1 . How to Strengthen Teeth Naturally

    1     You can work on strengthening your teeth by getting the right vitamins and minerals in your diet. You can also protect your teeth through healthy habits. In addition, avoiding certain foods and habits can help strengthen your teeth.

♦Get the right nutrients（营养）

Make sure you're getting 1 ,000 to 1,200 mg of calcium（钙）a day. You probably know calcium helps keep your bones strong.    2     Eating certain amount of calcium in your diet every day will help increase the strength of your teeth.

♦     3    

Aim to eat a wide variety of fruits and vegetables in your weekly diet. Try selecting a variety of colors when choosing your produce as that ensures you'll be getting a wide variety of vitamins. Fill your plate up halfway with fruits and vegetables at every meal and then fill the rest of your plate with some protein and whole grains.

♦Brush your teeth twice a day

To brush well, hold your toothbrush at a 45°C angle to your teeth. Brush all the surfaces of your teeth gently and try to brush for at least 2 minutes.     4    

♦Visit your dentist regularly

Visit your dentist at least once a year for x-rays and cleaning.     5     If you start to get a buildup of plaque（牙菌斑），which can weaken teeth, the dentist can remove it for you in time.

♦Quit smoking

You probably are aware that smoking causes lung cancer and other health problems. In addition, it can also weaken bone tissue, including your teeth. If you've been thinking about quitting, now may be the time.

A．Eat a balanced diet

B．Have a variety of vegetables

C．The same is true for your teeth.

D．Set a timer to help you brush longer!

E．Strong teeth are important for a healthy mouth!

F．These visits help find problems before they begin.

G．Vitamin D helps your body absorb calcium properly.

2 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Music is one of the most    1    (power) things in my life. Listening to music can help to motivate me in trying time. When younger, I    2    (have) no great love for music as I do now. I mainly listened to the music    3    my parents were playing. Whether I was in the car, the house,    4    anywhere else, there was sure to be some Beatles, or Buddy Holly constantly playing in the background. Now as I am older, I enjoy it for the reason that it allows me to remember my childhood.

I believe music has the power    5    (express) all sorts of emotions. The song “A Little Bit Longer” Jonas Brothers is    6    an emotional and inspiring song that when hear it, I always come close to    7    (drop) down tears, especially when I watch it being played live. The effect (that music can have    8    our emotions is great, as it can bring people to floods of tears or bursts of    9    (laugh).

I believe music affects people in many ways. To me, music is    10    (extreme) important in my life.

3 . Learning a second language is tough at any age. Now, in a new study, scientist have found out the exact age after which your chances of reaching fluency（流利）in a second language seem to plummet:10.

The study published in the journal Cognition, found that it's "nearly impossible" for language learners to reach native-level（母语水平）fluency if they start learning a second language after age 10. "It turns out you're still learning fast," says study co-author Joshua Hartshorne. "It's just that you run out of time, because your ability to learn starts dropping at around 17 or 18 years old," People who start a few years after age 10 may still become quite good at a language, the authors say, but they are unlikely to become fluent.

Kids may be better than adults at learning new languages for many reasons. Children's brains are more plastic than those of adults, meaning they're better able to adapt and respond to new information. Kids may also be more willing to try new things than adults are. Their comparatively new understanding of their native language may also be advantageous.

These findings may seem discouraging, but it was inspiring for scientists to learn that the key period for fluent language learning might be longer than previously thought. Some scientists believed that the window begins to close shortly after birth, while others made it longer to very early childhood. Compared with those judgments-age 17 or 18 —when language learning ability start to drop off—seems relatively old.

For this study, the researchers created an online test promising to guess people's native language and home country based on their responses to English grammar questions. Almost 670,000 people took it, giving the researchers huge amounts of data from English speakers of many ages and backgrounds. Examining the responses and grammar mistakes allowed them to made unusually exact judgments about language learning.

1. What does the underlined word "plummet" in paragraph 1 mean?

A．Drop sharply.	B．Increase greatly.
C．Appear gradually.	D．Double suddenly.

2. What can we learn from the study?

A．Adults tend to perform badly in learning a second language.

B．Children are at an advantage in acquiring a new language.

C．All these new findings are quite discouraging for scientists.

D．People have different key periods for mastering a language.

3. What does the last paragraph mainly focus on?

A．The purpose of the study.	B．The findings of the study.
C．The subject of the study.	D．The process of the study.

4. What's the best title of the text?

A．Kids Are Better at Learning New Languages

B．Adults Can't Learn a Second Language Well

C．Never Say Die When Learning a New Language

D．Better to Learn a New Language Before Age 10

4 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为80左右。

Every morning, I will go to school with lunch bags that contained a sandwich, fruit, and dessert.

Then, one day, much to my surprise, there was no dessert in my lunch! What could have happened to it? Did Mom forget to make or buy it? Oh, well, I thought. It's only one time, so it's no big deal. But, for the next few days, my lunch contained no dessert! So one day, after school, as soon as I got home, I asked," Mom! Why haven't you been putting a dessert in my school lunches?" Mom answered, "Why, Eugene. I have been including a dessert in your lunch. If you're not getting them, then who is?"

So then we thought of my activities, and what I did with my lunch each day. As soon as I arrived at school I always put my lunch in the classroom closet（储物间）along with all of the other lunches. And that brought us to Carl---the bad boy of the third-grade classroom. The teacher didn't like him in class and would send him to the closet, where he would spend most of each day.

Carl lived in a group faster home（集体寄养之家）.He was loud and somewhat of a thief; he would take just about anything that wasn't fastened down, so he wasn't welcome at school. Mom and I concluded that with nothing else to do Carl was probably going through the lunches and eating what he liked.

5 . I believe even the smartest people have to work hard to achieve success. People make themselves into winners by their own _______.

Many years ago, I took the head _______ job at a school in Baxley, Georgia. It was a tradition for the school's old team to play against the _______ team at the end of spring practice. The old team had no coach, and they didn't even practice to _______ the game, but to my disappointment we were defeated. Thinking hard about it, I came to _______ that I had to change my _______ towards their ability and potential.

I started doing anything I could to help them build a little _______. Most importantly, I began to treat them like _______. That summer vacation, we met every day and _______     passing and kicking the football.

Six months after our defeat, we won our first game and our second, and continued to ________ . Finally, we faced the number one team in Georgia. I felt that it would be a ________ for us even if we lost the game. But my boys beat them , giving me the greatest ________ of my life!

       From the experience I learnt a lot about how the attitude of the leader can ________ the members of a team. Instead of seeing my boys as losers, I pushed and ________ them. I helped them to see themselves ________       , and they built themselves into winners. Winners are made, not born.1.

A．tests

B．luck

C．efforts

D．nature

2.

A．operating

B．editing

C．consulting

D．coaching

3.

A．new

B．excellent

C．strong

D．successful

4.

A．cheer for

B．prepare for

C．help with

D．finish with

5.

A．realize

B．claim

C．permit

D．demand

6.

A．decision

B．attitude

C．conclusion

D．intention

7.

A．pride

B．culture

C．fortune

D．relationship

8.

A．leaders

B．partners

C．winners

D．learners

9.

A．risked

B．missed

C．considered

D．practiced

10.

A．expand

B．improve

C．relax

D．defend

11.

A．shame

B．burden

C．victory

D．favor

12.

A．chance

B．joy

C．concern

D．offer

13.

A．surprise

B．relate

C．interest

D．affect

14.

A．encouraged

B．observed

C．protected

D．impressed

15.

A．naturally

B．individually

C．calmly

D．differently

6 . If you really want to enjoy what Bermuda has to offer, cruising (乘船游览) there is the way to go. Not only is it fun, it is also affordable. It’s advisable to come in summer (Mid May- August).

BOOKING YOUR CRUISE

Most tourists prefer small cruise lines that dock in downtown Hamilton. It’s an ideal destination since it’s right on Front Street, from where you can easily get to Hamilton, the capital of Bermuda, and other parts of the island. Large cruise lines dock at Royal Navy Dockyard, which is inconveniently situated at the far western end of the Island.

TRANSPORTATION

Getting off a small cruise, you can easily go to Hamilton and other places by bus. From Royal Navy Dockyard, you can take a bus, a taxi or a boat. The most saving way of travelling around is by buying a day’s pass. You will enjoy unlimited transportation services using any public means.

ATTRACTIONS

The Bermuda Caves (洞穴)

This is a popular attraction that you have to tour. Anyone who loves to explore caves will definitely enjoy this place. You’d better wear sports shoes as some caves are a bit wet and slippery.

Beaches of Bermuda

Your trip to Bermuda is surely incomplete without spending some time at the amazing pink-sand beaches. Try Tobacco Bay and Horseshoe Bay, which are suitable for family visits. Bermuda is the world’s most famous shipwreck (沉船) site. If you’re a good diver, there are too many shipwrecks waiting to be discovered.

Sea Glass

If you want to pass time doing something for fun, head straight to the Alexander battery beach to collect lots of sea glass.

1. When is the best time to cruise Bermuda?

A．April.

B．July.

C．October.

D．November.

2. What does the author suggest a tourist do?

A．Buy a day’s pass to travel around the island.

B．Book a small ship at Royal Navy Dockyard.

C．Keep away from the crowded beaches.

D．Collect sea glass at Horseshoe Bay.

3. What is most likely to be an adventurer’s dream about Bermuda?

A．Exploring the far eastern end of the island.

B．Taking a bus to visit the capital city.

C．Diving to discover sunken ships.

D．Walking in the Bermuda Caves.

7 . Imagine a cat that does not need someone to clean up after it keeps an older people company and helps them remember to take their medicine. That is the shared dream of the toy maker Hasbro and scientists at Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island. The researchers received a $ 3-million-dollar from the National Science Foundation for a special project. They want to find ways to add artificial intelligence, or AI, to Hasbro’s “Joy for All” robotic cat.

The cat has already been for sale for two years. Though priced at over 1,000 dollars, it sold quite well. It was meant to act as a “companion”(陪伴) for older people. Now the project is aimed at developing additional abilities for the cat. Researchers are working to decide which activities older adults may need the most. They hope to make the cat perform a small number of activities very well. Such activities include finding lost objects and reminding the older people to take medicine or visit their doctor. They also want to keep the cost down to just a few hundred dollars.

It is an idea that has appealed (有吸引力) to Jeanne Elliott. Her 93-year-old mother Mary Derr lives with her in South Kingstown. Derr has dementia (痴呆). The Joy for All cat that Elliot bought this year has become a true companion for Derr. The cat stays with Derr and keeps her relaxed while Elliott is at work. Elliot said a robotic cat that helps her mother to remember to take her medicine and be careful when she walks would be greater.

The researchers are trying to learn how the improved cats will complete helpful activities and how they will communicate. They say that they do not want a talking cat, however. Instead they are trying to design a cat that can move its head in a special way to successfully communicate its message. In the end, they hope to create an exchange between the human and the cat in which the human feels the cat needs them. By doing so, the researchers hope they can even help prevent feelings of loneliness and sadness among elderly people.

1. What’s the purpose of the project?

A．To reduce the pain of the elderly.

B．To increase the sales of a medicine.

C．To help make the robotic cat smarter.

D．To invent a robotic cat for the elderly.

2. What can we know about the cat?

A．It will be on sale in two years.

B．It may be cheaper in the future.

C．Its abilities will be made simpler for the elderly.

D．It can tell the activities that older adults need the most.

3. What does the example in Paragraph 3 show?

A．The cat gives much help to the elderly.

B．The cat works well to talk with the patient.

C．The cat can make the dementia patient less painful.

D．The cat should be designed to satisfy patients’ need.

4. What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A．Each family can afford such a cat in the future.

B．A talking cat is quite popular among the elderly.

C．Feelings of sadness among the elderly are unavoidable.

D．The feeling of being needed is important to the elderly.

8 . Help Hermit Crabs

Hermit crabs are nature’s recyclers. They eat waste and help keep oceans and shores clean. Unlike other crabs, the hermit crab has a thin outer shell over its soft tail. This makes the hermit crab easy prey for hungry predators. Hermit crabs stay safe by living in old seashells. A hermit crab is picky; it tries on many shells until it finds one that fits just right. In recent years, however, many hermit crabs have had trouble finding their perfect homes. What is the problems There are not enough shells to go around!

One reason for the seashell shortage is that ocean water is not as clean as it once was. This has caused chemical changes to sea water. Some sea animals, like snails, are affected by these changes. Now there are fewer snails making shells. People visiting the beach often take shells home as souvenirs. This is another problem. Other people even take shells for their own pet hermit crabs! They do not realize that hermit crabs in the wild need those shells too.

Now people are working to solve this hermit crab housing shortage. They are teaching beach-Boers to leave seashells where they belong — at the seashore! Some people even make fake seashells that they hope the hermit crabs will like. For example, a group called Project Shelter invited people who visited their website to create different designs for hermit crab shells.

These designers had a lot to consider. What kind of material should be used to build a seashells. The material must be light enough for the hermit crab to carry, but strong enough to protect the crab from predators. The man-made shells could not contain glue or any other substance that might harm a hermit crab. Another challenge with building a hermit crab home was the opening to the shell. Too big would mean the crab would not feel safe. Too small would be uncomfortable, and the crab would not want to move in.

The Project Shelter shells are placed in the wild for hermit crabs to find. Lucky hermit crabs can move into these new dream homes.

1. Where can hermit crabs stay safe?

A．In different old seashells.	B．Behind the waste they’ll eat.
C．In their own thin outer shells.	D．Under the stones at the seashore.

2. According to the passage, what should be put in the webs?

A．The methods to recycle the wastes.	B．The ways to help the hermit crabs.
C．The materials of seashells.	D．The designs of websites.

3. What does the underlined word “fake” in Para. 3 mean?

A．man-made

B．perfect

C．hard

D．comfortable

4. What is the passage mainly about?

A．The Project Shelter Group.	B．The shortage of the seashell.
C．New homes for hermit crabs.	D．The recyclers of the nature.

9 . 假定你是李华。下学期你将作为交换生（exchange student）去加拿大一所高中学习，住在Lynn家里。请给Lynn写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.介绍自己；
2.告知到达时间；
3.询问应做何准备。
注意:
1.词数80左右
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。