1 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Among China’s various forms of silk products, yunjin,    1     unique variety, has been attractive for thousands of years. The origin of yunjin can be traced to the late Eastern Jin Dynasty (317-420), when general Liu Yu defeated the Later Qin kingdom and     2     (bring) the kingdom’s craftsmen from Chang’an to the then capital Nanjing.

The influence of the craft on Nanjing is evident. In China’s literary classic Dream of the Red Chamber,     3     (write) by Nanjing-born novelist Cao Xueqin, yunjin garments are     4     (frequent) mentioned. Besides, many places in the city are named     5     silk manufacturing processes, such as Rongzhuang Street and Jinxiu Workshop.

After the     6    (establish) of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, the country continued to place special emphasis on     7    (preserve) and passing down the weaving technique, founding the Nanjing Yunjin Research Institute in 1957.

Earlier this century,    8    (display) the brocade (织锦), the institute set up the Nanjing Yunjin Museum,    9     is the only professional museum in China, including its history, weaving technique, culture, and contemporary artworks.

And now, with the support of technology and research conducted by the institute, yunjin craftsmanship and teaching are increasingly efficient and     10    (effect). In 2009, the craftsmanship of Nanjing yunjin was included on UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.

As winter comes, hands and feet can easily get cold, especially among     1     (woman). Thick gloves might be a good choice, yet sometimes wearing them is not     2    (convenience), especially when people want to do something with their hands. However, this was not a problem for ancient Chinese people,     3     had a tool to keep their hands warm: hand warmers.

There is no accurate     4     (write) record regarding the origin of this tool, but there are some tales about its     5     (invent). One folk story concerns Emperor Yangdi from the Sui Dynasty(581-618) who visited Jiangsu in the winter. Due to the bitter cold, manufacturers were ordered     6     (make) a small warmer for the emperor that could     7     (hold) in one’s hands. Thus the hand warmer was created. By the Song Dynasty(960-1279), the tool was     8     widespread use. Techniques for producing the tool were extensively employed in the Ming and Qing dynasties.

Many poems and books from this period recorded people     9     (use) hand warmers. The Dream of the Red Chamber, the classic novel by Cao Xueqin from the Qing Dynasty, also featured a maid sending     10     hand warmer to Lin Daiyu in one chapter.

We’ve all heard that laughter is the     1    (good) medicine, and it’s true. Laughter makes you feel better and it’s also good     2    your relationships. Laughter brings people closer, and is a     3    (power) tool for making you relax when feelings are running high. Whether with your friends and family, or co-workers, you can learn to use humor     4    (solve) disagreements, lower everyone’s stress levels, and communicate in a way that deepens the relationships.

Humor plays     5    important role in all kinds of relationships. In new relationships, humor can be a useful tool not just for     6    (attract) the other person but also for getting over any awkwardness (尴尬) arising when we get to know each other. In old relationships, humor can keep things more exciting and fresher.

Sharing the pleasure of humor     7    (create) a sense of closeness and connection between two people—qualities that are signs of strong and successful     8    (relationship). When you laugh with one another, you create a positive relationship between you,     9    acts as a strong buffer (缓冲剂) against stress, disagreements and disappointments in your relationship. And laughter is spreading—just hearing someone laugh often makes you smile     10     (happy) and join in the fun.

When Beethoven was only four, his father decided to make him a musician. Beethoven was made to practice     1     (play) different musical instruments hour after hour. Whenever he did not put his heart into his practice, his father would be strict     2     him.

    3     (fortune), the boy loved music very much and learnt so fast that he was able to go around and give     4     (concert) when he was only 11. When he was 17, he received high praise from Mozart,     5     great Austrian composer. A few years later, Beethoven went to Vienna     6     ( study) under Haydn, another great Austrian composer. Then he     7     (write) a great deal of music, even at his most difficult time. But after one illness, he suddenly found     8     (him) deaf at the age of 31.

However, this didn’t stop Beethoven. During his life, he composed about 30 pieces of music. It is     9     (amaze) that he wrote some of his best pieces after he became deaf, many of     10     are well known and loved all over the world.

Archaeologists have excavated the ruins of house foundations     1    (date) back more than 5,000 years in the Yangshao Village site in China’s Henan Province.

“The house was once a large building     2     rammed earth walls that might have covered more than 130 square meters.     3     is believed that it belongs to the late Yangshao Culture period,” said Li Shiwei from Henan Provincial Institute of Cultural Heritage and Archaeology,     4     is in charge of the excavation (发掘) site.

“This is the first time that large house ruins     5    (discover) since the excavation of the Yangshao Village site in 1921. The findings can provide new materials for studying     6    (type), shapes and building techniques of houses during the Yangshao Culture period,” Li said.

In 1921, the first excavation on the Yangshao Village site, which is Mianchi County, Henan Province,     7    (mark) the birth of modern-Chinese archaeology.

Originating around the middle reaches of the Yellow River, the Yangshao Culture is considered     8    (be) an important stream of Chinese civilization and is     9    (wide) known for its advanced pottery-making technology.

The     10    (four) archaeological excavation on the Yangshao Village site began on Aug. 22, 2020, and is still in progress.

What comes to mind when you think of Chinese kung fu? For Laurence J. Brahm, a US filmmaker who recently completed his     1     (late)work Searching for Kung Fu, the first thing that springs to mind is the concept of non-violence.

The official Chinese name for kung fu is wushu. As Brahm explained, if you break down the character “wu”, it     2     (consist) of two character: one is “ge”, meaning dagger-axe (戈); the other is “zhi”, meaning stopping. So, the meaning of kung fu is not the “art of fighting”.     3     the contrary, he said, kung fu is the art of stopping fighting, the art of non-violence.

In making his film, Brahm looked into different forms of kung fu widely     4     (practice) in China, interviewing many masters and scholars. “Kung fu practitioners salute with ‘baoquan’, literally meaning ‘fist wrapping’,     5     shows two things at least. One is that you have a fist, but you're not using it. And then you’re showing ‘I have no hidden weapons’. It’s trust,” he said.

“Kung fu masters will avoid     6     (fight) at all costs. Although you know how to use force, you are the last one     7     (use) force, because you know the outcome of this thing.”

“Kung fu, in     8     (I) eyes, is a mirror of Chinese culture,” Brahm said. “It reminds you why China adopts a policy of not wanting to have conflict with other countries.”

Brahm believes that today’s world     9     (urgent) needs to restart equal exchanges between countries,     10     that culture and sports, such as kung fu, can serve as a great channel and platform.