1 . For lots of kids, toddlerhood (幼儿期) is an important time for friendship. Studies show that the earlier kids learn to form positive relationships, the better they are at relating to others as teenagers and adults. Playing together also helps these kids practice social behaviors, such as kindness, sharing, and cooperation.

Even so, how quickly your child develops into a social creature may also depend on his temperament(性格). Some toddler s are very social, but others are shy. In addition, the way that toddlers demonstrate that they like other children is markedly different from what adults think of as expressions of friendship. Research at Ohio State University in Columbus found that a toddler’s way of saying “I like you” during play is likely to come in the form of copying a friend’s behavior.

This seemingly unusual way of demonstrating fondness can result in unpleasant behavior. Regardless of how much they like a playmate, they may still grab his toys, refuse to share, and get bossy. But experts say that this is a normal and necessary part of friendship for kids this age. Through play experiences, toddlers learn social rules. That’s why it’s so important to take an active role in your toddler’s social encounters by setting limits and offering frequent reminders of what they are. When you establish these guidelines, explain the reasons behind them.

Begin by helping your child learn sympathy (“Ben is crying. What’s making him so sad?”), then suggest how he could resolve the problem (“Maybe he would feel better if you let him play the ball.”). When your child shares or shows empathy(同理心) toward a friend, praise him (“Ben stopped crying! You made him feel better.”).

Another way to encourage healthy social interaction is by encouraging kids to use words- not fists-to express how they feel. It’s also important to be mindful of how your child’s personality affects playtime. Kids are easy to get angry when they’re sleepy or hungry, so schedule playtime when they’re refreshed.

1. What does it indicate when toddlers copy their playmates’ behavior?

A．They are interested in acting.	B．They are shy with the strangers.
C．They are fond of their playmates.	D．They are tired of playing games.

2. What does the author suggest parents do for their kids?

A．Design games for them.	B．Find them suitable playmates.
C．Play together with them.	D．Help them understand social rules.

3. What is the function of the quoted statements in paragraph 4?

A．Giving examples.	B．Explaining concepts.
C．Providing evidence.	D．Making comparisons.

4. Which of the following is the best title for the text?

A．How Children Adapt to Changes	B．How to Be a Role Model for Children
C．How Your Baby Learns to Love	D．How to Communicate with Your Kid

2 . I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my car broke down. My phone was ______, too. I managed to get to a gas station, but it was Sunday in the early fall, and there was no ______ on duty. I was working my way through university then and had little money for ______ the car.

I sat alongside my car for several hours trying to ______ the heat when an older gentleman ______ to fuel his car.   He asked about my car, and I ______ my predicament (困境). To my ______, the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age, and then he opened his trunk and ______ a tool set.

Right then and there, this total ______ examined my engine, explaining as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been charged for so long that they were ______ to function.   After about an hour, he ______ that my car was safe to finish the trip.

______ came at the hands of a stranger. ______ his clothes, working on a hot September afternoon, this man ______ a college student from disaster, just because she could have been his ______ .

1.

A．busy

B．loud

C．dead

D．secure

2.

A．mechanic

B．policeman

C．manager

D．guide

3.

A．washing

B．parking

C．purchasing

D．maintaining

4.

A．feel

B．beat

C．absorb

D．produce

5.

A．promised

B．refused

C．stopped

D．volunteered

6.

A．solved

B．noticed

C．escaped

D．explained

7.

A．surprise

B．regret

C．amusement

D．disappointment

8.

A．called up

B．pulled out

C．put down

D．threw away

9.

A．liar

B．beginner

C．stranger

D．loser

10.

A．free

B．ready

C．uncertain

D．unable

11.

A．pronounced

B．agreed

C．discovered

D．doubted

12.

A．Tiredness

B．Kindness

C．Loneliness

D．Carefulness

13.

A．Folding

B．Drying

C．Soiling

D．Mending

14.

A．saved

B．called

C．judged

D．banned

15.

A．friend

B．daughter

C．coworker

D．customer

3 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Trends popular among the youth such as “China chic” and the growing influence of young consumers have driven the development of hanfu industry in recent years. Among the various     1     (style), the horse face skirt has emerged as the most popular item.

    2    (combine) classical elegance with modern simplicity, the horse face skirt is said to perfectly suit the contemporary culture and lifestyle of young people, making     3     a fashion icon (标志). This trend has gained popularity in Luoyang city, Central China’s Henan province,    4     numerous performers recently showcased these beautiful skirts in their acts, with many visitors alike     5     (dress) in the elegant horse face skirts. In Caoxian county of Shandong province, one of the country’s hanfu production and sales centers, the sales     6     the horse face skirts during last Spring Festival holiday     7     (increase) dozens of times compared to usual volumes. Actually, the skirt has become a very popular     8     (choose) for gifts.

The current popularity of hanfu in the country is believed     9     (indicate) more than a fashion trend; it     10     (represent) a deeper connection to Chinese tradition and cultural identity.

4 . 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Forbidden City, also     1    (refer) to as the Palace Museum in the modern days, is located in the heart of Beijing. It is an ancient     2    (architecture) complex with a history of over 600 years.

The aerial view of the Forbidden City shows it is a symmetrical layout. The three main halls-the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the Hall of Central Harmony and the Hall of Preserving Harmony comprise the Forbidden City’s central line,     3     is flanked (两侧有) by more than 70 palaces with over 9, 000 rooms. The buildings are all covered with golden roofs with red columns and high walls beneath,     4    (symbolize) the noble status of the royal family. In addition to     5    (it) magnificent appearance, the Palace Museum also houses over one million pieces of cultural relics and treasures.

In recent years, the Forbidden City has become     6     Internet celebrity, launching thousands of cultural and artistic products. These products are well enjoyed by     7    (consumer), combining the traditional imperial elements with modern technology. Up to now, a “Digital Forbidden City”     8    (create). The development of the Internet and AR technology has allowed people to visit the palace in an immersive way and to observe the panorama and details of the imperial treasures.

As a new day begins, the ancient Forbidden City continues to welcome visitors at home and abroad. Be it onsite or online, your visit     9     the Forbidden City may help you travel through time and space and    10    (true) appreciate the time-honored Chinese culture.

5 . Public health data signals a genuine crisis in adolescent mental health: rising rates of anxiety, depression, and hopelessness. But as we worry about tweens and teens who are struggling, we can’t ignore another mounting effect — the burdens that are shouldered by their friends and peers in an “always on” world.

We have studied teens and tech for over a decade. Their networks are ever-expanding, in no small part because there’s a sense that being nice means accepting fellow requests from acquaintances and friends-of-friends. And it’s not just staying connected — it’s keeping up with what others post, too.

Social media platforms thus make it technically possible to maintain more relationships than we are historically actually wired to track and manage. The result is an overwhelming wave of social information. It’s especially intense for adolescents whose developmental sensitivities drive them to care deeply about what their peers are doing and thinking.

Significant stress comes with trying to be a “good friend” in the age of social media. Friendship requires both public and behind-the-scenes support. Even before a social media post is made public, close friends can be pulled into photo selection, editing, and final examination. Besides, they need to respond in the right way and in the right amount of time, which differs from one relationship to another. Replying too quickly can be seen as over-eager, especially when the friendship is new or not close. But when it’s a close friend, too long a lag (延迟) can be hurtful.

The qualities that are key to building or breaking friendships are actually the same as they’ve always been: mutual (相互的) sharing of joys and sorrows, a give and take of acceptance and support, and an ability to weather and resolve conflicts. But technologies have transformed how friendships play out. Social media increases the burdens that come along with being a good friend. Too often, these dynamics hit teens hard in ways that are lost on adults. And that is what should be changed with the help of parents, schools and other parts of society.

1. What makes teenagers’ networks continue to expand?

A．The pressure to be nice.	B．The requests of their parents.
C．The need to meet more people.	D．The burden of living independently.

2. What does the author think of being a good friend in the age of social media?

A．Exciting.

B．Challenging.

C．Money-saving.

D．Risk-taking.

3. What should be changed according to the last paragraph?

A．The qualities of being a teen friend.

B．The conflicts between schools and parents.

C．The relations between parents and their teens.

D．The influences of social media on teen friendship.

4. What is the text mainly about?

A．Why more teens are addicted to social media

B．How teens nowadays gain long-standing friendships

C．How social media has made teen friendships more stressful

D．What makes teens become more sensitive to their peers’ needs

6 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Jean’s dream was to be a great chef, so when she was 20, she travelled to France, which has the most famous cuisine in the world, to learn to cook. After twelve years, she was among the best.

Her father, Bob, was getting old, and she wanted to be near him. Jean accepted an offer from one of Washington’s top restaurants. The manager offered her a handsome salary, and 30% ownership of the restaurant. The next day, Jean went to sign the contract. As she got out of the car, she caught sight of a green sunshade. Instead of going to meet the manager, she crossed the street towards the old restaurant, Fargonetti’s. She pushed open the door and the memories came flooding back.

Jean’s mum died when she was just 11, and her father lost his job and was forced to freelance (从事自由职业). Money was very short. When Jean turned thirteen, Bob had made a reservation at Fargonetti’s, the capital’s best restaurant.

“I’m not hungry, baby girl. I had a huge breakfast,” Bob said. “This is all for you!” “Oh,” Jean cried. “Daddy was so silly! He’s been saving to come here for lunch for MONTHS and now he ruined his appetite with breakfast!” The waiter, Carl Bader, immediately realised what was going on and went to Mr Fargonetti, the restaurant owner, and told him about Jean and Bob.

An hour later, surprisingly, the waiter brought wonderful dishes and set them before the father and daughter. “Lunch is on the house with Mr Fargoneti’s compliments (致意),” Carl said. For Bob and Jean, it was a free but magical meal. They were on cloud nine when they walked out. “Jean,“ said Bob happily. “I feel our luck has changed!” And it did! The next day, one of Bob’s old friends called and offered him a job at a new magazine, and Jean believed Fargonetti’s had made it all happen. That was when she decided to become a chef!

Twenty years later, the old restaurant looked run-down and sad, but Jean recognised the waiter immediately. “Carl?” she asked delightedly.

注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

The man looked surprised.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Jean was staring at Carl and a brilliant idea was taking shape in her mind.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7 . The Feynman Technique(费曼学习法)is a powerful method that you can use to learn anything faster because it forces you to actively think about the problem instead of passively reading or listening to someone else talk about it. You can take the following five simple steps to study better.

·Find out the topic you want to learn.     1     Otherwise, you'll end up jumping between topics without developing a deeper understanding of any of them.

·Explain the topic as if teaching a sixth-grader. This step is the heart of the FeynmanTechnique—    2    .This requires you to meet the child at their level of understanding by using the simplest way.

.Identify areas of improvement in your explanation. You’ll need to critically(批判性地)review the explanation you cane up with in Step Two     3    . Try to find any knowledge gaps, together with any areas where you felt that you couldn't explain the topic simply.

·Improve and optimiez(优化) your explanation. Think about all the knowledge gaps and other areas of improvement you found before.     4    

· Repeat the steps until you’ve achieved mastery of the topic. Keep going through each step you're fully satisfied with your explanation.    5    , and that is why going through all the prior steps just once is usually not enough to achieve topic mastery.

A．Use those to improve your explanation

B．To do so, take a critical look at your explanation

C．Make sure that your explanation is interest-based

D．Your explanations need to be short and to the point

E．The Feynman Technique works best with a repeat

F．It’s important that you clearly know the topics you’re trying to learn

G．Explaining the topic simply enough to be understood by a sixth-grade student

8 . In 1970s, a psychologist named J. P. Guilford conducted a famous study of creativity known as the nine-dot puzzle (九点谜题). He challenged research subjects to connect all nine dots using just four straight lines without lifting their pencils from the page. All the participants limited the possible solutions to those within the imaginary square. Only 20 percent managed to break out of the confinement (束缚) and continue their lines in the white space surrounding the dots.

The fact that 80 percent of the participants were effectively blinded by the boundaries of the square led Guilford to jump to the sweeping conclusion that creativity requires you to go outside the box. The idea went viral. Overnight, it seemed that creativity experts everywhere were teaching managers how to think outside the box. The concept enjoyed such strong popularity that no one bothered to check the facts. No one, that is, before two different research teams-Clarke Burnham with Kenneth Davis, and Joseph Alba with Robert Weisberg-ran another experiment.

Both teams followed the same way of dividing participants into two groups. The first group was given the same instructions as the participants in Guilford’s experiment. The second group was told that the solution required the lines to be drawn outside the imaginary box. Guess what? Only 25 percent solved the puzzle. In statistical terms, this 5 percent improvement is insignificant as this could be called sampling error.

Let’s look a little more closely at the surprising result. Solving this problem requires people to literally think outside the box. Yet participants’ performance was not improved even when they were given specific instructions to do so. That is, direct and clear instructions to think outside the box did not help. That this advice is useless should effectively have killed off the much widely spread — and therefore, much more dangerous — metaphor (比喻) that out-of-the-box thinking boosts creativity. After all, with one simple yet brilliant experiment, researchers had proven that the conceptual link between thinking outside the box and creativity was a misunderstanding.

1. What did the nine-dot puzzle study focus on?

A．Visual perception.

B．Thinking patterns.

C．Practical experience.

D．Theoretical knowledge.

2. Why did the two research teams run the follow-up experiment?

A．To test the catchy concept.

B．To contradict the initial idea.

C．To collect supporting evidence

D．To identify the underlying logic.

3. Which of the following best describes the follow-up experiment?

A．Groundless.

B．Inspiring.

C．Fruitless.

D．Revealing.

4. Which is the best title for the passage?

A．Puzzle Solving: A Key To Creativity

B．Thinking Outside the Box: A Misguided Idea

C．Nine-Dot Puzzle: A Magic Test

D．Creative Thinking: We Fell For The Trap

9 . In 2013, my husband Robin took a new job in Ghana. We relocated from London, where I worked as a photographer, to the capital, Accra.Robin worked,but my visa didn’t permit me to, and I was left homesick and lacking_______.With few people around, I turned to_______.I photographed horses and considered the outdoors the place where I felt most_______.

In September 2018,after one bad thunderstorm,I found a bird,barely a month old,on the ground. He was_______by his flock(群).His eyes were shut, too young to_______alone. I placed him in a cardboard box and stayed up all night, researching how to_______him.I spoke to an expert who said it would take 12 weeks to prepare him for the_______.

For the next 84 days, the_______bird lived on me. He would fly alongside me. As he learned to fly, he’d make short_______from my hand, to my shoulder, and then settled on my hair.I________ named him because I had to________myself that he needed to return to the wild. In return for putting his life back on course, he________me by giving me purpose. Three months later, he was ________ enough and flying farther from me. It was time for him to go. Then on a clear day when his flock returned,Robin and I took him out and the little bird flew away with them.

________him taught me how to live in the present. Last year,I joined local conservation efforts. That, along with the________that any little creature can make a difference, is what he left me.

1.

A．purpose

B．interest

C．experience

D．confidence

2.

A．family

B．sports

C．nature

D．school

3.

A．grateful

B．alive

C．stressed

D．scared

4.

A．envied

B．controlled

C．recognized

D．abandoned

5.

A．survive

B．fight

C．escape

D．play

6.

A．go with

B．care for

C．focus on

D．speak about

7.

A．travel

B．stay

C．wild

D．change

8.

A．rare

B．lazy

C．proud

D．tiny

9.

A．noises

B．dances

C．flights

D．stops

10.

A．kindly

B．cheerfully

C．once

D．never

11.

A．remind

B．promise

C．cheat

D．motivate

12.

A．attracted

B．honored

C．shocked

D．rewarded

13.

A．high

B．strong

C．smart

D．calm

14.

A．Raising

B．Tolerating

C．Evaluating

D．Amusing

15.

A．secret

B．message

C．news

D．lesson

10 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

I arrived in Beijing three weeks ago; a native Iowan of the United States far from the land-locked Midwestern state I call home. I was eager    1    (experience) all the differences life back home never gave me. Yet soon after    2    (I) arrival I noticed some similarities, although it was laughable at first to try and compare Iowa City, where I live,    3    a population of 70,000people, and Beijing, which has about 20 million people.

I soon recognized our common love for noodles. In Beijing noodles    4    (be) a part of the traditional everyday diet and an essential part of northern Chinese     5    (dish). I’m happy to report that noodles continue to be a part of my meals and are just as affordable.

Iowans know a lot about rural life as an     6    (agriculture) state and depend on it, like China, for jobs. Iowa is also known for raising quality pigs,    7    we love to eat and so do people in China. It is reported that pork makes up nearly three-fourths of the total meat     8    (consume) annually in China and Iowa is the     9    (large) pork producer in the US.

I suppose     10    a Beijinger sat down next to an Iowan on the subway, it would turn to be an interesting conversation.