1 . A fresh and gentle wind on your face, soft sand under your feet and blue waters as far as the eye can see. Is there any other Olympic sport that is played in such pleasant conditions as beach volleyball？

“I’ve gone to a lot of beautiful places, and met a lot of beautiful people. That wouldn’t have happened if I had been playing another sport.” said Randy Stoklos, America’s most famous beach volleyball player.

The sport began as a four-a-side game on beaches in Southern California in the 1920s. The first recorded two-man game took place there in 1930, and the first tournament (锦标赛) was held in Los Angeles 18 years later. The winners were awarded a case of Pepsi. In the 1950s, women started playing and the sport soon spread to Europe and South America. Yet at that time, beach volleyball was more an entertainment show than a sport, with beauty contests included. The Association of Volleyball Professionals was founded in 1983 and beach volleyball developed into a fast, athletic sport. Its world-wide popularity won beach volleyball a place at the 1996 Olympics in Atalanta, where 24 male teams and 16 female teams took part. At present, the US and Brazil are the best in the world at beach volleyball.

The game came to China in the early 1990s and there have been national tournaments since 1994. It became an official event at the Eighth National Games in 1997. China’s You Wenhui and Wang Lu finished ninth in the women’s beach volleyball world championships in Brazil.

1. The passage is mainly about ______.

A．the history of beach volleyball

B．how to play beach volleyball

C．the importance of beach volleyball

D．women’s beach volleyball in China

2. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE？

A．Beach volleyball was first played like other Olympic: sports.

B．Beach volleyball has always been an entertainment show rather than a sport.

C．Beach volleyball began on beaches in Souther California.

D．Women started playing beach volleyball in South America in 1945.

3. When did beach volleyball officially become an Olympic event？

A．In 1948,

B．In 1996.

C．In 1950.

D．In 1997.

4. According to the passage, we can learn that______.

A．in 1996, beach volleyball became an official event in China

B．China’s beach volleyball team is the best in the world

C．China’s beach volleyball players won the first place in Brazil

D．beach volleyball came to China in the early 1990s

4 . The 90-minute long game involves two goals, black and white checkered (格子) balls, goalkeeper, and no hand use. This sport, of course, is soccer or football, as the majority of the rest of the world says. It’s confusing that some countries call this sport “football” while Americans and Canadians say “soccer”, but apparently the British are mostly to blame.

The name confusion is actually thanks to British universities in the early 1800s who tried standardizing various sports games that had different rules and regulations to differentiate between them.

Rugby, formerly known as “rugby football” or “rugger”, is a translation of “football” where you can use your hands. Soccer, originally “association football” or “asoccer”, is the traditional translation of “football” where people don’t use their hands. People in England started shortening the names by dropping the “association” part of the phrase as well as the “a” in “asoccer”. If your head hurts from thinking about this, prepare to have your mind blown by these things you probably never thought about — until just now.

Now comes the complexity: in 1869, Rutgers and Princeton colleges held the first traditional, recorded, football game using a unique combination of rules from both rugby and soccer, creating what we know as “American football” and what other countries refer to as “gridiron”. Thanks to the popularity of American football, soccer players in America keep to “soccer” to help differentiate themselves, according to the Encyclopedia Britannica.

If the name “soccer” stuck in Britain, and if Americans came up with a better one for American football, there would be much less confusion. So why did the “football” short kind of “association football” become more popular than “soccer” in England anyway? Originally, American influence on Britain during World War II made “soccer” the popular term in England before the 1980s, The Atlantic reports. Once the sport became more popular in the United States around that time, the British stopped using “soccer”.

1. What caused the name confusion in the early 1800s?

A．Sports rules.	B．Game time.
C．Ball popularity.	D．News organizations.

2. In which of the following do the two belong to the same one?

A．“Rugby” and “Soccer”.	B．“Rugger” and “American football”.
C．“American football” and “Gridiron”.	D．“Gridiron” and “Association football”.

3. What does the underlined sentence mean in Paragraph 3?

A．The names make it more difficult for people to understand.

B．You cannot use your hands while playing games.

C．The name confusion is becoming stronger.

D．Making the best of the head in the sports is extremely vital.

4. What does the author imply in the last paragraph?

A．The name confusion would become less.

B．History and culture had a great effect on the name.

C．The British disliked soccer during World War II.

D．American soccer was more popular than English football.

5 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Due to the outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP), people all over the world are wearing masks     1    (reduce) the risk of infection. It’s a very simple     2     incredibly effective method to protect oneself from a     3     (various) of harmful things. The fact is     4     masks have been helping mankind for centuries. In the first century, many people in Roman Empire     5     (work) underground in mines to support their families. But most of them suffered     6     and even eventually died of respiratory (呼吸的) illnesses. To address this problem, Pliny the Elder (23-79 AD), a Roman philosopher and naturalist, recommended the use of animal bladder (膀胱) skins to stop dust from being breathed in. Although primitive, his idea     7     (consider) the very first recorded mask invention.

With several outbreaks of     8     (infect) diseases and the flu, and the rise of pollution caused by industrial waste, the materials in masks have continued to evolve to     9     (well) protect its wearer. For example, in 2012 when China suffered from smog, mask models such as N95 and KN90, which can filter out this fine particulate (微粒) matter, became highly popular. In the future, masks will continue to improve, hopefully     10     will the habits of humans.

6 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Jade is found in mountains and riverbeds, and the Chinese people consider jade     1     (be) “the essence of heaven and earth”. In Chinese culture, jade has its cultural meaning.    2     (traditional), the Chinese people thought jade is the most precious stone, a material containing the essence of virtue.

The     3    (early) Chinese jade is from the early New Stone Age Hemudu culture in Zhejiang province. The history of jade in China    4    (date) back to Shang dynasty when jade was used as a medium of exchange.

Jade is important to Chinese culture because of its beauty, practical use and social value. In Book of Rites, Confucius said that there are 11 virtues    5    (represent) in jade: kindness, justice, propriety, truth,    6    (honest), music, loyalty, heaven, earth, morality and intelligence.

Jade is so deep-rooted in Chinese culture     7    there are famous stories about it, such as "He Shi Zhi Bi”. In the story, Bian He found a piece of raw jade and tried to give    8     to the King of Chu State. However, two generations of kings didn't recognize its value and cut off his feet    9     a punishment for his trying to present an unworthy stone to them. Eventually, King of Wen found it was a rare treasure. It     10    (carve) into a disc and named after Bian He.

7 . 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Nobody wants to be aged, but    1    it comes to visiting cities, most of us want to visit the world’s oldest cities. Luoyang is one of the oldest and most     2    (attract) cities in the world that I’d like to recommend to you.

Luoyang stands out     3    the oldest continually inhabited (持续居住的) city in Asia. The city is considered to be     4    birthplace of Chinese culture and history as well as being one of the Seven Ancient Capitals of China. There     5     (be) no other city in China that has seen so many    6    (dynasty) like Luoyang.

With such a long and exciting history, Luoyang has really a lot     7     (offer). The longmen Grottoes(龙门石窟), which     8    (include) in the world Heritage List since 2000, and many historic Buddhist temples    9     (constant) attract tourist from all over the world. Luoyang is also famous for the White Horse Temple, the earliest Buddhist temple     10    (build) in China. Are you anxious to visit the city?

8 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

The computer is widely used in our daily life. The computer is a machine that     1    (design) to help people do many things. When it first came into     2    (be), it was just a calculating machine, and later it was built as an analytical machine that could “think” logically and produce an answer     3    (fast) than any other person. Still later, the computer could be made to work as a “universal machine” to solve any difficult mathematical problems. There were times when its size was     4    (total) changed. It became smaller and smaller but it got cleverer and clever. In the early 1960s, computers were connected by network and brought into common people’s homes     5    (deal) with information and help communication     6     people around the world. It could share     7    (inform) with others and they could talk to each other. The Internet has become     8     important part in our life and we can do many things with the help of the Internet. The computer is used to connect people     9     aren’t close enough to speak to each other. It has been serving the human race since     10    (it) birth.

9 . Long, long ago people couldn’t write and they had no books. But they had stories. People learned the stories by heart and taught new ones to one another. Sometimes it was hard to remember them all.     1    

The ancient Egyptians wrote their stories on something made from papyrus (纸沙草) plants. People in other places wanted to learn from the Egyptians to use papyrus.

    2     So, parchment (羊皮纸), made from goatskin, later took its place.

In ancient China books looked a little different. People there used ink to write on bamboo or silk. And then they invented paper. Made of trees, paper was easier and cheaper to make than papyrus or parchment.    3     Paper-making later spread to the West, but there was a big problem with these early books. Every single one had to be copied and written by hand.

    4     They carved (雕刻) a page of words into a piece of wood or stone. They could then print the page by spreading ink on the wood or stone and putting it against paper. But it wasn’t until a German printer invented movable, metal letters that books became fast and easy to make. The letters could be used to print copy after copy, and the letters put together again and again to print different pages of words.

    5     Once a luxury (奢侈品) only the rich could buy, they soon became a treasure everyone could enjoy.

A．It took years to finish making just one book.

B．But papyrus grew mainly in Egypt.

C．Things grew a little easier when writing was invented.

D．Finally books could be printed by the thousands.

E．The Chinese were the first to think of a way to speed things up a little.

F．Books in the West didn’t change for a long time after that.

G．Its surface was smoother and better for writing on too.