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完形填空(约400词) | 困难(0.15) |
文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了传统上认为抛硬币是一种具有随机性的行为,但自18世纪以来,数学家就怀疑即使是均匀的硬币,朝一面的概率会略高于朝另一面。近期František Bartoš通过招募志愿者进行大规模抛硬币实验,发现硬币落地时同一面朝上的概率为50.8%,证明了存在微小的偏差,为此前的理论计算提供了实验证据。

1 . Heads or Tails?

Careful: It’s not 50-50

The phrase “coin toss” is a classic synonym for randomness. But since the 18th century, mathematicians have _________ that even fair coins tend to land on one side slightly more often than the other. Proving this tiny bias, _________, would require hundreds of thousands of carefully recorded coin flips, making laboratory tests a logistical (后勤的,组织协调的) _________.

František Bartoš, currently a Ph.D. candidate studying the research methods of psychology at the University of Amsterdam, became interested in this _________ four years ago. He couldn’t _________ enough volunteers to investigate it at first. But after he began his Ph.D. studies, he tried again, recruiting 47 volunteers from six countries. Multiple weekends of coin flipping later, including one 12-hour marathon _________, the team performed 350,757 tosses, breaking the previous record of 40,000.

With one side initially upward, the flipped coin landed with the same side facing _________ as before the toss 50.8 percent of the time. The large number of throws allows _________ to conclude that the nearly 1 percent bias isn’t a fluke (侥幸). “We can be quite sure there is a bias in coin flips after this data set,” Bartoš says.

The leading theory explaining the _________ advantage comes from a 2007 physics study by Stanford University statisticians, whose calculations predicted a same-side bias of 51 percent. From the moment a coin is launched into the air, its entire track — including whether it lands on heads or tails — can be calculated by the laws of __________. The researchers determined that airborne coins don’t turn around their symmetrical axis (对称轴); __________, they tend to move off-center, which causes them to spend a little more time high in the air with their initial “up” side on top.

For day-to-day decisions, coin tosses are as good as random because a 1 percent bias isn’t __________ with just a few coin flips, says statistician Ameli, who wasn’t involved in the new research. Still, the study’s conclusions should eliminate any lasting doubt regarding the coin flip’s slight bias. “This is great experiment-based evidence __________ the bias,” she says.

It isn’t difficult to prevent this bias from influencing your coin-toss matches; simply __________ the coin’s starting position before flipping it should do the trick. But if your friends are __________ the tiny bias, you may as well benefit from your slight advantage. After all, 51 percent odds beat a casino’s house advantage. “If you asked me to bet on a coin,” Bartoš says, “why wouldn’t I give myself a 1 percent bias?”

1.
A.confirmedB.deniedC.recordedD.suspected
2.
A.thereforeB.howeverC.for exampleD.vice versa
3.
A.nightmareB.contextC.interventionD.delay
4.
A.coinageB.disciplineC.challengeD.phrase
5.
A.cooperate withB.round upC.shrug asideD.count on
6.
A.analysisB.raceC.interviewD.session
7.
A.upwardB.evenlyC.downwardD.uniformly
8.
A.volunteersB.gamblersC.psychologistsD.statisticians
9.
A.accidentalB.dominantC.subtleD.prejudiced
10.
A.mechanicsB.relativityC.geometryD.chemistry
11.
A.moreoverB.insteadC.likewiseD.initially
12.
A.insignificantB.accessibleC.inclusiveD.perceptible
13.
A.reversingB.integrating withC.backing upD.rejecting
14.
A.concealingB.shiftingC.perceivingD.anchoring
15.
A.favourable toB.opposed toC.unaware ofD.suspicious of

2 . We love letters. Just as John Donne, a poet, _________ it, “Letters, to me and my friends mean _________ greetings; they get souls together. Thanks to letters, friends who are _________ speak.” He wrote these words nearly 400 years ago. Today, in the age of instant text message, social media, and email, they _________ ring truer than ever, because writing or receiving a letter has become such a _________ event.

A UK-wide survey undertaken by Sunday Times suggests that one in four of us has not _________ a letter for at least 10 years. That’s ten years without the bitter-sweet _________ of pacing the floor waiting for the _________; ten years without recognizing the handwriting on the envelope and eagerly _________ the letter to read its content.

We ____________ not get them any more, but we still love handwritten letters. In the same survey, one third of ____________ people interviewed say that they ____________ the content of sentimental (充满情感的) letters. Shouldn’t we make ____________ to give our friends and families what they will treasure forever? Ann Bickley went online in 2013 and offered to handwrite a letter to anyone who ____________ her. Her website received 50,000 ____________ in its first three months. Five years later, she is still the main ____________ behind one-million-lovely-letter.com and has personally written 4,000 letters offering hope and ____________ to strangers.

The thought behind a letter ____________ as much as its contents. “I never tell anyone that ____________ is going to be OK,” Ann Bickley says, “I am letting someone know that there is someone in the world who ____________ them.”

Who wouldn’t love to receive a letter like that? Let’s get writing!

1.
A.madeB.putC.helpedD.managed
2.
A.rather thanB.less thanC.more thanD.other than
3.
A.absentB.activeC.amusedD.admirable
4.
A.alsoB.yetC.alreadyD.still
5.
A.popularB.commonC.rareD.simple
6.
A.receivedB.sentC.writtenD.rejected
7.
A.successB.pleasureC.concernD.calmness
8.
A.engineerB.doctorC.policeD.postman
9.
A.seizingB.tearingC.hidingD.carrying
10.
A.canB.mustC.mayD.shall
11.
A.AmericanB.ChineseC.AustralianD.British
12.
A.forgetB.changeC.rememberD.notice
13.
A.moneyB.roomC.historyD.time
14.
A.contactedB.interviewedC.consultedD.admired
15.
A.guestsB.visitorsC.friendsD.partners
16.
A.forceB.strengthC.sourceD.energy
17.
A.effortB.comfortC.surpriseD.experience
18.
A.educatesB.guidesC.mattersD.rewards
19.
A.nothingB.anythingC.somethingD.everything
20.
A.looks afterB.cares aboutC.struggles forD.agrees with
完形填空(约210词) | 困难(0.15) |

3 . Ferdinand de Lesseps, once a French diplomat(外交官),became_____with the cultures of the Mediterranean(地中海)and Middle East and the growth of western European____. But in 1849 he retired after a disagreement with the French government.

In 1854,_____his expectation, he returned to Egypt, ____he was given a warm welcome and, soon afterwards, permission to begin work____the Suez Canal. De Lesseps had been ____by reading about Napoleon's abandoned plans for a______that would allow large ships wishing to sail to the east to go____ from the Mediterranean to the Red Sea, therefore ____out the long sea journey around Africa.

De Lesseps’ plan was______by an International commission of engineers, but failed to win the support of the British government, _____de Lesseps making a number of trips to London. He persevered and_____attracted financial support from the French emperor Napoleon III and others.

De Lesseps was no____- his achievement lay_____ organizing the necessary political and financial backing, and providing the technical support______for such a huge project.______ began in April 1859, and the Suez Canal was____in November 1869. British attitudes changed when the canal was seen to be a______and de Lesseps was treated as a great celebrity (名人) on his later visit to Britain. In 1875, the Egyptian government sold its____. in the canal and the British prime minister, Benjamin Disraeli, ____effective control of the Canal Company.

1.
A.fascinatedB.tiredC.adaptedD.expected
2.
A.conflictB.seaC.tradeD.product
3.
A.beyondB.inC.outD.to
4.
A.whenB.whereC.whichD.what
5.
A.inB.offC.throughD.on
6.
A.paidB.imaginedC.picturedD.inspired
7.
A.riverB.lakeC.canalD.pass
8.
A.constantlyB.directlyC.instantlyD.theoretically
9.
A.cuttingB.puttingC.findingD.setting
10.
A.supposedB.objectedC.backedD.suspected
11.
A.thoughB.despiteC.evenD.otherwise
12.
A.beneficiallyB.eventuallyC.surprisinglyD.adequately
13.
A.engineerB.officerC.emperorD.planner
14.
A.onB.downC.ofD.in
15.
A.secureB.presentC.necessaryD.abundant
16.
A.ContributionB.ConsultationC.ConstitutionD.Construction
17.
A.openedB.closedC.challengedD.traded
18.
A.unionB.movementC.successD.pressure
19.
A.goodsB.sharesC.projectD.power
20.
A.madeB.challengedC.agreedD.bought
2019-08-22更新 | 97次组卷 | 1卷引用:浙江省宁波市2019届高考5月模拟测试英语试题
完形填空(约300词) | 困难(0.15) |

4 . In 1984, I, a passionate student, was heading for the university with the dream of sitting on a Supreme Count bench somewhere. Twenty-one years later I am still a passionate _______ and one with quite a different tale to tell.

My grandma, a(n) _______ woman, graduated from college at the age of 65. She was the first in our family to reach that goal. But one year after I started college, she _______ cancer. I made the choice to _______ from college to care for her. It meant that school and my personal dream would have to _______.

Then I got married with another _______: building my family with a combination of adopted and _______ children. In 1999, we adopted our first son. A year later came our second adopted boy. Then _______ son No. 3. In 2003, I gave birth to another boy.

You can imagine how _______ occupied I became, raising four boys on my own. Our home was a complete zoo—joyous zoo. Not surprising. I never did ______________ it back to college full-time. ______________ I never gave up on the dream either. I had only one choice: to find a way. That meant ______________ as few as one class each semester.

The hardest part was feeling ______________ about the time I spent away from the boys. They often wanted me to stay home with them. There ______________ were times when I wanted to quit, but I knew I should set a(n) ______________ for them to follow through the rest of their lives.

In 2006, I graduated from the University of North Carolina. It took me over 21 years to get my ______________ degree!

I am not special, just singe-minded. It always ______________ me that when you’re looking at a big challenge from the ______________ it looks huge, but when you’re in the midst of it, it just seems normal. Everything you want won’t arrive in our life on one day. It’s a ______________. Remember: little steps ______________ big dreams.

1.
A.dreamerB.graduateC.motherD.lawyer
2.
A.humorousB.attractiveC.intelligentD.amazing
3.
A.deliveredB.possessedC.developedD.produced
4.
A.withdrawB.escapeC.dropD.free
5.
A.cancelB.reachC.waitD.start
6.
A.ambitionB.dealC.dreamD.conclusion
7.
A.ecologicalB.psychologicalC.physicalD.biological
8.
A.accompaniedB.followedC.involvedD.engaged
9.
A.fullyB.mostlyC.hardlyD.busily
10.
A.returnB.giveC.makeD.get:
11.
A.OrB.SoC.ThoughD.But
12.
A.changingB.takingC.shiftingD.setting
13.
A.concernedB.guiltyC.determinedD.angry
14.
A.with certaintyB.by coincidenceC.at randomD.in case
15.
A.goalB.motivationC.exampleD.image
16.
A.graduateB.doctorC.masterD.bachelor
17.
A.dawnsB.strikesC.occursD.sticks
18.
A.upsideB.middleC.outsideD.inside
19.
A.processB.lifeC.choiceD.destiny
20.
A.turn toB.add toC.build upD.add up to
2019-06-03更新 | 395次组卷 | 2卷引用:【区级联考 】浙江省绍兴市柯桥区2019届高三5月第二次模拟(含听力)英语试题
完形填空(约380词) | 困难(0.15) |
文章大意:本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了作者在商店里帮助一个五六岁的小男孩给天堂中的妹妹买洋娃娃以及给即将去天堂的妈妈买白玫瑰花,字里行间都体现了小男孩对妈妈和妹妹深深的爱。

5 . I was walking around in a store _______ I saw a Cashier talking to a boy less than 5 or 6 years old. The Cashier said, “I’m sorry, but you don’t have enough money to buy this doll.” Then the little boy _______ me and asked, “Uncle, are you sure I don’t have enough money?”

I counted his cash and nodded. The little boy was still holding the doll in his hand. Out of _______, I asked him who he presented the doll to. “It’s the doll that my sister loved most and longed for it so much. I wanted to _______ her for her Birthday. I have to give the doll to my mommy _______she can give it to my sister when she goes there.” His eyes were so _______ while saying this.

“My Sister _______ to be with God. Daddy says that Mommy is going to see God very soon too, so I thought that she could give it to my sister.” My heart _______ stopped. Then he showed me a very nice photo _______ him, where he was laughing. He looked up at me, ________: “I want mommy to take my picture with her so my sister won’t ________ me, I love my mommy and I wish she doesn’t have to leave me, but daddy says that she ________ my little sister.”

Then he looked again at the doll with grieved eyes, very quietly. I quickly ________ for my wallet and said to the boy. “ ________ we check again, just in case you do have enough money for the doll?” He stared at me ________. I added some of my money to his without his ________ . There was enough for the doll and even some ________ money.

With eyes wide open, the little boy said excitedly, “Thank you God for giving me enough money! I prayed to God to ________ I had enough money to buy this doll. He heard me! I also wished to have some to buy a white rose for mommy, but I didn’t dare to ask ________ . But he gave me enough to buy the doll and a white rose. My mommy loves white roses.”

Two days later, I read in the news paper that the young woman had passed away. But the ________ that the little boy had for his mother and his sister is still, to this day, hard to imagine.

1.
A.whenB.whileC.sinceD.though
2.
A.went afterB.looked afterC.turned toD.adjusted to
3.
A.excitementB.curiosityC.defenseD.confusion
4.
A.passB.giveC.handD.gift
5.
A.as ifB.so thatC.ever sinceD.in case
6.
A.relievedB.grievedC.relaxedD.satisfied
7.
A.has goneB.is goingC.had goneD.was going
8.
A.closelyB.almostC.nearlyD.just
9.
A.inB.toC.byD.of
10.
A.addingB.askingC.replyingD.suggesting
11.
A.doubtB.trustC.forgetD.leave
12.
A.accompaniesB.supportsC.visitsD.misses
13.
A.regainedB.reachedC.offeredD.took
14.
A.SupposeB.ImagineC.ConsideringD.Given
15.
A.weaklyB.worriedlyC.excitedlyD.hopefully
16.
A.noticeB.consentC.praiseD.look
17.
A.usefulB.hiddenC.spareD.extra
18.
A.ensureB.guaranteeC.promiseD.commit
19.
A.lessB.moreC.a bitD.a few
20.
A.memoryB.preferenceC.interestD.love
2018-12-25更新 | 689次组卷 | 1卷引用:【市级联考】浙江省杭州市2019届高三上学期模拟卷十八英语试题
2012·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测
完形填空(约260词) | 困难(0.15) |
名校
6 . 完形填空
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从1~20各题所给的四个选项(A.B.C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。
Vision is the art of seeing what is invisible to others. -- Jonathan Swift
I walked into a wild third-grade classroom. Music was playing ____, children were under tables applying make-up, kids were throwing a football indoors, and students were ____ wherever they could find ____ I was a mid-year ____ The previous ____ said he could no longer manage these children and ____ without notice during the holiday break.
As soon as I walked in the room, I realized why he ____ I sat down ____ in my chair and began reading their ____ softly. After each name, I ____, asking God to help me understand that child. I then nailed a____ to the wall next to the chalkboard and began ____ my name and a reading assignment on the board. I then asked each child to come to me, and tell me their names and what they wanted to learn. It was a ____ task, because only two children there wanted to learn something! Rules were ____, boundaries established, parents contacted. But the mirror saved the day -- no, the year! Unbeknownst(不知的) to the children, the mirror allowed me to see their every ____ while I was writing on the board. They soon became ____ as to how I knew who was misbehaving while I was writing on the board. When one student finally asked me, I told him I had a special teacher’s eye in the back of my head that my hair ____ At first they did not believe me. ____ they did begin to exhibit better behavior, especially while I wrote on the board, thinking I had magical ____ I never told them differently. Why ____ a good thing?1.
A.softlyB.clearlyC.loudlyD.peacefully
2.
A.speakingB.laughingC.standingD.dancing
3.
A.spaceB.musicC.partnerD.joke
4.
A.representativeB.replacementC.referenceD.reward
5.
A.teacherB.headmasterC.directorD.leader
6.
A.retiredB.remainedC.resignedD.returned
7.
A.wentB.cameC.leftD.disappeared
8.
A.angrilyB.restlesslyC.indifferentlyD.quietly
9.
A.namesB.facesC.figuresD.minds
10.
A.preparedB.prayedC.protectedD.preferred
11.
A.boardB.mirrorC.crossD.picture
12.
A.notingB.copyingC.writingD.drawing
13.
A.difficultB.differentC.distantD.direct
14.
A.datedB.writtenC.workedD.set
15.
A.makeB.moveC.matterD.mind
16.
A.pleasedB.puzzledC.knownD.worried
17.
A.coveredB.hookedC.hungD.displayed
18.
A.SoB.HoweverC.AndD.But
19.
A.viewB.sceneC.eyesD.vision
20.
A.mix upB.bring upC.mess upD.burn up
2016-11-26更新 | 1155次组卷 | 4卷引用:2015届浙江浙江大学附属中学高三高考全真模拟英语试卷
共计 平均难度:一般