1 . 假设你是李华，春节(the Spring Festival)即将来临，你的澳大利亚笔友Peter写信给你询问有关春节的相关信息。请你写一封回信给他，回信要点：

1. 春节时间(农历lunar calendar 正月初一，通常在1月底至二月20日左右)

2. 春节期间主要活动 (如家人团聚family reunion、送祝福send greetings、走亲访友visit relatives and friends)

3. 春节的意义：象征反思(reflection)、更新(renewal)和复兴(rejuvenation)的时刻，强调(emphasize)家庭、团结(unity)和对繁荣(prosperous)的新的一年的希望。

注意：1. 词数80词左右; 2.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯

Dear Peter,

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Yours

Li Hua

2 . 生活中我们都需要朋友，我们该结交怎样的“朋友”，不同的人有不同的看法。请认真阅读下面的引语（quotation），按要求用英语写一篇短文。

A true friend is a source of strength and hope.

——Jonathan Lockwood

Huie

内容要求：
1.你对该引语的理解 ；
2.你的相关经历；
3.恰当的结尾。
注意：
1.文中不能出现考生的具体信息；
2.词数：100 左右。
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3 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. When did the Kobe earthquake happen?

A．At dawn on January 17th, 1995

B．At noon on January 17th, 1995

C．At dawn on January 17th, 1996

2. How many people died in the Kobe earthquake?

A．75,000 .

B．Nearly 310,000.

C．More than 6,000.

3. Which of the following way is mentioned?

A．Walls should be built to protect towns on the coast from large waves.

B．Emergency services should control all.

C．Lectures should be encouraged to arouse the public’s attention.

4. What is the major barrier (困难) in doing more to reduce the earthquake damage?

A．Engineers do not have the knowledge.

B．Protection is too costly (昂贵的) at present.

C．No one takes earthquakes seriously.

4 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. How long will King be away on vacation?

A．Four weeks.

B．A couple of days.

C．Three weeks.

2. Why will King take the vacation?

A．To relax.

B．To see her parents.

C．To meet a friend.

3. Which country does King come from?

A．China.

B．America.

C．Canada.

5 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. Why didn’t the woman take this course last semester?

A．She was busy.

B．She had taken this course before.

C．She didn’t know about it in time.

2. In what aspects does the man get a lot of practice?

A．In speaking and reading.

B．In speaking and writing.

C．In reading and writing.

6 . 据调查，近年来，越来越多的中学生近视，如何保护眼睛和预防近视已经成了一个社会广泛关注的问题。请你根据以下要点写一篇演讲稿：
1.近视的原因；
2.如何保护视力；
3.呼吁大家保护视力；
注意：1. 开头已为你写好，不计入字数。
2. 字数不少于80 字。

Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, it’s my honor to be here to talk about short-sightedness.

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7 . Culture is the invisible bond which ties people together. The art, literature, language, and religion of a community represent its culture. The importance of culture lies in its close association with the ways of thinking and living. Differences in cultures have led to a diversity in the people from different parts of the world.

How we perceive things is largely affected by our judgment skills, preconceived notions, attitude, and emotions. These factors are closely linked with our culture. In perceiving something as good or bad, our biases play a role and so does our way of thinking. People who belong to cultures that promote individualism tend to look at only the main aspects of a situation, while those of a culture that promotes collectivism tend to consider even the minor details. People of Eastern cultures perceive success as being a collective effort, while those of the American culture perceive it as the fruit of individual effort.

Culture affects perception, and perceptions drive behavior. Thus, the culture we belong to has a direct impact on our behavior. Moreover, our environment, which has cultural influences, shapes our behavior. In a society where boys are discouraged from crying, men think of it as an odd gesture.

Group culture determines the behavioral norms for a group. To be accepted as a part of the group, we tend to follow what the group decides for us. Influenced by the norms or rules laid out by our culture, we act in accordance with them. Our culture defines people’s expectations from us. In the attempt to fulfill them, we shape our behavior and personality to suit our culture. Our religion, traditions, customs, all a part of our culture, play a major role in shaping our personalities. In a culture where children are taught to be independent early in life, they grow up to be individualistic. In a culture where boys and girls are not treated as equal, children may become aggressive and look at the opposite gender as their enemy, or those treated as inferior may grow up to be submissive.

1. What do people tend to do if they belong to a culture that promotes collectivism?

A．Ignore all unimportant aspects.	B．Think about as many details as possible.
C．View success as a result of individual effort.	D．Blame their own failure on others.

2. What does the underlined word “odd” in Paragraph 3 mean?

A．Harmless.

B．Acceptable.

C．Strange.

D．Interesting.

3. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?

A．The ways of educating children.	B．The diversity of personalities.
C．The behavioral norms of a certain group.	D．The influence of culture on personalities.

4. How is the passage mainly developed?

A．By providing examples.	B．By making comparisons.
C．By following the order of time.	D．By following the order of importance.

8 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Many young people wants     1     (become) great athletes. They exercise and lift weights in the gym. But the fact is that they don’t become stronger,     2     makes them unhappy.

Therefore, some of them are considering     3     (take) pills, which they think will help them become     4     (strong) than before. However, the truth is that these pills usually have some unintended side     5     (effect). Some of them may even affect     6     (they) liver or heart.     7     fact, some great athletes such as Griffith Joyner, died very young because they     8     (take) some pills.

For the above reasons, I suggest that young people be     9     (care) not to take pills.     10     best way to become stronger is going to a gym to work out.

9 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

ChatGPT was launched less than half a year ago, shocking though it may seem. It’s hard     1     (scroll) through a news website and not see “ChatGPT” somewhere. Despite its     2     (popular), remarkably few people can tell you what the “GPT” in ChatGPT stands for off the top of their heads : it’s “Generative Pre-trained Transformer.”

More technically    3     (speak), it’s a large language model-based chatbot, meaning it’s fed unbelievable amounts of text-based data —such as books, news articles, and web pages , from which it learns how to construct sentences. It can     4     (use) for all kinds of purposes, such as writing computer code, serving     5     a virtual assistant chatbot, content generation, and even writing news articles.

Although ChatGPT brings much convenience to our life, there     6     (be) some fears that ChatGpt is becoming too intelligent. It is causing citizens and business leaders to be much     7     (cautious) about its applications and the threat     8     it may pose to jobs, industries and our current way of life than they were about its non-generative predecessor.

In     9     word, ChatGPT is just a powerful tool. It is our responsibility to train the tool to be effective, to integrate it into workflows and processes that we need to achieve our goals     10     to consider the needs of our customers.

10 . The sign of a healthy personal relationship is one that is equally mutual (相互的) —where you get out just as much as you put in. Nature has its own version of a healthy relationship. Known as mutualisms, they are interactions between species that are mutually beneficial for each species. One example is the interaction between plants and pollinators (传粉者), where your apple trees are pollinated and the honeybee gets nectar (花蜜) as a food reward. But how are mutualisms affected by other organisms that take those rewards without providing a service in return?

A team of researchers recently researched that question. They investigated the abilities of diverse communities of mutualists, comparing how each deals with cheaters. Cheaters are species that steal the benefits of the mutualism without providing anything in return. An example of one of nature’s cheaters is nectar robbers. Nectar-robbing bees chew through the side of flowers to feed on nectar without coming into contact with the flower parts that would result in pollination.

The researchers produced mutualisms in the lab using yeast strains (酵母菌株) that functioned as mutualist species. Each yeast strain produced a food resource to exchange with a mutualist partner. They engineered four species of each type of mutualists as well as two cheater strains that were unable to make food resources.

The researchers created communities of yeast that differed both in the number of species and the presence of cheaters. They found that communities with higher numbers of mutualist species were better able to resist the negative effects of cheaters because there were multiple species of mutualists performing the same task. If one species was lost from the community due to competing with a cheater, there were other species around to perform the task, showing that the presence of more species in a community can reduce the negative effects of cheaters.

Their results highlight the importance of having multiple mutualist species that provide similar resources or services, essentially creating a backup in case one species goes extinct. It’s similar to the relationship between grocery stores and suppliers. Grocery stores have multiple suppliers to ensure that there are always goods available should something happen to one supplier.

The future study is to explore the possibility of a mutualist species becoming a cheater. The group is testing if mutualists that perform the same function might set up an environment that allows one of those mutualist species to become a cheater since there are other mutualists around that can fill that role.

1. Which of the following can be an example of mutualism?

A．Farmers and crops.	B．Sunlight and plants.
C．Cities and wild animals.	D．Humans and global warming.

2. What can be concluded from the study of communities of yeast?

A．More communities of yeast are better than one.	B．More species of mutualists are better than one.
C．More species of mutualists lead to fewer cheaters.	D．More communities of yeast lead to fewer cheaters.

3. According to the text, which of the following may have the same role as “suppliers” underlined in paragraph 5?

A．Nectar.

B．Honeybees.

C．Cheaters.

D．Apples.

4. According to the study, what would happen in a community of mutualists?

A．Cheaters would become extinct.	B．Cheaters would act as mutualist species.
C．A mutualist species would switch to cheating.	D．Mutualist species and cheaters would work together.