1 . As families across Hampshire, a village in Britain, opened their homes to Ukrainian refugees (乌克兰难民), Jennie Maizels began a new chapter in her life.

On watching news report of people________ from Ukraine for a place to live in, Jennie had no________ in becoming a host family and presented her________ to Homes for Ukraine, a Facebook group, through which Marilia was________ to her.

Marilia arrived at Jennie’s house on an April sunny day when all the daffodils (水仙花) ________. It was like everywhere was saying “welcome”. Jennie even arranged a(n) ________ Ukrainian Easter party for Marilia in her garden. Naturally, there was much for Marilia to________ to, such as the driving on the left and the language. ________ since Jennie downloaded the translation app on Marilia’s phone, it had been amazing to see how her English had________.

Besides, Marilia was welcomed with open arms by the neighbors. “As soon as Marilia arrived, I phoned a local bar whose landlady was just________. She immediately offered Marilia work and paid a good________.” Jennie recalled. Jennie’s action had a huge amount of________ on the neighbors. ________, they invited Marilia for tea and cake in their houses.

Jennie was________ more people to consider________, since this had been so enriching and could make life fuller and happier.

2 . High school biology teacher Kelly Chavis knew smartphones were a problem in her class. For one class period, students used a whiteboard to count every Snapchat, Instagram, text, call or other notifications that appeared on their phones.   Chavis   told   students   not   to _________ these notifications.

Teachers around the country have done similar experiments, usually _________ dozens of markings on the whiteboard. Chavis, who teaches honours-level classes, was _________ by the results of her experiment.

Chavis is among a growing number of teachers, parents and health experts who believe that smartphones are now partly to blame for increasing the levels of student _________. The use of electronic devices is so _________ that the National Education Association newsletter said it was a “mental health tsunami (海啸)”.

Tests, after-school activities and problems at home can increase _________ for students. But research now _________ that smartphones and social media are some of the main reasons for the rising levels of uneasiness.

Last year, an editorial in the journal Paediatrics proposed that doctors ask young patients about their social media use as part of routine exams. Three researchers wrote that too much social media use might _________ the development of mental health disturbance in at-risk teenagers, such as feelings of _________, depression and anxiety.

Researchers are still not sure whether phones cause student depression or depression causes phone use. __________ 70 percent of teens see anxiety and depression as major problems among their peers, according to a Pew Research report. Nearly 60 percent of parents said they were __________ about the influence of social media on their children’s physical and mental health.

Schools are starting to take steps to deal with the problem. Many public schools pay outside companies to watch students’ social media activity for signs of __________. Others invite in yoga teachers and comfort dogs to help __________ students. Some schools have organized unplugged events — days in which people do not use their electronic devices. Less than 20 percent of students and school employees took part, __________ the control that technology has over their daily lives.

Some parents are not letting their children get smartphones until they grow up. Deirdre Birmingham of New Jersey __________ a campaign called “Wait Until Eighteenth” because she didn’t think her video game-loving 10-year-old son was ready for a smartphone. The campaign involves groups of parents who have children in the same class. These parents agree not to let their children get phones until they are teenagers.

3 . When the subject of friendship comes up in a conversation, you often hear some form of this complaint: It is hard to make friends as an adult. And if, for whatever reason, you do not _______ your childhood or college friends, you can end up in your 30s (or 40s, or 50s) knowing a lot of people, but being close to very few of them.

It is not hard to understand why. When you are overworked and overwhelmed, the _______ to have dinner with a friend versus turning on Netflix and eating pizza with your spouse (伴侣) can be hard to come by. But the research is clear: Close friendships are _______ to one’s best health and well-being.

“We’re _______ creatures,” said Serena Chen, a professor of psychology at the University of California, Berkeley. “When we’re intimate (亲密的) with another person, we can experience _______ mental and physical reactions in our body, mind and heart.”

But what exactly does _______ mean?

Popular culture is filled with enviable examples: the friend who will take a bullet for you; the friend who you can call in the middle of the night and always count on to be there for you, regardless of the _______; the friend with whom you can share anything.

_______ close friendships (unsurprisingly) do not need to be quite so extreme. “The key to a close friendship is intimacy (亲密), and a big part of intimacy is being able to be fully yourself and be seen and _______ by others,” Dr. Chen said.

Reciprocation (相互性) is also a key element to the ________ of intimacy. That explains why all the “likes” and compliments from your social media friends for something you share online—though they may feel good—don’t necessarily create intimacy because there is no ________ of ideas and feelings, explained Dr. Chen.

Now you may be left wondering, if close friendships really are that vital to the well-being of humans, wouldn’t it make more sense for us to be ________ skilled at making them? One would tend to think so, but it turns out that the opposite may be true: Close friendships are so important to us ________ they are so difficult to form.

According to John Cacioppo, the late social neuroscientist (神经学家) who specialized in the study of loneliness, humans would have evolved a built-in bias (偏见) against easily making friends because ________ an enemy would have been more important than making a friend. “If I make a mistake and detect a person as an enemy who turns out to be a friend, that’s O.K.—I don’t make the friend as fast, but I ________ .”

Dr. Capiocco said in a 2017 interview with The Atlantic. “But if I mistakenly detect someone as a friend when they’re in fact a dangerous enemy, that can cost me my life. Over evolution, we’ve been shaped to have this bias.”

4 . Telescope Searching for Space Treasure Unearths Giant Planet

A giant planet shrouded(遮盖)in clouds, in orbit(轨道)around a star 385 light years from our sun, has been captured by the James Webb Space Telescope in images described as a “_________ moment for astronomy.”

In observations led by a British astronomer, the pioneering telescope focused on a “gas giant” planet called HIP65426b. It captured images in infrared light(红外光), which allows astronomers to more _________ calculate the mass and temperature of “exoplanets”—the _________ for planets in orbit around other stars. It should ultimately allow them to detect clouds moving across their surface, _________ alien weather patterns on worlds hundreds of light years from our solar system. The images show the planet as “blobs(斑点) of light” in blue, purple, yellow and   red hues under various infrared wavelengths.

The planet is up to 12 times bigger than Jupiter and orbits about 100 times farther from its host star compared with the Earth’s distance from the sun, making it _________ for astronomers to separate the planet from its star when attempting to capture images of it. The planet is only 15 to 20 million years old, a fraction of the _________ of the Earth, which is 4.5 billion years old. Like Jupiter and Saturn, it has “no rocky surface and could not be _________,” NASA said.

The _________ of an exoplanet is usually detected when the light from a distant star appears to become less _________ at regular intervals, suggesting that a planet is passing across its face once per orbit like a tiny partial eclipse(日偏食). It is extremely difficult to capture a direct image of an exoplanet __________ they are thousands of times fainter than the stars they orbit.

James Webb used an instrument called a coronagraph to __________ light from HiP65426b’ s host star, which lies in the Centaurus constellation(半人马座), “Obtaining this image felt like __________ space treasure,” said Aarynn Carter, a researcher at the University of California. “At first, all I could see was light from the star, but with careful image processing, I was able to remove that light and uncover the planet.”

Analysis suggests that the planet has a red hue and a temperature of 1,300℃. The images could give a clue as to how Jupiter and Saturn looked in their __________ more than four billion years ago.

NASA said, “Webb’s view, at longer infrared wavelengths, shows new details that ground—based telescopes would not be able to detect __________ the intrinsic(本身的)infrared glow of Earth’s atmosphere.”

The telescope has already been used to analyze the __________ make—up of the atmosphere on another exoplanet, WASP—39b, detecting carbon dioxide by analyzing the spectrum(光谱) of light passing through its clouds.

5 . The most important life lesson I’ve learned from running is to run at my own pace. This lesson has guided me in many ways. _________, it made me challenge the fixed expectations of retirement and aging.

Running is a metaphor for life. I realized this while _________ for a marathon to celebrate my 60th birthday. All the other runners being faster than me made me _________. But my coach shared some valuable advice: run at your own best pace. Setting a goal or target time could be a _________. He was right. _________, I ran more easily and faster. I also enjoyed the experience much more.

I have _________ this principle to other areas of my life. Finding a rhythm is not about _________ or how many things I can get done in a day. It has more to do with what I decide to do at this stage in my life.

Running carries its own set of expectations, including what it meant to be a strong runner. But expectations also _________ to other areas of life, including what people at certain life stages should be doing or not doing. Expectations at my age can _________ how leisure time is spent, decisions about employment and even the role of a ____________.

I used to think it was young people who bore the brunt (冲击) of ____________, but older adults can experience it too. This is ____________, because often later in life is a time when we are less inclined to care about the opinions of others.

That is the message my running coach was trying to convey. ____________ what others are doing.

Their pace is not ____________ the pace you should run at. Run in your own way. It’s not better or worse -only ____________.

6 . Technology is connecting us in ways never seen before in human history. How will that change our societies, our relationships, ourselves?

That’s the question that ________ Michael Wesch. The last time communications technology had such a wide-ranging impact was 500 years ago with the invention of the printing press. Being able to print texts instead of writing them by hand ________ the world. It changed the way people could communicate with each other. Suddenly, multiple copies of books could be made quickly and easily. As more books became ________, ideas spread much more rapidly. But what will be the impact of digital technology, the most powerful ________ tool we have ever seen?

Michael Wesch argues that communication is ________ to our relationships, so it follows that a change in the way we communicate will change those relationships. Wesch, a university professor, explores digital communication in his work. ________, Wesch and his students look at social networking and other interactive Internet tools like YouTube. When people create and share personal videos on YouTube, anyone anywhere can watch them. Wesch says that this ________ some people feeling a sort of deep connection with the entire world. But it’s not a ________ relationship; it’s not the same as the connection you feel with a member of your family. In fact, as Wesch says, it’s a relationship without any real ________ that you can turn off at any moment. So does it make sense to talk about a YouTube “community”?

Wesch himself ________ the impact of digital media when he created and posted his own short video on YouTube. It attracted immediate attention and has been viewed millions of times. In his video, he tells us that webpages get 100 billion hits a day and that a new blog is started every half second. He asks us to ________ the power of this technology and how we use it. What could we do with it? What is its potential?

________ the university, in the real world, Wesch believes it’s crucial for people to be able to use the new environment of digital media for the greatest possible impact. “It’s the ________ of our times that we are now so connected we fail to see it. I want to believe that technology can help us see relationships and global connections in ________ new ways. It’s pretty amazing that I have this little box sitting on my desk through which I can talk to any one of a billion people. And yet do any of us really ________ all the potential that’s there?