1 . Conflict (冲突) between teenagers and parents happens for a lot of reasons. Sometimes conflict happens between teenagers and parents just because conflict happens between human beings anyway. Humans have different needs, different feelings, different opinions about what they want, and the relationship with people can be really difficult. However, teenagers can cause further conflict because of the hormonal (生理的) changes that are happening and the stage of life that they're in.
Teenagers and parents have different understanding about rules and at times they find it difficult to look into the future. So parents and teenagers will often experience conflict about many things, do chores, homework, whether teenagers speak respectfully or not and about what they're allowed to do.
Before we think about rule boundaries (界线) for teenagers, we need to make sure that we have a really good relationship base. There's no point saying “From now on, you have to listen to me”: if you don't have a positive relationship with your teenager. We need to go back and make sure there is some degree of shared respect, and some degree of positive communication and enjoyment being together. you do that first, it means that rule boundaries are a lot easier to set up.
Often we're dealing with conflict on the fly. This is not the right time to be dealing with it. We really want parents and teenagers to sit down and think about the kinds of things that may happen in the house before the problems come. The more detailed your rule boundaries are for teenagers, the more likely it is that they are going to follow them. So this means we don't have rule boundaries like “Have the bathroom cleaned”. It needs to be “The floors mopped, nothing on the countertop and the mirrors cleaned by ten o'clock every Saturday”: Rule boundaries need to be written down, and set out ahead of time so the teenager knows exactly what's expected.
1. What's important to set up a rule boundary easily for teenagers?| A．Being strict from the start. | B．Developing a good relationship with them first. |
| C．Saying"No" to their requirements. | D．Avoiding close talks with them. |
| A．Doing some housework. | B．Having a good reading habit. |
| C．Cleaning the bathroom. | D．Finishing your homework by five. |
| A．In a hurry. | B．On the plane. | C．By oneself. | D．Another day. |
| A．Growing Pains | B．Teenage Problems |
| C．Parent-Child Conflict and Solutions | D．Knowing the Conflict |
2 . The streets of London are infamously colorful, and even more so now that some local authorities have decided to dress up pedestrian crossings in colors or other equally bright designs. Some of these “colorful crossings” are created by councils around the UK with more than just aesthetics (美学) in mind, focusing instead on preventing pedestrian casualties (伤亡人员).
Two cities in England that have just finished a pilot experiment are Liverpool and Hull. Before the experiment, the former had 99 adult pedestrian deaths or serious injuries per 100,000 people in 2019, making it the worst place in the UK that year, while in Hull 44 pedestrian casualties per 100,000 people were recorded.
“We call these colorful crossings a push because in an urban environment, pedestrians have a choice about where they cross the road,” says Dr. Holly Hope Smith, the consultant working on the two trials. “We’re trying to enhance a crossing that’s already there so that people are more likely to use it”
While Dr. Holy Hope Smith said that there had been little in terms of international research into colorful crossings, in 2004, research from Australian academics concluded that colored surfaces of crossings had a positive effect on pedestrian safety with regard to the number of crashes and the severity of injuries suffered by pedestrians. They recommended that they be applied in “busy” and “complex” pedestrian environments. More recently, a 2017 report by Better Bankside about artwork employed at crossings in London’s Southwark Street said, “Our work did make respondents use the crossing more, and 68% told us that the artwork made them experience more pleasure.”
Yet, bright colors aren’t for everyone. People suffering from autism (自闭症) have raised concerns over the nature of having several colors on a road, while guide dog owners have reported their assistance dogs being confused by the new road designs. “Colorful crossings can be really misleading for people with low vision and their guide dogs,” says Dr. Amy Kavanagh, a blind activist and campaigner. But Hope Smith doesn’t agree. “These crossings are placed to enhance existing pedestrian crossings. All the signals that are there for visually disadvantaged road users remain — the touch sensors, the audio signal for when the crossing is on — we haven’t touched them,” he says.
1. What do the figures in paragraph 2 show?| A．Liverpool and Hull should try to improve their traffic system. |
| B．The populations of Liverpool and Hull had a significant decline. |
| C．Pedestrians in Liverpool and Hull suffered from road accidents. |
| D．The experiment in Liverpool and Hull was limited by many factors. |
| A．To comfort people suffering from autism. |
| B．To offer pedestrians more traveling choices. |
| C．To arouse people’s traffic safety awareness. |
| D．To encourage people to use crossings more. |
| A．They have met with conflicting opinions. |
| B．They have been supported by dog owners. |
| C．They need to be improved further by designers. |
| D．They have effectively reduced pedestrian casualties. |
| A．Can colorful crossings give us more pleasure? |
| B．Will colorful crossings make our streets safer? |
| C．Why are colorful crossings used around the UK? |
| D．How can colorful crossings influence pedestrians? |
It was just past midnight. The stars were shining across the sky. Nicholas Bostic, a 38-year-old driver, was still out on his evening pizza delivery shift. With his favorite music on, he enjoyed the soft wind kissing his face. A she drove pasta two-story house around a street corner, he was shocked at the frightening sight: It was on fire! He stopped his car and rushed over to assess the situation and to determine if anyone might be trapped inside. He reached for his phone to dial 911, but realized he left it at home. He didn’t hear sirens(警报) in the distance. Nor did he see any bystanders dialing the fire department. Nicholas feared the home’s sleeping occupants might not wakeup in time to move to safety.
With no time to waste, he made the courageous decision to enter the home on his own without protective gear(护具). He gained entry through the back door. He rushed upstairs, yelling “fire!” throughout the home. The oldest child, Seionna, heard his screams and woke up. She woke up her younger sister and a friend who had stayed the night. She then ran to grab her 1-year-old baby sister.
Nicholas called out to the terrified girls and instructed them to follow him. The sister—Seionna, 18; Shaylee, 13; and Kalia, 1―and their family friend, Livian, 13, followed his directions to escape to the safety of the street.
“For a minute I didn’t understand it,” Shaylee recalled. “But my sister ran upstairs with the baby in her hands, yelling at us to get up because there’s a fire. That’s when we went downstairs, and Nicolas was downstairs helping us.”
Once outside in the fresh air, the girls shook in far and coughed from the smoke. However, they soon realized that their 6-year-old sister, Kaylani, had not escaped with them.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Without hesitation, Nicholas rushed back into the now flame-filled home.
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As flames shot at his feet, he broke the window’s glass with his bare hand.
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Originally known as the Imperial University of Peking, Peking University was established in 1898. The
Today, Peking University
Peking University’s library is one of the largest libraries in the world,
5 . The beginning of the 21st century is an era when the human mind has developed into a split screen, with one eye on real space and the other staring at the electronic mirror.
Modern technology has changed the path of time. This morning on a crowded bus I saw people texting, talking over the cell phone, checking e-mail, listening to iPods etc. Digital medium has taken over in the form of blogs. Private lives are increasingly translated into public space. The younger generation has embraced a more transparent lifestyle than older generations, and seems to have a different idea of privacy.
A woman writer like me cannot imagine a day without computers. I no longer write my articles with pens and paper. Instead, I simply write down ideas using the edit functions. The computer helps me correct the spelling and grammar in my writings if any. What a great advantage it is! Skype, chat, and call facilities keep me in touch with friends the world over and it feels like they’re living next door. There of course is the withdrawal (脱瘾期) symptom if I am unable to access my cell phone even for a short while.
A youngster today would prefer downloading books from the net rather than buying them in bookshops. Besides, I see Karishma, a home maker, often checking websites to find resale of apartments in the area of her choice. Her son Arjun is not interested in playing cricket (板球) with his friends on the playground but on his portable play station. Karishma talks about the transformation taking place during her generation. Earlier, she looked forward to watching movies together on the movie channel. “But these days children prefer to enjoy themselves with their numerous electronic goods,” Karishma comments sadly.
The bad side of modern technology is increased loneliness, loss in the number of jobs, and increased dependency on devices leading to reduction in competency and creativity.
1. Why does the author mention her experience of taking a bus?| A．To describe her busy work. |
| B．To show people’s private life. |
| C．To describe her transparent lifestyle. |
| D．To show the influence of modern technology. |
| A．She doesn’t have any foreign friends. |
| B．She keeps away from computers. |
| C．She is addicted to using cell phones. |
| D．She likes using pens to write articles. |
| A．By showing data. | B．By giving examples. |
| C．By listing reasons. | D．By concluding opinions. |
| A．Skeptical. | B．Unfriendly. | C．Unwilling. | D．Objective. |
6 . With all of the schools closed due to the COVID-19 outbreak, many platforms have been lowering their paywalls and offering their services for free to families affected by school closures.
IBM's Open P-Tech
IBM's learning platform is always free, and gives older students experience in subjects like AI, cybersecurity, quantum mechanics(量子力学) and more. Students can take self-di-rected courses and build skills, or even earn certificates that they can use on a resume(简历).
Waterford. org
Waterford. org, a nonprofit with a goal of achieving universal literacy for children, has a range of resources for parents to prevent children's summer slide. On the site, you can find summer reading challenges, tips and books for boosting social-emotional learning and other ideas for at-home learning activities.
WE Schools
For K-12 students, WE schools offers weekly lesson packages that fulfill distance learning. This includes lesson plans, ideas for at-home activities, and resources that improve social-emotional learning, well-being and service-learning. In addition, there are daily livestreams on Facebook Live.
PBS Kids Daily Newsletter
While there is always child-friendly content at PBS Kids, the website is going the extra mile during school closures: It's creating a newsletter that gives parents ideas for learning activities to do at home. A new newsletter arrives every weekday.
1. What do the platforms have in common?| A．They are intended for adults. | B．They offer various courses. |
| C．They help teachers teach well. | D．They cover news about schools. |
| A．IBM's Open P-Tech. | B．Waterford. org. |
| C．WE Schools. | D．PBS Kids Daily Newsletter. |
| A．It has some learning activities. | B．It offers live classes every day. |
| C．It is suitable for distance learning. | D．It helps students improve reading. |
7 . Throughout history, many species of animals have been threatened with extinction. When Europeans first arrived in North America, more than 60 million buffalo (水牛) lived on the continent. Yet hunting the buffalo was so popular during the 19th century that by 1900 the animal’s population had fallen to about 400 before the government stepped in to protect the species. In some countries today, the elephant faces a similar challenge, as illegal hunters kill the animals for the ivory in their tusks.
Yet not all animals with commercial value face this threat (威胁).The cow, for example, is a valuable source of food, but no one worries that the cow will soon be extinct. Why does the commercial value of ivory threaten the elephant. while the commercial value of beef protects the cow?
The reason is that elephants are a common resource, while cows are private goods. Elephants wander freely without any owners. The hunter has a strong motivation to kill as many elephants as he can find. Because illegal hunters are numerous, each has only a slight motivation to preserve the elephant population. By contrast, cattle live on farms that are privately owned. Each farmer makes great effort to maintain the cattle population on his farm because he harvests the benefit of these efforts.
Governments have tried to solve the elephant’s problem in two ways. Some countries, such as Kenya and Uganda, have made it illegal to kill elephants and sell their ivory. Yet these laws have been hard to put into effect, and elephant populations have continued to dwindle. By contrast, other countries, such as Malawi and Namibia, have made elephants private goods and allowed people to kill elephants, but only those on their own property.
With private ownership and the profit motive now on its side, the African elephant might someday be as safe from extinction as the cow. The ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle pointed out the problem with common resources: “What is common to many is taken least care of, for all men have greater regard for what is their own than for what they possess in common with others.”
1. Why does the author mention buffalo in paragraph 1?| A．To introduce a similar threat to elephants. |
| B．To provide an example of species extinction. |
| C．To offer an explanation for government policies. |
| D．To present the statistics of the buffalo in America. |
| A．They are under different law protection |
| B．They attract different groups of hunters |
| C．They contain different commercial value |
| D．They represent different ownership types |
| A．Bans on killing elephants for ivory |
| B．Effective laws for elephant protection. |
| C．Methods of making elephants private goods |
| D．Government policies on the elephant’s problem |
| A．People hold little regard for others’ property |
| B．People want to profit from common resources |
| C．People care more about their own possession |
| D．People tend to take what they own for granted |
China’s commerce ministry has told families to keep a store of daily
Some Chinese citizens placed comments
The Economic Daily newspaper told people not to have too much of an overactive imagination. The newspaper added that the purpose of the order was to make sure citizens were not surprised
The People’s Daily said the ministry makes such statements every year. The ministry made
The commerce ministry said local officials should buy vegetables that can
9 . With researchers suggesting that sitting is the new smoking, sit-stand desks (SSD) have become a common tool to interrupt long sitting in an office or classroom environment. As this furniture becomes popular, conflicting opinions have arisen on whether they can work as successfully as they are intended. Dr. April Chambers from the University of Pittsburgh worked with teammates to gather data from 3 studies and published a review article listing present information on the benefits of SSDs.
“There has been a great deal of scientific research about sit-stand desks in the past few years, but we have only scratched the surface of this topic,” said Chambers. I want to gather what we’ve known so far to figure out how we can use these desks to better benefit people in the workplace.
This work was done with Dr. Nancy A. Baker from Tufts University. The review examines the effects of a sit-stand desk in the following aspects: behavior, physiological(生理的), work performance, psychological, discomfort, and posture. Their work showed that using an SSD effectively got participants to sit less and stand more and that the device made users more comfortable at work. However, many frustrations (沮丧) with SSDs came from the physiological outcomes. According to the review, physiological effects were the most studied, but there were no significant results with regards to fatness.
There are many considerations about using an SSD most effectively, such as desk height, monitor height, and the amount of time to stand. Chambers believes that the overall arrangement of the workplace or study place and the amount of work are two factors that should be further studied.
Chambers noted that present research is limited because many of the studies were done with young and healthy subjects who were asked to use the desk for a week or a month at most. Since some of the significant benefits are with heart health or muscle discomfort, it may be beneficial to perform additional studies with middle-aged or overweight workers.
1. The arguments about SSDs mainly lie in .| A．their side effects | B．their popularity |
| C．their practical results | D．their original intentions |
| A．To call on people to stand more. | B．To suggest ways to better use SSDs. |
| C．To contradict the existing opinions. | D．To find out the drawbacks of SSDs. |
| A．Disappointed. | B．Content. |
| C．Positive. | D．Indifferent. |
| A．The height of the desk and the monitor. |
| B．The time people spend in standing. |
| C．Behavior and psychological aspects. |
| D．A broader range of the participants. |
With the International Conference on Food Loss and Waste closed on Saturday in Jinan, Shandong Province, the country has sent a signal to
The current world grain production is about 2.8 billion tons a year. Therefore, the loss of only one percentage
In recent years, China
We cannot end hunger
