1 . Twelve-year-old Catherine has a lot of friends—632, actually, if you count up her online friends. And she spends a lot of time with them.

But is it possible that Catherine’s online friendships could be making her lonely? That’s what some experts believe. Connecting online is a great way to stay in touch, they say. However, some experts worry that many kids are so busy connecting online that they might be missing out on true friendships.

Could this be true? During your parents’ childhoods, connecting with friends usually meant spending time with them in the flesh. Kids played Scrabble around a table, not words with friends on their phones. When friends missed each other, they picked up the telephone. Friends might even write letters to each other.

Today, most communication takes place online. A typical teen sends 2,000 texts a month and spends more than 44 hours per week in front of a screen. Much of this time is spent on social media platform.

In fact, in many ways, online communication can make friendships stronger. “There’s definitely a positive influence. Kids can stay in constant contact, which means they can share more of their feelings with each other,” says Katie Davis, co-author of The App Generation.

Other experts, however, warn that too much online communication can get in the way of forming deep friendships. “If we are constantly checking in with our virtual world, we will have little time for our real-world friendships,” says Larry Rosen, a professor at California State University. Rosen also worries that today’s kids might mistake the “friends” on the social media for true friends in life. However, in tough times, you don’t need anyone to like your picture or share your blogs. You need someone who will keep your secrets and hold your hand. You would like to talk face to face.

1. What is the purpose of the first paragraph?

A．To tell about true friends.	B．To start a discussion.
C．To encourage online friendships.	D．To summarize(总结) the text.

2. What does the underlined part “in the flesh” mean in paragraph 3?

A．In any case.

B．In public.

C．In person.

D．In advance.

3. What is Katie’s attitude toward online communication?

A．Unconcerned.

B．Positive.

C．Worried.

D．Confused.

4. Which of the following is the Rosen’s view?

A．Teenagers need to focus on real-world friendships.	B．It’s easier to develop friendships in real life.
C．It’s wise to turn to friends online.	D．Social media help people stay closely connected.

2 . ________ with many other children, he found himself ________ with love and care all the way. It is no wonder that he grew to be a loving kid.

A．Compared; surrounded	B．Compared; surrounding
C．Comparing; surrounding	D．Comparing; surrounded

3 . Gradually, my passion for science fiction books ______, for it was hard for me to _____ myself in them.

A．died away; bury

B．died out; apply

C．died down; bury

D．died off; apply

4 . It’s of great significance for us to be a________ of the possible consequences. (根据首字母单词拼写)

5 . To protect our earth, we should live in h________ with our environment. (根据首字母单词拼写)

7 . Banff National Park is home to an amazing wildlife population. But the busy Trans Canada Highway that cuts through the park is a hazard to the lovely animals. To address the problem, Banff first put up wildlife fencing on either side of the highway to discourage animals from entering the busy road. Then, since 1996, they’ve opened six wildlife overpasses and 38 underpasses to help the animals cross the highway in safety.

I was fortunate to visit Banff’s Red Earth Overpass with Trevor Kinley, the project manager with Parks Canada. He told me that so far, they have documented 10, 000 safe animal crossings on this overpass alone. “Some animals have learned how to use the crossings much more quickly than others. Black bears are the fastest learners, followed by deer. Wolves and lions take the longest to work out how to use them,” Kinley said, laughing. “But those animals that are slower to adapt are usually more capable and determined at figuring out the safest way to cross those overpasses and underpasses.”

There is some criticism (批评) that channeling so much wildlife into a few bridges and tunnels is like making a trap for the animals, offering big animals an easy meal on either side. “But research has shown that this is not the case,” Kinley assured me. “There are no more killings around the crossings than there are anywhere else in the park.”

Walking over the Trans Canada and then walking underneath through one of the tunnels, I was amazed to see the fresh tracks of black bears, wolves, deer and many kinds of smaller animals. Somehow, all these animal footprints made me so delighted, knowing that all this wildlife was passing safely under and over the longest road in Canada.

Hopefully, the success of the wildlife crossings in Banff will continue to inspire similar solutions around the world, where human pressure on wildlife continues to grow.

1. Which of the following best explains “hazard” underlined in paragraph 1?

A．Shelter.

B．Habitat.

C．Access.

D．Danger.

2. What does Trevor Kinley say about those wolves and lions?

A．They are stupid animals.	B．They are cautious learners.
C．They are very dangerous.	D．They are good at adapting.

3. What are the critics worried about?

A．There are too many bridges and tunnels.	B．More killings might happen at the crossings.
C．Many animals will be trapped in the crossings.	D．Illegal hunting might happen in the park.

4. What’s the author’s attitude towards those overpasses and underpasses?

A．Concerned.

B．Indifferent.

C．Supportive.

D．Skeptical.

8 . No one is born a winner. People make themselves into winners by their own ________.

I learned this lesson from an experience many years ago. I took the head ________ job at a school in Baxley, Georgia. It was a small school with a weak football program.

It was a tradition for the school’s old team to play against the ________ team at the end of spring practice. The old team had no coach, and they didn’t even practice to ________ the game. Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated. I couldn’t ______ I had got into such a situation. Thinking hard about it, I came to ________ that my team might not be the number one team in Georgia, but they were depending on me. I had to change my ________ towards their ability and potential.

I started doing anything I could to help them build a little ________. Most importantly, I began to treat them like ________. That summer, when the other teams enjoyed their vacations, we met every day and practiced passing and ________ the football.

Six months after suffering our defeat on the spring practice field, we won our first game and our second, and continued to ________. Finally, we faced the number one team in the state. I felt that it would be a ________ for us even if we lost the game. But that wasn’t what happened. My boys beat the best team in Georgia, giving me one of the greatest ________ of my life!

From the experience I learned a lot about how the attitude of the leader can affect the members of a team. Instead of seeing my boys as losers, I pushed and ________ them. I helped them to see themselves ________, and they built themselves into winners.

Winners are made, not born.

1.

A．luck

B．tests

C．efforts

D．nature

2.

A．operating

B．editing

C．consulting

D．coaching

3.

A．successful

B．excellent

C．strong

D．new

4.

A．search for

B．prepare for

C．help with

D．finish with

5.

A．believe

B．agree

C．describe

D．identify

6.

A．realize

B．forgive

C．comment

D．demand

7.

A．decision

B．attitude

C．conclusion

D．intention

8.

A．pride

B．wisdom

C．fortune

D．pressure

9.

A．leaders

B．partners

C．champions

D．learners

10.

A．exchanging

B．delivering

C．clicking

D．kicking

11.

A．recover

B．improve

C．expand

D．defend

12.

A．shame

B．burden

C．victory

D．favor

13.

A．events

B．thrills

C．concerns

D．offers

14.

A．encouraged

B．observed

C．protected

D．impressed

15.

A．honestly

B．individually

C．calmly

D．differently

9 . Because of the limited time, we will start at the point _______ we left off yesterday.

A．which

B．where

C．as

D．when

10 . That was the very reason _______ Mac gave me the other day.

A．why

B．that

C．which

D．what