to enter the black hole, telescopes will be able to take a picture of a black hole in action. This will be the best proof so far that black holes certainly exist.

A black hole is an eater. The nearer objects get to it, the hotter they become. Black holes also spin (旋转), and the extreme heat and spinning break up and expel large amounts of matter at extremely high temperatures. This heated matter flies through space, away from the hole at unbelievable speed. It can travel millions of light-years straight through a galaxy. The material then cools, comes together, and eventually forms new stars around the galaxy, thus the birth of new universes.

1. According to paragraph 2, what is the consequence of falling into a black hole?

A．Being reduced to pieces.	B．Being stretched into a single piece.
C．Being burned in another universe.	D．Being pulled to the bottom instantly.

2. Why does the author use the example in paragraph 3?

A．To prove that no one can see a black hole.

B．To show that black holes can in fact be detected.

C．To observe while a black hole eats a huge object.

D．To see the powerful gravity a black hole possesses.

3. What’s the meaning of the underlined word in the last paragraph?

A．Set up.

B．Take in.

C．Throw off.

D．Call for.

4. What’s the main idea of this passage?

A．What a black hole is and its various aspects.

B．Why a black hole is invisible and its final discovery.

C．How a black hole is formed and its unknown mysteries.

D．When a black hole bears a universe and its amazing origin.

10 . Before setting out on her journey, Shirley led an elegant and peaceful life in the quiet countryside. Little did she _________ the adventure that would beat her thoughts and lead her far from the _________ of home.

Regardless of her prior unwillingness, Shirley’s _________ with Sally, who suggested this trip, threw her into a category of adventures she had never imagined. Yet, despite the _________ that arose, from encounters with tigers to struggles with crocodiles (鳄鱼), Shirley remained somewhat _________ in her devotion to the journey.

Her ideal, to prove her _________ and find her place, became a (n) _________ driving force as she faced the challenges of the journey. Along the way, she _________ awesome wonders, from the fascination of the Kenyan safari (游猎) to the thunders of the misty Kilimanjaro. _________ her expectations, Shirley found herself bound to the fate of home, owing much to the friendship she had and the __________ she had discovered within herself. And when faced with the fear of mother nature, it was Shirley’s bravery that __________ her only companion, Sally.

As her journey __________ its end, Shirley realized how much she owed to the journey, not just the material treasures she had got, but the personal growth and self-discovery that came from __________ beyond her comfort zone. And so, with confidence and a heart of __________, Shirley started going back home, forever __________ by this unforgettable adventure.

1.

A．expect

B．imply

C．acknowledge

D．decide

2.

A．security

B．comfort

C．relief

D．fear

3.

A．combination

B．patience

C．association

D．familiarity

4.

A．sufferings

B．protests

C．conflicts

D．dangers

5.

A．determined

B．excited

C．satisfied

D．inspired

6.

A．advantage

B．point

C．cost

D．worth

7.

A．exceptional

B．initial

C．fundamental

D．common

8.

A．brought about

B．came across

C．cut through

D．set off

9.

A．Conquered by

B．Contrary to

C．Content with

D．Concerned about

10.

A．creativity

B．courage

C．curiosity

D．care

11.

A．controlled

B．persuaded

C．astonished

D．disappointed

12.

A．accessed

B．acquired

C．approached

D．achieved

13.

A．leaving

B．digging

C．coming

D．stepping

14.

A．recognition

B．gratitude

C．respect

D．dependence

15.

A．changed

B．excused

C．relaxed

D．freed