A.The woman knew Ross was a dog lover. |
B.The man has let Ross drive his car before. |
C.The man shouldn’t have lent his car to Ross. |
D.Ross lost several dogs last time he drove a car. |
Drawing High Schoolers to Science
A group of educators and plant scientists at Michigan State University (MSU) are connecting to reshape science classes. And this particular partnership isn’t just helping students get a better understanding of biology; it’s turning them into young scientists, even if only during class.
It doesn’t take long to see that the curriculum born from this collaboration makes for a much different experience than the traditional high school biology classes. For starters, it has a comic book for a workbook. Secondly, students are getting their hands dirty growing plants. MSU researchers are also studying the plant. The high schoolers are asking some of the same questions professional plant scientists are trying to answer.
“We’re getting them engaged with science in science practices, not just having them learn about science,” says Hildah Makori, a researcher at MSU. “They learn to look at things differently. That’s a life-time impact.”
The main characters of the comic book are a pair of young field scientists. They invite the high school students to help with plant research inspired by a real project at MSU. By growing their own plants, the students learn about genetics, evolution and how these interact with the environment.
The team has seen how this practice could keep students in the driver’s seat of their learning. To help the characters out, students set up different experiments to test their ideas.
The program is working. “This comic personally gave me a click that sparked my curiosity,” reads one student’s survey response. “The comic book put a lot of creative atmosphere into the story instead of just looking at words, instead of just listening to the teacher talk,” says another.
Teachers also had positive reviews. In a survey, one remarked how helpful it was to have the comic to refer to. The students could see the comic’s characters doing something in the lab and realize, “I’m able to do this right here at my table and I can do the same thing,” the teacher says.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3 . How Young Americans Spend Their Money
Young people have always puzzled their elders. Today’s youngsters are no different; indeed, they are confusing. They have thin wallets and expensive tastes. They prize convenience and a social conscience. They want shopping to be personal.
Their absolute numbers are impressive. The European Union is home to nearly 125m people between the ages of ten (the youngest will become consumers in the next few years) and 34. America has another 110m of these Gen-Zs and millennials, a third of the population. The annual spending of households headed by American Gen-Zs and millennials hit $2.7trn in 2021, around 30% of the total.
The light-speed online world also appears to have lowered tolerances for long delivery times. A study by Salesforce, a business-software giant, found that Gen-Z Americans, who prefer to use their phones to pay for shopping, are the likeliest of all age groups to want their groceries delivered within an hour.
The Internet has also changed how the young discover brands. Print, billboard or TV advertising has given way to social media. Instagram, part of Meta’s empire, and TikTok, a Chinese-owned app, are where the young look for inspiration, particularly for goods where looks matter such as fashion, beauty and sportswear.
A.They desire genuineness while constantly immersed in a digital world. |
B.TikTok’s user-generated videos can lead even tiny brands to speedy viral fame. |
C.The lifestyle of the “moonlight clan” has made many young people feel overwhelmed. |
D.Easy access to means of spreading payments may encourage spending money like water. |
E.A heightened expectation of convenience comes with being raised in the age of Amazon. |
F.These “always-on purchasers” often shift from a weekly shop to quicker fixes of everything from fashion to furniture. |
4 . In the roughly 250 years since the Industrial Revolution, the world’s population, like its wealth, has exploded. Before the end of this century, however, the number of people on the planet could shrink for the first time since the Black Death. The root cause is not an increase in deaths, but a drop in births. Across much of the world the fertility rate, the average number of births per woman, is collapsing. Although the trend may be familiar, its extent and its consequences are not. Even as artificial intelligence (AI) leads to optimism in some quarters, the baby bust (婴儿荒) hangs over the future of the world economy.
Whatever some environmentalists say, a shrinking population creates problems. The world is not close to full and the economic difficulties resulting from fewer young people are many. The obvious one is that it is getting harder to support the world’s pensioners. Retired folk draw on the output of the working-aged, either through the state, which requests taxes on workers to pay public pensions, or by cashing in savings to buy goods and services or because relatives provide care unpaid. But whereas the rich world currently has around three people between 20 and 64 years old for everyone over 65, by 2050 it will have less than two. The implications are higher taxes, later retirements, lower real returns for savers and, possibly, government budget crises.
Low proportion of workers to pensioners are only one problem resulting from collapsing fertility. Younger people have more of what psychologists call “fluid intelligence”, the ability to think creatively so as to solve problems in entirely new ways. This youthful energy adds to the accumulated knowledge of older workers. It also brings change. Patents filed by the youngest inventors are much more likely to cover breakthrough innovations. Older countries and their young people are less enterprising and less comfortable taking risks. Because the old benefit less than the young when economies grow, they have proved less keen on pro-growth policies, especially housebuilding. Creative destruction is likely to be rarer in ageing societies, restricting productivity growth in ways that compound into an enormous missed opportunity.
Eventually, therefore, the world will have to make do with fewer youngsters—and perhaps with a shrinking population. With that in mind, recent advances in AI could not have come at a better time. A productive AI economy might find it easy to support a greater number of retired people. Eventually AI may be able to generate ideas by itself, reducing the need for human intelligence. Combined with robotics, AI may also make caring for the elderly less labour-intensive. Such innovations will certainly be in high demand.
If technology does allow humanity to overcome the baby bust, it will fit the historical pattern. Unexpected productivity advances meant that demographic time-bombs (人口定时炸弹) failed to explode. Fewer babies mean less human genius. But that might be a problem human genius can fix.
1. What can be learned from the first paragraph?A.The collapsing fertility rate is to blame for the shrinking population. |
B.Black Death marked the shrinking number of people for the first time. |
C.Industrial Revolution weakened the increase of the world’s population. |
D.The public are familiar with the extent and the influence of the baby bust. |
A.Close relatives have refused to take care of the old without being paid. |
B.The output of the working-aged which the old can draw on is shrinking. |
C.The old have cashed in savings to cover expenses of goods and services. |
D.The government has requested taxes on younger employees to pay pensions. |
A.Because older workers boast more accumulated knowledge. |
B.Because the old benefit less than the young in creative destruction. |
C.Because collapsing fertility results in low proportion of workers to pensioners. |
D.Because restricting productivity growth compounds into a missed opportunity. |
A.The Old Pensioners Make a Comeback | B.Artificial Intelligence Leads to a Bright Future |
C.The Measures to Overcome the Baby Bust | D.The Effect of the Baby Bust on Economy |
5 . I’m pretty good at sticking with things even when they get hard. Bad relationships, unpleasant workplaces,
After all, isn’t every success story littered with
All of us are constantly making tricky choices between going further into familiar territory and
Of course, this doesn’t mean you shouldn’t quit something just because you’ve put a lot of time into it. Economists call this the sunk cost fallacy (谬误): People are more likely to
If you don’t get energy out of doing something, it can be a(n)
In fact, dogged persistence in the face of energy-sucking disappointment can
But the good news is that people can learn to pay better attention to these moments when they’re happening and make
A.engaging | B.demanding | C.inevitable | D.leisure |
A.worsen | B.occur | C.improve | D.continue |
A.frustrations | B.determinations | C.attempts | D.inspirations |
A.Therefore | B.Additionally | C.For example | D.However |
A.amaze | B.scare | C.distress | D.compliment |
A.breaking up | B.looking up | C.standing up | D.backing up |
A.venture | B.specialize | C.explore | D.relax |
A.benefit from | B.approve of | C.stick with | D.withdraw from |
A.evaluate | B.avoid | C.overlook | D.cut |
A.human | B.crazy | C.sensible | D.tricky |
A.indication | B.desire | C.occasion | D.recognition |
A.accomplish | B.upgrade | C.modify | D.maintain |
A.prevent | B.trigger | C.relieve | D.contract |
A.researches | B.choices | C.changes | D.resolutions |
A.shortcut | B.barrier | C.guarantee | D.pathway |
Is Binge-watching the New Addiction?
Have you ever loved a TV show? I mean really loved it? Like, you can’t wait to get to work to talk about it? What about the cliffhanger? That’s the unsolved situation at the end of the episode which makes you want to watch the next one. But, when will the next one be?
Binge-watching is when a person watches more than one episode of a show quickly. With developments in the speed and connectivity of the internet, increases in technology and the rise of on-demand entertainment companies, people can now have their favourite shows streamed directly to their television at their convenience.
However, this amazing gift may in fact be harmful. Recent research from British media watchdog Ofcom (英国通信管理局) finds that out of the more than half of British adults who watch more than one episode of a show back-to-back, almost a third have admitted missing sleep or becoming tired as a result; and one quarter have neglected their housework. Next we’ll be missing work!
Bingeing has other connections — binge eating, binge drinking and binge smoking, all of which are often associated with compulsive behaviour, a lack of control and a possible route to addiction. If people find binge-watching hard to resist, coupled with the fact that it has shown to lead to failure of attention in many, are we witnessing the birth of a new type of addiction?
The numerous information and entertainment that television and online media can bring us is, many would say, a good thing. However, like any behaviour done to extremes, it can become dangerous. And when the activity begins to enter other areas, causing us to stop functioning — then it becomes a problem. So, what’s the answer? Moderation! Neither a tiny amount, nor too much. After all, as the old proverb says, a little of what you fancy does you good.
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Native Tribes Celebrate Montana Land Ownership and Bison Range (野牛牧场) Restoration
Moiese, Mont. — A narrow road takes visitors zig-zagging up a mountain, and, if they’re lucky, they’ll see bison walking about freely. The bison range sits on more than 18,000 acres of undeveloped land in northwest Montana — land
U.S. Interior Secretary Deb Haaland,
“We all know history took a cruel and tragic turn after that,” Haaland said, and the tribes didn’t believe that the history
The Salish and Kootenai Tribes have corrected inaccuracies at the visitor center located on the Flathead reservation near the museum. The visitor center is now open,
The generational emotional wound, Gillin said, is still felt today within tribal communities and correcting the information at the visitor center is about respecting and preserving the tribes’ history.
The tribes are working to build a
8 . The inside story of how a “band of misfits” saved Lego
When executives at toymaker Lego first learned that adults were buying large quantities of their interlocking plastic bricks and getting together to build Lego creations of their own, “they thought it was very strange,” says Paal Smith-Meyer.
Thanks to a handful of employees who worked to change attitudes inside the company, Lego is no longer embarrassed by its adult fans.
Today Lego is the world’s largest and most profitable toymaker. The Lego brick was named “Toy of the Century” in 1999, and in 2014 Time magazine crowned it the “Most Influential Toy of All Time”, ahead of Barbie, G.I. Joe, and the Easy Bake Oven.
The enthusiasm and buying power of Adult Fans of Lego — or AFOLs, as they’re known in the industry — played a major role in the company’s rise to the top.
Lego founder Ole Kirk Kristiansen always knew he wanted to market his products exclusively to kids. As the company grew over its first six decades, few imagined that its products could appeal as much to adults as to children.
Despite the benefits AFOLs brought to the brand, executives at the company’s corporate offices in Billund, Denmark had little interest in catering to adult customers. As fan mail and product ideas poured in from AFOLs around the world, the company posted its off-putting position: “We don’t accept unsolicited ideas.”
“Adult fans were often seen as a source of irritation,” says Jake McKee, a Lego executive from 2000 to 2006 who oversaw the company’s Global Community Development team.
A.But insiders say the road from “kids only” to “adults welcome” was a long, uphill climb. |
B.AFOLs are also organizing unofficial Lego fan conventions and networking in online user groups. |
C.Gone are the days when labels on Lego boxes stated that the contents were appropriate only for boys ages 7 to 12. |
D.Attitudes began to shift in the late 1990s and early 2000s when the once-invulnerable toymaker started to struggle. |
E.AFOLs were having a dramatic impact on Lego’s bottom line years before the company recognized their value. |
F.“Before the late 1990s, the company didn’t think their adult fans had value,” says Smith-Meyer, who held a variety of senior posts at Lego from 2000 to 2014. |
Lost at sea
Two men from the Solomon Islands have been rescued after spending 29 days lost at sea.
The men
“I look forward to going back home
Nanjikana and Junior Qoloni took off from Mono Island on Sept. 3 in a motorboat to travel 200 km to Noro on New Georgia Island. However, soon after they set out, their boat was hit by heavy winds and rain, which made unclear the coastline they were following
“When the bad weather came, it was bad, but it was
When the rain had finally passed, Nanjikana and Qoloni had already drifted far out to sea. They spent the next 29 days
A fisherman found and rescued the two men on Oct. 2 off the coast of New Britain, Papua New Guinea, about 400 km from
Nanjikana and Qoloni
10 . It is understandable that the plan to raise the retirement age has sparked debates, because the move involves individuals’ interests and delayed retirement has been on countries’
The wider the debate is, the clearer the issues will be. The first misunderstanding is that the government is thinking over raising the retirement age to
Many countries with extra pension insurance are drawing up plans for raising the retirement age. Nowadays, people start working at a later age. So the retirement age should be extended
But since delayed retirement
Second, some people are against raising the retirement age because they feel they may be forced to work for a few “extra years”. As has been learned from other countries’
Third, it is important to balance the interests of different groups. China’s current retirement system distinguishes between men and women, and the employees of State-owned enterprises and privately-owned companies have different opinions on delayed retirement. The new retirement policy needs to be
The debate on delayed retirement shows that reforms of social policies will face more challenges and the challenges need political wisdom and practical strategies to
A.agenda | B.conflict | C.decision | D.problem |
A.result from | B.make up | C.bring about | D.break out |
A.unique | B.targeted | C.united | D.different |
A.in addition to | B.as a result of | C.ever since | D.in line with |
A.aim | B.access | C.admission | D.pursuit |
A.effect | B.debt | C.pressure | D.dependence |
A.arouses | B.concerns | C.satisfies | D.improves |
A.uniformly | B.widely | C.extensively | D.intensively |
A.implementing | B.introducing | C.improving | D.promoting |
A.rapid | B.balanced | C.effective | D.constant |
A.strengths | B.experiences | C.practices | D.attitudes |
A.In addition | B.In fact | C.Instead | D.For instance |
A.enhanced | B.considerable | C.reduced | D.worthwhile |
A.related | B.considerate | C.fair | D.different |
A.make | B.resolve | C.introduce | D.practice |