1 . Humans have long been trying to make sense of our place in the universe. Waiting at a launch site in French Guiana? NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope is the latest step forward in that ancient quest (探索).

Using telescopes, astronomers have seen many galaxies (星系) such as the Andromeda Galaxy and the NGC 3227 Galaxy. So far, the most distant galaxy ever discovered, GN-z11, was spotted by the Hubble Space Telescope. To the untrained eye, it looks like a red blob (小点点), but it’s basically like looking back in time about 13.4 billion years ago. That’s just about 0.4 billion years after the Big Bang.

“Hubble is limited in how far back in time it can look, so finding this one was just a lucky break,” says Marusa Bradac, an astronomer at the University of California. “Astronomers only spotted it because decades of using Hubble have let them cover much of the sky, and this particular early galaxy is surprisingly bright although it is 25 times smaller than the Milky Way Galaxy and has just one percent of its mass.”

Already, with that one galaxy, we’ve started to question some of our assumptions about how galaxies grow. The powerful, $ 10 billion James Webb Space Telescope has technology that should let it see back to 0.1 ~0.2 billion years after the Big Bang, the period when the very first galaxies possibly formed.

“If all go well, the James Webb Space Telescope will help us to build up the story of how the first galaxies ever formed and how they grew into galaxies we see today and we live in today,” says Bradac. “But the chances of seeing those first born stars with the new telescope are small. There’s maybe even more of a chance that we might see some of those stars explode. Such information can help us understand how galaxies formed and changed into the familiar shapes and structures seen today. That’s what’s amazing about the new telescope.”

1. When did the Big Bang take place?

A．Around 13.0 billion years ago.

B．Around 13.4 billion years ago.

C．Around 13.6 billion years ago.

D．Around 13.8 billion years ago.

2. What does the underlined words “this one” in paragraph 3 refer to?

A．The Milky Way Galaxy.	B．The GN-z11 Galaxy.
C．The Andromeda Galaxy.	D．The NGC 3227 Galaxy.

3. What is the fourth paragraph mainly about?

A．The great potential of the new telescope.

B．The need for new scientific breakthroughs.

C．The cost of the James Webb Space Telescope.

D．The importance of the Hubble Space Telescope.

4. What can the new telescope most likely help scientists do according to Bradac?

A．Find the first born star in the universe.

B．Witness the occurring of the Big Bang.

C．See the explosion of some of the first born stars.

D．Get a complete understanding of the universe.

2 . There is a curious love triangle that sits at the center of the new documentary Fire of Love. It’s between a man, a woman and a volcano. Well, all of them are volcanoes.

Their names might not be especially well-known today, but in the 1970s and ‘80s, French scientists Katia Krafft and Maurice Krafft were very famous for their photographs and writings about the volcanoes. When they died in 1991 on Mount Unzen in Japan, their deaths were covered globally. But their story has somewhat faded in the public memory in the past three decades? though Werner Herzog did spotlight them in his 2016 documentary Into the Inferno.

The Kraffts? who first bonded over Mount Etna and Mount Stromboli and were married in 1970, witnessed about 140 eruptions on every continent except Antarctica and won an Emmy for their National Geographic documentary Mountains of Fire. They would famously drop everything to get to an active volcano, and were often the first on site. They were also known for their willingness to get dangerously close.

Filmmaker Sara Dosa once met the Kraffts while making an earlier film about Iceland many years ago. In 2020, with the help of Image’ Est, a French museum, and Maurice Krafft^’s brother, Bertrand Krafft, Dosa and her team were able to get access to over 180 hours of footage shot by the Kraffts. So Dosa decided to make something about the Kraffts in the true spirit of the Kraffts.

“We wanted to let them play themselves. We see them as the authors of their own story,“ Dosa said. ”This is a co-creation, shot by them and starring them. We’re just stringing together the pieces of their life for the audience to connect with.”

However, Fire of Love is anything but a filmed Wikipedia(维基百科)page. Dosa and her team have drawn on the techniques of French New Wave films to help shape the style of their film, including playful multiple screens.

1. Where did Katia Krafft and Maurice Krafft pass away?

A．On Mount Etna.	B．On Mount Stromboli.
C．On Mount Unzen.	D．On Mount Krakatoa.

2. Why were the Kraffts considered as volcanoes?

A．They were enthusiastic about studying volcanoes.

B．They were well-known for their short-lived marriage.

C．Their deaths were related to the biggest volcano.

D．Their love story appeared in many volcano books.

3. Who directed the film Fire of Love?

A．Bertrand Krafft.

B．Sara Dosa.

C．Werner Herzog.

D．Katia Krafft.

4. What is the text?

A．A love story.

B．A biography.

C．A documentary.

D．A film review.