1 . What do you know about fashion? The fashion industry, which has become one of the most _________ to the planet, is having a moment of punishment. But which changes make a difference, and which ones just _________ in the wash? In fact, the fashion industry is second only to the oil industry, the most environmentally unfriendly industry.

A friend of mine _________ an antique clothes store in the north of London. Business has been good for many years, which makes her acquire a large fortune. Every few weeks, she visits a vast storehouse on the edge of the city to go through piles of clothing. Most of it is _________, but if you know what you are looking for, there are raw diamonds. The storehouse has a long history. It was once a clearing house for the low-quality wool scraps(碎料) that were used to make cheap clothing for the _________ in Victorian Britain. A century on, _________ has changed. Nowadays, it is full of modern-day inferior products, all _________ cheap clothing made for the masses around the world. Except that this stuff is going to be burned or buried, not being reused.

The items are the products of an industry that, in the past 30 years, has become one of the most successful and also most _________ on the planet. Known as fast fashion, it has filled our wardrobes(衣柜) with cheap and cheerful clothes. But after three decades of continuous growth, the model is in _________ with fundamental environmental limits and there is widespread agreement – even from within the industry – that it is time to ____________. Otherwise, “Fast fashion” creates a mountain of unsellable, cheap clothing that ends up in a terrible place.

“The fashion industry represents a key environmental ____________,” says Kirsi Niinimäki at Aalto University in Espoo, Finland. “Eventually, the long-term stability of the fashion industry ____________ the total abandonment of the fast-fashion model.” Like fast food, fast fashion is all about instant ____________ on the cheap.

One wonders: What can we do about it? Don’t you have any clothes on? It’s not that ____________. More importantly, don’t waste, learn to control your desires and ____________ falling into this “Fast fashion” lifestyle. As the guardian columnist Lucy Seagal once said, the “Fast fashion” industry is profit-driven, but consumers who have experienced “over-consumption” will naturally grow tired of it, and the market will have its choice.

2 . Founded in 1880, the journal Science nowadays continues to publish the very best in research across the sciences. It is _________ an extra round of statistical (数据的) checks to its peer-review process, editor-in-chief Marcia McNutt announced today. The policy follows similar efforts from other journals, after widespread concern that basic mistakes in data analysis are _________ the irre-producibility (不可复制) of many published research findings.

“Readers must have _________ in the conclusions published in our journal,” writes McNutt in an editorial. Working with the American Statistical Association, the journal has _________ seven experts to a statistics board of reviewing editors (SBoRE). Manuscripts will be flagged up for additional scrutiny (审查) by the journal’s internal editors, or by its existing Board of Reviewing Editors or by _________ peer reviews. The SBoRE panel will then find external statisticians to _________ these manuscripts.

Asked whether any particular papers had _________ the change, McNutt said: “The creation of the ‘statistics board’ was motivated by concerns _________ with the application statistics and data analysis in scientific research. And it is part of Science’s overall _________ to increase re-producibility in the research we publish.”

Giovanni Parmigiani, a bio-statistician at the Harvard School of Public Health, a member of the SBoRE group, says he __________ the board to “play primarily a consultive role”. He agreed to join because he “found the foresight behind the establishment of the SBoRE to be __________, unique and likely to have a lasting impact. This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself, but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to __________ their approach after Science.

Professional scientists are expected to know how to analyze data. __________, statistical errors are alarmingly common in published research, according to David Vaux, a cell biologist at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research in Parkvilie, Australia. Researchers should improve their standards, he wrote in Nature in 2012, but journals should also take a(n) __________ line. Vaux says that Science’s idea to pass some papers to statisticians “has some merit, but a weakness is that it relies on the board of reviewing editors to __________ the papers that need scrutiny in the first place.”

3 . On a bright sunny day, I stared my day off by volunteering at the L. A. Food Bank. My reason for volunteering at the food bank was to satisfy my need to help others and leave a _________, however small a difference it is, in someone’s world. As I_________the food bank, there were lots of people there. The room appeared to be _________as people waited in lines to _________with coordinators (协调员). Everybody volunteering began heading quickly to their given _________ after checking in. Coordinators _________ me to repackage donated food items (物品) from local food drives after being sorted and _________ by other volunteer. When I _________ the donated food items, each bag had to _________ the correct amount of food items. As a team. we effectively worked similarly to a __________assembly (装配) line as the items continuously moved down the __________to volunteers. We __________placed the food items into bags before the table would get overcrowded. My __________ was that all this hard work and effort would be worth it by allowing us to __________ those in need. My task required a lot of __________ when trying to work swiftly with my hands while ensuring that items placed in bags were correctly __________·Here I had a chance to communicate with a variety of people while improving my __________ skills .We worked together as a team to __________ that our task was going effectively.

By helping pack food items. I was able to make as significant impact on my community by helping people fight __________ and giving them hope for a better life. After this experience, I feel a sense of __________within me which does not usually happen.

4 . Biology is making it clearer that a man’s health and well-being have a measurable impact on his future children’s health and happiness. This is not because a strong, responsible man has a greater ______ of being a good dad—or not only for that reason—or because he’s probably got good genes. Whether a good man’s genes are good or bad(and whatever “good” and “bad” mean in the context)，his children’s bodies and minds will reflect ______ choices he has made over the years, even if he made those choices ______, he ever imagined himself strapping on a baby Bjorn.

Doctors have been telling men for years that smoking, drinking and recreational drugs can lower the ______ of the sperm(精子). What doctors should probably add is that the health of unborn children can be affected by what and how much men eat; the toxins(poisonous substances)they ______, the traumas(unpleasant experiences)they endure, their poverty or powerlessness; and their age at the time of conception(怀孕). ______, what a man needs to know is that his life experience leaves ______ traces on his children. Even more astonishingly, those children may pass those traces along to their children.

Lately scientists have been obsessed with(着迷于)a means of ______ that isn’t genetic but isn’t non-genetic either. It’s epigenetic,“Epi”,in Greek, means “above” or “beyond”. Think of epigenetics as the way our bodies modify their genetic makeup. Epigenetics describes ______ genes are turned on or off, in part through compounds that get on top of DNA—or else jump off it—______ whether it makes the proteins that tell our bodies what to do.

In the past decade or so, the study of epigenetics has become so ______ that it is practically a craze. Psychologists and sociologists particularly like it because gene expression or suppression(抑制)is ______ affected by the ______ and plays at least as large a role as genes do in the development of a person’s characteristics, body shape and tendency to disease. I’ve become obsessed with epigenetics because it ______ me as both game-changing and terrifying. Our genes can be switched on or off by three environmental factors, among other things: what we ingest(food, drink, air, toxins)，what we ______(stress, trauma)，and how long we live.

6 . Language studies traditionally have paid much attention to verbal and written language. But recently they have begun to consider language without _______ , for people regard nonverbal(非言语的) _______ as having meaning. Nonverbal acts either accompany verbal messages are used _______ . They may support or even contradict _______ messages. They are more likely to be used _______ because they are habitual and routine behaviors.

In some _______ , people express more nonverbally than verbally. If you ask an obviously depressed person, “What’s wrong?”, and he answers, “Nothing. I’m fine, ”you probably won’t _______ him. When an angry person says, “Let’s _______ the subject. I don’t want to talk about it anymore!” actually he hasn’t _______ communicating. His withdrawal and ________ continue to convey emotional meaning.

One study showed that 93 percent of the ________ was communicated by the tone of the ________ and facial expressions, while only 7 percent of the speaker’s attitude was conveyed by words. It is ________ that we express our emotions and attitudes more nonverbally than verbally.

Nonverbal communication expresses ________ or feeling beyond words. Universal emotions, such as happiness, fear, and sadness, are expressed in a ________ nonverbal way throughout the world. There are, however, nonverbal differences across cultures that may be a source of ________ for foreigners. For example, feelings of friendship ________ everywhere but their expression ________ . It may be acceptable in some countries for men to embrace each other and for women to hold hands; in other countries these acts of ________ may be shocking.

What is acceptable in one culture may be completely unacceptable in another. In order to correctly ________ another culture’s style of communication, it is necessary to study the ”silent language“ of that culture.

7 . Expressive arts therapy is a form of therapy that uses dance, drama, music, poetry, and art to enhance one's overall well－being. The arts are used to let go, _____ and to release.

People have been using the arts as tools for _____for many centuries. In the early 1940's expressive arts therapy became formally _____ and has since provided meaningful therapeutic _____ for people of all ages in a variety of treatment settings. There is no right or wrong way in the arts and clients are encouraged to be _____ with self－expression. Expressive arts therapy focuses on the _____ of making art and exploring _____ the piece means to the individual, _____ the final product.

Through the arts, people can _____ ideas and feelings that may be hard to put into words, such as negative memories and stress. It has been _____ that use of the arts can help people develop social skills, _____ anxiety, manage behavior, and increase self－confidence. A free form of expression makes clients _____ of their own work by reducing the need to compare themselves to others, an unfortunate problem seen today.

Expressive arts therapists are professionally _____. Anyone can be an expressive art therapist provided that they get the appropriate training. Knowledge in psychology is _____ to all training, but from there training _____ includes getting a master's degree in counseling with specialized instruction in implementing (实施) the art, music, poetry, and dance/movement therapeutically. Some professionals extend their _____ and obtain a PhD in expressive therapy.

_____ expressive arts therapy is unique, the clinical goal is _____ to other mental health professions. This _____ is to facilitate clients' growth and _____ change.

8 . Group-Centered Societies Have Just as Much Creativity

What does culture have to do with creativity? The answer could be “a lot”. For decades, psychologists trying to understand the roots of creative imaginations have looked at the ways in which two different types of cultures can come to have an effect over its artistic and _________ output. Individualistic cultures encourage people to be unique and to _________ their own interests even if doing so comes at a cost to the group overall. Collectivistic cultures are based on relationships and duties to other people. These types of cultures often _________ the individual’s wants for the needs of those who are close to them or for those in their community.

Individualism has long been thought to have a creative _________. Individualists _________ social convention, the logic goes, and that pushback supports innovation. For instance, around the world, individualistic cultures have more patents than collectivistic cultures do. _________, a new study suggests that these ideas about culture and creativity could be off base. People in collectivistic cultures actually do better with a particular type of creative thinking than those in individualistic cultures. And the findings overall reveal the shortcomings of thinking about innovation too _________.

The new work comes from comparing communities in different parts of China. Though it scores high, as a nation, on measures of cultural _________, China’s 1.4 billion people are more than just a single culture. People from areas north of the Yangtze River tend to be more _________, open to strangers and self-confident, whereas people along the river and farther south are often more inter-dependent, partial to friends over strangers and likely to try harder to __________.

In the new creativity study, researchers investigated innovation with these two groups in mind. The team used a drawing test that had been created by psychologists. They gave kids a sheet of paper with just a few basic elements printed on it: some dots here, squiggles (弯曲的线条) there, and a rectangle that suggested a drawing frame. The children got 15 minutes to use the elements already on the page to draw whatever they wanted. They could get “adaptive creativity” points for doodling in ways that connected the squiggles and lines into an original and __________ image. In addition, a judge checked whether the children chose to incorporate a small shape that could be found just outside the rectangular. This element was easy to __________, so those who included this outside-the-box detail could get points for “boundary-breaking creativity.”

The researchers gave the test to 683 middle school students from north and south of the Yangtze River. When the scientists got the scores back, they discovered that there were no differences in the children’s overall creativity. When they broke down the results into components, they found that students from collectivistic regions scored __________ in adaptive creativity while those from individualistic areas did better in boundary-breaking creativity.

The findings are also a warning against cultural chauvinism (极端民族主义). Western countries have tended to lead the way in innovation — at least as defined by the metrics (指标) we Westerners have created. Perhaps we have been __________ China’s adaptive creativity. For example, while the country may not have invented the assembly line, it is largely thanks to the __________ its people have made to this system that the country has such a thriving manufacturing sector today.

9 . ‘Small Data’ Are Also Crucial for Machine Learning

Many people relate “artificial intelligence” with “big data.” There’s a reason for that: some of the most prominent AI breakthroughs in the past decade have relied on enormous data sets. Image _________ made great progress in the 2010s thanks to the development of ImageNet, a data set containing millions of images hand sorted into thousands of categories. More recently, GPT-3, a language model, was trained on _________ online texts to produce humanlike text in Jan, 2021. So it is not surprising to see AI being tightly connected with “big data” in the _________ imagination. But AI is not only about large data sets, and research in “small data” approaches has grown extensively over the past decade. The so-called transfer learning serves as an especially _________ example.

Also known as “fine-tuning,” transfer learning is helpful in settings where you have _________ data on the task of interest but abundant data on a related problem. You need to first train a model using a big data set and then retrain slightly using a smaller one related to your _________ problem. A research team working on German-language speech recognition, _________, showed that they could improve their results by starting with an English-language speech model trained on a larger data set. Then, they used transfer learning to _________ that model for a smaller data set of German-language audio.

Small data approaches such as transfer learning are more _________ than more data-intensive methods. They can promote progress in areas where little or no data exist, such as in forecasting natural hazards that occur relatively __________. In this context, small data approaches will become increasingly important as more organizations look to diversify AI application areas and invest in previously __________ fields.

Despite the progress in research, transfer learning has received relatively little __________. While many machine learning experts are likely familiar with it at this point, the existence of techniques such as transfer learning does not seem to have reached the awareness of the broader space of policymakers in positions of making important decisions about AI funding and __________.

As long as the success of small data technique like transfer learning is __________, resources can be allocated to support their widespread use. In that case, we can help correct the popular __________ regarding the role of data in AI and foster innovation in new directions.