1 . Popularization has in some cases changed the original meaning of emotional (情感的) intelligence. Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person's makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and “people skills.” Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities, but most of them move far beyond skill-based emotional intelligence.

We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims. Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person.

Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis (重视) on emotion by employers, educators and others interested in promoting social well-being. The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and researchers re-evaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life.

Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives (视角) from which to study how people manage their lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction.

1. What is a common misunderstanding of emotional intelligence?

A．It can be measured by an IQ test.	B．It helps to exercise a person’s mind.
C．It includes a set of emotional skills.	D．It refers to a person’s positive qualities.

2. Why does the author mention “doctor” and “cheater” in paragraph 2?

A．To explain a rule.	B．To clarify a concept.
C．To present a fact.	D．To make a prediction.

3. What is the author’s attitude to the popularization of emotional intelligence?

A．Favorable.	B．Intolerant.
C．Doubtful.	D．Unclear.

4. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning emotional intelligence?

A．Its appeal to the public.	B．Expectations for future studies.
C．Its practical application.	D．Scientists with new perspectives.

2 . British sculptor Jason Taylor has made it his mission to use his talent to conserve our ecosystems by creating underwater museums. Over the years, the environmentalist has put over 850 massive artworks underwater worldwide. On February 1, 2021, Taylor launched his latest work---The Underwater Museum of Cannes.

“The main goal was to bring attention to the fact that our oceans need our help,” Taylor told Dezeen. “Ocean ecologies have been destroyed by human activity in the Mediterranean over the past few decades, and it is not obvious what is taking place when observing the sea from afar.”

The Underwater Museum of Cannes contains 6 sculptures featuring local residents of various ages. They range from Maurice, an 80-year-old fisherman, to Anouk, a 9-year-old student. Towering over 6-feet-tall and weighing 10 tons, the faces are sectioned into two parts, with the outer part like a mask. The mask indicates that the world’s oceans appear powerful and unbeatable from the surface but house an ecosystem that is extremely fragile to careless human activities.

Though the waters surrounding the sculptures now appear a pristine blue, the seabed was filled with old boat engines, pipes, and other human-made trash when the project began about four years ago. Besides removing the trash, Taylor also restored the area’s seagrass. Just one square meter of the seagrass can generate up to 10 liters of oxygen daily. The seagrass also helps prevent coastal erosion and provides habitats for many ocean creatures.

“The idea of creating an underwater museum was to draw more people underwater and develop a sense of care and protection,” Taylor told Dezeen. “If we threw unwanted waste near a forest, there would be a public outcry. But this is happening every day in our surrounding waters and it largely goes unnoticed.”

1. What are the underwater museums intended to do?

A．To make huge profits.	B．To raise awareness of protecting the ocean.
C．To show Jason Taylor’s talent.	D．To draw attention to endangered sea animals.

2. Why does the outer part of the sculptures look like a mask?

A．To popularize the features of the locals.

B．To remind people to protect themselves.

C．To reflect people’s protection of the ocean.

D．To stress the sensitiveness of the ecosystem.

3. What’s Paragraph 4 mainly about?

A．How the project was started.	B．How the seagrass was restored.
C．What recovery effort the project made.	D．Why the surroundings were improved.

4. What can we infer from what Jason Taylor said in the last paragraph?

A．The situation of the ocean is easily ignored.

B．The destruction caused to the ocean is noticeable.

C．Forests play a more important role in ecosystems.

D．People have zero tolerance to damage done to nature.

3 . A robot with a sense of touch may one day feel “pain”, both its own physical pain and sympathy for the pain of its human companions. Such touchy-feely robots are still far off, but advances in robotic touch-sensing are bringing that possibility closer to reality.

Sensors set in soft, artificial skin that can detect both a gentle touch and a painful strike have been hooked up to a robot that can then signal emotions, Asada reported February 15 at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. This artificial “pain nervous system,” as Asada calls it, may be a small building block for a machine that could ultimately experience pain. Such a feeling might also allow a robot to “sympathize” with a human companion’s suffering.

Asada, an engineer at Osaka University, and his colleagues have designed touch sensors that reliably pick up a range of touches. In a robot system named Affetto, a realistic looking child’s head, these touch and pain signals can be converted to emotional facial expressions.

A touch-sensitive, soft material, as opposed to a rigid metal surface, allows richer interactions between a machine and the world, says neuroscientist Kingson Man of the University of Southern California. Artificial skin “allows the possibility of engagement in truly intelligent ways”.

Such a system, Asada says, might ultimately lead to robots that can recognize the pain of others, a valuable skill for robots designed to help care for people in need, the elderly, for instance.

But there is an important distinction between a robot that responds in a predictable way to a painful strike and a robot that’s able to compute an internal feeling accurately, says Damasio, a neuroscientist also at the University of Southern California. A robot with sensors that can detect touch and pain is “along the lines of having a robot, for example, that smiles when you talk to it,” Damasio says. ‘It’s a device for communication of the machine to a human.” While that’s an interesting development, “it’s not the same thing” as a robot designed to compute some sort of internal experience, he says.

1. What do we know about the “pain nervous system”?

A．It is named Affetto by scientists.	B．It is a set of complicated sensors.
C．It is able to signal different emotions.	D．It combines sensors and artificial skin.

2. What does the underlined word “converted” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?

A．Delivered.

B．Translated.

C．Attached.

D．Adapted.

3. What does Damasio consider as an interesting development?

A．Robots can smile when talked to.

B．Robots can talk to human beings.

C．Robots can compute internal feelings

D．Robots can detect pains and respond accordingly.

4. What can be the best title of the text?

A．Machines Become Emotional	B．Robots Inch to Feeling Pain
C．Human Feelings Can Be Felt	D．New Devices Touch Your Heart

4 . How to deal with stress at school

Stress is part of students’ life. While some stress can help inspire them to get work done, too much stress can cause problems with health, sleep and brain function. Now when you feel your stress building up inside, how can you manage it?     1    .

Work out your own learning ways

Students learn in different ways and have different learning styles. Some do homework all at once, while others need to take some breaks.     2    . However, other students remember well in the evening. So work out your best learning ways and you’ll feel relaxed.

Stay healthy and get enough sleep

    3    . As a result, their performance in school and work can suffer. Exercising, eating a healthy diet and getting enough sleep do good to school performance. When you take care of yourself, you just feel better!

    4    

Share your problems and how you are feeling and dealing with a parent, friend, teacher, or doctor. When you talk your stress out with some friends, chances are that some of them are going through the same thing and they might have some ideas to share. Besides, it helps to know you’re not alone.

Give yourself a break

You should feel good about taking break.     5     Some people find that quiet activities like reading a book or watching TV are the best way to relax. Others prefer more active breaks: working on personal projects, exercising like yoga or Tai Chi, Listening to music or spending time outdoors.

A．Talk to others.

B．Share your happiness.

C．Some students remember well in the morning.

D．Try one or more of the following.

E．Sometimes you feel tired.

F．And only you can say which activities work best for letting you relax.

G．Many students don’t focus on their health

5 . When it comes to having fun in the sun, it’s easy to lose track of time. If you’re not careful, this can be quite dangerous.    1     But it can easily be prevented — all you need is a little sunscreen.

    2     People have been using chemical pastes to protect themselves from the sun for centuries. But the first modern sunscreen sold on the market was offered by French company: L’oreal in 1935.

Several other companies were quick to release their own sunscreens. Perhaps the biggest advancement in the world of sunscreen came in the 1970s, when scientists started looking at the sun protection factor, or SPF.     3    

The advantages of using sunscreen are obvious. It limits the painful effects of sunburn.     4     Millions of people have died from skin cancer caused by ultraviolet rays from the SUITL. Remember to apply sunscreen 30 minutes before going outside.

Unfortunately, there are many mistaken ideas about sunscreen.     5     Some also think you only need to put it on once for a whole day’s protection or that you don’t need it on cloudy days. None of these things are true. Experts say you should apply sunscreen every two hours when outside- in the daytime, no matter how dark your skin is or what the weather is like.

A．And it can even save your life.

B．Sunscreen is not exactly a recent invention.

C．Choosing a sunscreen isn’t as simple as it used to be.

D．In direct sunlight, sunburn can occur in less than 15 minutes.

E．This rating is a number that shows how effective a sunscreen is.

F．It’s believed that you don’t need much sunscreen if you have dark skin.

G．Some think a good method is to cover as much as possible with protective clothing.

6 . During breakfast this morning, I watched my son, Jake, drag the kitchen chair to the counter (厨房案台). “Never drag the chair again, Jake!” I shouted. He’s been doing this on a(n) _________ basis for over a year. Each time we see it happen, my wife and I _________ the same way — shouting at him to stop. But each time we feel _________ that he is not learning this lesson.

As I reflect on this frequently-occurring scene, I _________ that I’ve been looking at this situation in the wrong way. He drags the chair because the charger for the iPad is on the _________. He wants to sit there and play while the Pad is being _________. My goal is to prevent the floor from being damaged _________ his goal is to play there. We actually become a(n) _________ to each other, getting in each other’s way _________ even knowing it.

For me, the deeper insight comes from recognizing just how quickly and __________ I keep using my power over him to get what I want at the __________ of what he wants. I justify (使正当有理) this behavior by reminding myself that I am the adult and I am teaching my son __________ and keeping him in line. Instead if I took a few minutes to __________ what he wanted. I could have made a change that __________ each of us to achieve our goals.

Why not __________ the charger to the living room next to our sofa?

1.

A．single

B．random

C．voluntary

D．regular

2.

A．vote

B．teach

C．respond

D．function

3.

A．cautious

B．disappointed

C．nervous

D．frightened

4.

A．expect

B．imagine

C．realize

D．predict

5.

A．sofa

B．counter

C．floor

D．chair

6.

A．charged

B．restarted

C．occupied

D．programed

7.

A．since

B．until

C．unless

D．while

8.

A．stranger

B．barrier

C．relative

D．attraction

9.

A．without

B．against

C．by

D．for

10.

A．sincerely

B．secretly

C．repeatedly

D．universally

11.

A．cost

B．request

C．bottom

D．mercy

12.

A．consequences

B．resistance

C．strategies

D．rules

13.

A．write down

B．think about

C．search for

D．put away

14.

A．allowed

B．expected

C．told

D．motivated

15.

A．drag

B．lift

C．throw

D．move

7 . Humans have a way of understanding others’ goals, desires and beliefs, a crucial skill that allows us to anticipate people’s actions. Taking bread out of the toaster? You’ll need a plate. Sweeping up leaves? You’ll grab the green trash can. This skill, often referred to as “theory of mind”, comes easily to us as humans, but for robots it still has a high mountain to conquer.

In a recent study, computer science researchers made the robot “watch” the human complete the task using a camera placed directly above the assembly(组装)area, looking down. To detect the parts operated by the human, the system used AprilTags, similar to QR codes, attached to the parts. Then, the system used machine learning to learn a person’s preference based on their orders of actions in the task. “Based on how a person performs the small assembly, the robot predicts what that person will do in the larger assembly,” said Nemlekar. “For example, if the robot sees that a person likes to start the small assembly with the easiest part, it will predict that they will start with the easiest part in the large assembly as well.”

In the researchers’ user study, their system was able to predict the actions that humans will take with around 82% accuracy. “We hope that our research can make it easier for people to show robots what they prefer,” said Nemlekar. “By helping each person in their preferred way, robots can reduce their work, save time and even build trust with them.”This technology could also be useful in industrial settings where workers are tasked with assembling products in large numbers, saving time and reducing the risk of injury or accidents. Additionally, it could help persons with disabilities to more easily assemble products and maintain independence.

“Our goal is not to replace humans on the factory floor. I expect similar findings in other applications as well,” said Nikolaidis. “A robot that can quickly learn our preferences can help us prepare a meal, rearrange furniture or do house repairs, having a significant impact on our daily lives.”

1. What does the underlined part mean in Paragraph 1?

A．It’s refreshing.	B．It’s challenging.
C．It’s unachievable.	D．It’s ridiculous.

2. What do researchers want to “teach” robots to do in assembly tasks?

A．To predict human preferences.	B．To get the tasks finished easily.
C．To think on their own.	D．To avoid human errors.

3. What can we learn about the robots from the last two paragraphs?

A．They can replace humans.	B．They’ve been widely used.
C．They’ve improved their accuracy.	D．They can do good to the disabled.

4. Where can the text probably be found?

A．In a lab guidebook.	B．In a computer textbook.
C．In a science newspaper.	D．In an academic paper.

8 . Try to picture the world before refrigerators. That may be difficult!     1     They may also help store leftovers there after dinner. Yes, life today would be quite different without refrigerators. How did people keep their food fresh before these machines were around?

    2     In cold areas, ancient people could freeze their food. They could then store it in ice and snow. Warmer places allowed for drying food in sunlight. Experts say these early practices gave people the option to settle and form communities.

One advanced method of food storage arose in Persia around 400 BC. People there stored food in structures called Yakhchal, which were buildings made from mud brick to keep ice frozen during even the warmest summer months. During the Middle Ages, people stored meat by salting or smoking it.     3     These foods could then be stored in cool places, like caves, allowing people to save food for difficult times.

Later, buildings called ice houses or ice pits were built upon the idea of the Yakhchal. Such ice houses were very common by the 1800s. At the end of the 19th century, many people kept their food fresh in iceboxes made of wood.     4     Ice delivery businesses grew with more homes requiring ice to store food.

By the 1930s, many people were using electric refrigerators to keep food fresh.     5     Many refrigerators today come with built-in ice makers. Some people even choose smart refrigerators that can help them with meal plans and grocery shopping.

A．They would also dry many foods, including grains.

B．These containers held large blocks of ice to keep food cool.

C．No one knows for sure how people first learned to store food.

D．After all, kids today are used to grabbing a snack from the fridge after school.

E．Since then, growth in technology has led these machines to become more advanced.

F．With no means to store food, ancient people often went hungry or even died.

G．Actually, people found different ways to keep their food fresh thousands of years ago.

9 . When Philip Santini noticed an infection, he contacted his primary care physician, Jane Chargot, M. D., and she gave him some medicine.

However, test results showed that he wasn’t recovering. Over the phone, Santini was told he would need to go to the hospital to get infusions (输液) three times a day for a week. He was packed and ready to head out to the hospital when he received another phone call. An alternative plan was suggested instead — Hospital Care at Home.

Care at Home, a Michigan Medicine program which improves the patient experience while freeing up hospital beds, has already admitted and transferred more than 50 patients from the emergency department and inpatient hospital to receive hospital level care from the comfort of their own homes.

Santini was the first direct registration patient for this program, meaning he never presented to the hospital initially. It was no surprise that there was a celebration for this milestone.

“I was ready to head out to the emergency department,” said Santini, who even had a list of things to take when he got a call from Stephanie Paran, R. N., a nurse at U-M Briarwood Family Medicine. “Hearing Paran’s words, I sprang to my feet and didn’t hesitate to accept the advice.”

Although he initially didn’t know what to expect, he later said what the care team did was far beyond his expectations, especially the caregivers. The staff gave him infusions three times a day for six days. They took his regular medications away, just like how they would in a hospital. They checked the infection, drew blood and even brought in an ultrasound machine. “I didn’t know that was possible,” Santini said. After discharge, a Michigan Visiting Nurse visited once a week until he completely recovered.

Santini believed treatment at home has helped the healing process. “I’ve never felt really comfortable in the hospital,” he said. “It’s hard to get good sleep there. At home I had my own food, my own bed, plus my wife is here. No one has to go out of their way to visit me. It’s a healthier experience. I would encourage anyone to consider it.”

1. What is the advantage of Care at Home?

A．It can reduce the patients’ expenses.

B．It can lessen the pressure on hospitals.

C．It can avoid the waste of medical resources.

D．It can improve the doctor-patient relationship.

2. How did Santini feel when hearing of Care at Home?

A．Hesitant.

B．Upset.

C．Excited.

D．Curious.

3. What can we infer about Care at Home from Paragraph 6?

A．It offers professional service.	B．It is much better than hospital.
C．It can make impossible possible.	D．It only provides one-week treatment.

4. What can be the best title for the text?

A．A Cure for Common Infection	B．A Tendency in Family Health
C．The Popularity of Medical Care	D．Hospital Level Care at Home

10 . A new picture book called When Dinosaurs Conquered the Skies: The Incredible Story of Bird Evolution explains the scientific idea that birds are dinosaurs. The writer Jingmai O’Connor describes herself on Instagram as a “dead bird fan”. With her PhD, she works at the Chicago Field Museum as an expert on the evolution of birds and flying dinosaurs.

O’Connor says people may know that birds are little dinosaurs. But they might not connect that fact to the birds they see. One purpose of her book, she said, is to achieve it. O’Connor also wants people to see birds as she does — as fascinating flying dinosaurs.

In her book, O’Connor also talks about the larger idea of science — namely the importance of making mistakes. Each mistake, she said, leads us closer to the truth. “Science is essentially a series of mistakes. And every mistake, you know, informs us a little bit more and gives us a little bit more information. But pretty much everything that we think is ‘truth’ right now is probably at least partly wrong. You know, there is so much we don’t know. But mistakes are part of the process.”

O’Connor is a Chinese-Irish American who grew up in Pasadena, California. She did not always want to study the remains of ancient living things. She began studying geology, like her mother. “But in my case, my mother went back to school to do her PhD when I was around 10 years old. And so, she had four kids…So, she would take us with her to not only the laboratory, but also into the field, which means going out to collect samples. So, I fell in love with geology.”

However, O’Connor had a larger goal in mind when she wrote her book. She said, “Through having greater respect for the living animals around us, I hope that people start to think more about how they impact the environment through their actions, so that we can all move towards a more sustainable future.”

1. Which is one of the goals of O’Connor’s book according to Paragraph 2?

A．To make connections.	B．To write a review.
C．To give instructions.	D．To make a profit.

2. What does O’Connor think of mistakes?

A．Unavoidable.	B．Meaningless.
C．Invaluable.	D．Uncontrollable.

3. What can be learned from Paragraph 4 about the author?

A．She had complex social relationships.

B．She wanted to be a geology teacher.

C．Her mother was her geology teacher.

D．Her mother had early effects on her.

4. What does O’Connor expect of her readers?

A．Being mindful of what they will say.

B．Creating a more sustainable lifestyle.

C．Organizing more outdoor activities.

D．Trying to make use of the findings.