1 . On Sunday, undersea explorer Tim Taylor and his team at the Lost 52 Project announced that they had located the long-lost submarine on June 5 about 1,427 feet underwater off Okinawa, Japan. Last year, researcher Yutaka Iwasaki found that the Navy had originally made an error in translating the Japanese war records that detailed where the Grayback had likely sunk. All this time, the Navy's historical records had listed an incorrect site for the submarine's location.
With the help of autonomous underwater vehicles, remotely operated vehicles and advanced imaging technology, the team discovered the Grayback about 100 miles from the area where it was originally thought to have gone down. The discovery was officially confirmed by the Navy, Robert S. Neyland, the head of the Naval History and Heritage.
On January 28, 1944, the Grayback set sail from Pearl Harbor for the East China Sea. About a month later, the submarine reported sinking two Japanese ships on February 19. Though the Grayback was scheduled to arrive in Midway on March 7, more than three weeks passed without sight of the submarine. And on March 30, 1944, the Grayback, one of the most successful submarines of World War II, was reported lost.
Gloria Hurney, whose uncle Raymond Parks died on the Grayback, said that she wasn't sure that the Grayback would ever be recovered. So when she first learned of the discovery, she felt a mixture of shock, disbelief, sadness. Eventually, though, those feelings turned into relief, comfort and peace. Hurney said in a statement to CNN. ''I believe it will allow recovery as relatives of crew members come together to share their stories. '' Neyland said in a statement, ''Each discovery of a sunken craft is an opportunity to remember and honor the service of our Sailors. ''
1. Why was the submarine NOT found before?| A．The Navy was wrong in changing records into Japanese . |
| B．The technology was not so advanced. |
| C．No information about the submarine was obtained. |
| D．There was no need to find it. |
| A．By accident. | B．By the Navy's hard-working. |
| C．By the families' determination. | D．By modern technology. |
| A．People's feeling about the discovery was complicated. |
| B．The Grayback would be recovered soon. |
| C．The Grayback was the most successful submarine of the World WarⅡ. |
| D．The Grayback was supposed to reach the destination on April 7. |
| A．Tim Taylor and his team announced a new discovery. |
| B．A World War Ⅱ submarine was discovered. |
| C．An opportunity to remember and honor the service of Sailors. |
| D．A mistake the Navy made in translating the Japanese war records. |
2 . As data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric(生物测量) technologies—like fingerprint scans—to keep others out of private e-spaces. At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.
Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device(装置) that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence(节奏) with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user’s typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine people’s identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer it’s connected to—regardless of whether someone gets the password right.
It also doesn’t require a new type of technology that people aren’t already familiar with. Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently.
In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch” four times using the smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates. The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like parts. The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.
1. Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard?| A．To reduce pressure on keys. | B．To improve accuracy in typing. |
| C．To replace the password system. | D．To cut the cost of e-space protection. |
| A．Computers are much easier to operate. |
| B．Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast. |
| C．Typing patterns vary from person to person. |
| D．Data security measures are guaranteed. |
| A．It’ll be environment-friendly. | B．It’ll reach consumers soon. |
| C．It’ll be made of plastics. | D．It’ll help speed up typing. |
| A．A diary. | B．A guidebook | C．A novel. | D．A magazine. |
3 . Students perform less well in final exams if smartphones are allowed in class, for non-academic (非学业的) purposes in lectures, a new study in Educational Psychology finds. Students who don’t use smartphones themselves but attend lectures where their use is acceptable also do worse, suggesting that smartphone use damages the group learning environment.
Researchers from Rutgers University in the US performed an in-class experiment to test whether dividing attention between smartphones and the lecturer during the class affected students’ performance in within-lecture tests and a final exam. 118 students at Rutgers University took part in the experiment during one term of their course. Smartphones were not allowed in half of the lectures and allowed in the other half. When smartphones were allowed, students were asked to record whether they had used them for non-academic purposes during the lecture.
The study found that having a smartphone didn’t lower students’ scores in comprehension tests within lectures, but it did lower scores in the final exam by at least 5%, or half a grade. This finding shows for the first time that the main effect of divided attention in the classroom is on the length of time in keeping memory, with fewer things of a study task later remembered. In addition, when the use of smartphones was allowed in class, performance was also poorer for students who did not use them as well as for those who did.
The study’s lead author, Professor Arnold Glass, added: “These findings should alarm students and teachers that dividing attention is having a not obvious but harmful effect that is damaging their exam performance and final grade. To help manage the use of smartphones in the classroom, teachers should explain to students the alarming effect—not only for themselves, but for the whole class.”
This is the first-ever study in an actual classroom showing a relationship between losing attention from smartphones and exam performance. However, more researches are required to see how students are affected by using smartphones after school.
1. What is the purpose of paragraph 1?| A．To present the main findings of the experiment. |
| B．To explain how the experiment was carried out. |
| C．To give details about the result of the experiment. |
| D．To suggest what should be done for teachers and students. |
| A．had no bad effect if students do not use them |
| B．caused an average 5% drop in students’ scores |
| C．made it harder for students to keep things in mind |
| D．had a bad effect on students’ performance in all tests |
| A．He was against it. |
| B．He was in favor of it. |
| C．He cared little about it. |
| D．He doubted the findings. |
| A．To find out ways to improve students’ memory. |
| B．To call on schools to ban smartphones completely. |
| C．To study the influence of using smartphones after class. |
| D．To do researches on focusing attention in actual classrooms. |
4 . The Internet plays a big part in human life. We use it for work and pleasure. We use it to learn a new language. We find advice on it. We use it to connect with family and friends. We use it to stay in touch with events we care about. The list goes on and on.
As far as the Internet being a part of our lives. - Well,that train has left the station. This expression means there is no going back to an Internet-free life. But can using the Internet too much be bad for our health? It might be, say researchers. A new study finds that heavy Internet use may be connected to high blood pressure (血压) in a young group: teenagers.
The study results show that teens who spend at least 14 hours a week only may cause high blood pressure, which makes your heart and blood vessels (血管) work too hard. Over time, this extra pressure increases your risk of a heart attack. High blood pressure can also cause heart and other diseases.
The Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit, Michigan did the study. 335 young people, from 14 to 17 years old, took part in it. 134 0f the teens were described as "heavy Internet users". And researchers found that out of these 134 teens, 26 had high blood pressure. The researchers say the study is the first to connect heavy web use with high blood pressure.
The lead researcher is Andrea CassidyBushrow. She said, "Using the Internet is part of our daily life, but it shouldn't ruin us. " Ms. Cassidy-Bushrow adds that it is important for teens to take regular breaks from their computers or smartphones and do some kind of physical activity. She also suggests that parents shouldn't let their children use the Internet for more than two hours a day, five days a week.
1. What does the underlined sentence "that train has left the station. " mean in paragraph 2?| A．the train has stopped at the wrong station. |
| B．there is something wrong with the station. |
| C．the train has changed its course. |
| D．life without the Internet is nowhere to be found. |
| A．The advantages of Internet use. | B．The disadvantages of Internet use. |
| C．The harm of high blood pressure. | D．Ways to prevent high blood pressure. |
| A．teenagers shouldn't use the Internet |
| B．the Internet will ruin human life in the future |
| C．regular breaks are necessary when using the Internet |
| D．smartphones are more harmful than computers |
| A．Heavy Internet users are mostly teenagers. |
| B．How to prevent teenagers from the Internet. |
| C．Every coin has two sides - so does the Internet. |
| D．Too much Internet use may be bad for teenagers. |
5 . One Moore Elementary school teacher is showing students the importance of communication through “shout-outs”. Third Grade Moore Elementary Teacher Lindsey Winders said a shout-out is a compliment(称赞) that students can say or write down. “Like, ‘hey I noticed you doing a really great job solving your math problems yesterday. I wanted to make sure you know that I saw you do that,’” Winders said.
Winders said she makes sure she is giving shout-outs to her students every day. “I might write them a sticky note, or write them a quick little note in their planner. I might just say it to them on their way into the classroom or on their way out of the classroom, but most importantly I try to do it every day,” Winders said.
In addition to the compliments, Winders has the students greet(问候) each other every morning during morning meeting. She will have students give examples to the class of how to communicate in different settings(场景). Third grade student Nayelli Moranchel said she had given at least six shout-outs this year. “It makes me happy, because they always write something back,” Moranchel said.
Recently, Winders took it one step further and wrote a personalized note on each of her students’ desk. “In our classroom, sometimes it can be challenging for me to give a compliment or a shout-out to each and every one of them in a way that feels equal(平等的) and valuable at the same time. So I decide that there is no better way than leaving a note on their desk that can stay for as long as they wants it to,” Winders said.
Winders said it is encouraging when she sees her students copy the act, and give each other compliments without her guidance(指导).
1. What does the underlined word “that” mean in Paragraph 1?| A．Giving a shout-out. |
| B．Solving math problems. |
| C．Teaching important lessons. |
| D．Writing down the names of students. |
| A．By helping them take notes. |
| B．By making practical plans for them. |
| C．By serving as a daily example herself. |
| D．By greeting them during morning meeting. |
| A．Leaving a note on each student’s desk. |
| B．Praising them as long as they want it. |
| C．Explaining the value of compliments. |
| D．Giving them shout-outs at the same time. |
| A．It is very successful. |
| B．It is facing challenges. |
| C．It needs proper guidance. |
| D．It is copied by other teachers. |
6 . Sharenting
It’s the holiday season, the time when we connect with family and friends. Social media sites like Twitter and Facebook are full of festive pictures, featuring parents’ catching and sharing those special family moments, their child’s wish list, and maybe even a cute video of their child dancing to “Jingle Bell Rock” while wearing a diaper (尿片) and Santa hat. Swelling with pride, parents can’t wait to get approval with a “thumbs up” or better yet a personalized message on their treasured post.
Adults should be able to post what they want online. However, when exposing family moments online, are they sharing too much information? Do parents have the right to share those cute now, but embarrassing later moments about kids? Have children willingly given their agreement to sharing their cute but funny video online?
A recent study found that 75% of parents turn to social media for parenting-related information and social support. There is even a term used to describe the overuse of sharing too much information about kids on social media: “sharenting”. Research also finds that “sharenting” isn’t going anywhere anytime soon. What’s troublesome is that a typical parent has about 150 Facebook friends and only a third of them are actual friends. So that brings up good questions – Who are we really sharing our information with and why? Who knows when and where that photo could resurface in the future?
While there’s no reliable information on how young children feel about things posted online, we do have information about how teens feel. According to a report by the Family Online Safety Institute, 76% of teens are concerned about their privacy. Many teens constantly search for new apps that allow anonymity. When names are required, they use screen names that don’t reveal real information. If our teens are doing a better job of protecting themselves online, shouldn’t parents take the lead and do the same? Plus, with more and more college admission representatives and potential employers surfing the internet for potential candidates, we’d hate for one of our posts to change an important decision. Think about it … online reputations are now becoming inseparable with real life ones.
Of course, we can secure our privacy settings, only allowing our friends to view pictures, posts and videos, but that doesn’t stop others from uploading our pictures. Adults need to be cautious of sharing information online, especially information about children.
So, this holiday season, enjoy family time and share those special memories with family and friends. Before clicking the app to upload photos or videos, stop and think twice.
1. Which of the following behaviors is “sharenting”?| A．A girl attends a live performance online. |
| B．A father tells his son’s story to his colleagues. |
| C．A mother posts her baby’s pictures on Facebook. |
| D．A boy invites his friends to his birthday party at home. |
| A．One’s real name. | B．Using strange names. |
| C．Unchangeable names. | D．Being unknown by name. |
| A．Sympathetic. | B．Negative. |
| C．Neutral. | D．Unconcerned. |
| A．To state an argument. | B．To support an opinion. |
| C．To compare different ideas. | D．To question a point of view. |
7 . Since the first Earth Day in 1970, Americans have gotten a lot “greener” toward the environment. “We didn’t know at that time there even was an environment, let alone that there was a problem with it,” says Bruce Anderson, president of Earth Day USA.
But what began as nothing important in public affairs has grown into a social movement .Business people, political leaders, university professors, and especially millions of grass-roots Americans are taking part in the movement. “The understanding has increased many， many times,” says Gaylord Nelson, the former governor from Wisconsin, who thought up the first. According to US government reports, emissions (排放)from cars and trucks have dropped from 10.3 million tons a year to 5.5 tons .The number of cities producing CO beyond the standard has been reduced from 40 to 9. Although serious problems still remain and need to be dealt with, the world is a safer and healthier place. A kind of “Green thinking” has become part of practices.
Great improvement has been achieved. In 1988 there were only 600 recycling programs; today in 1995 there are about 6,600. Advanced lights, motors, and building designs have helped save a lot of energy and therefore prevented pollution.
Twenty –five years ago, there were hardly any education programs for environment. Today, it’s hard to find a public school, university, or law school that does not have such a kind of program. “Until we do that, nothing else will change!” says Bruce Anderson.
1. According to Anderson, before 1970, Americans had little idea about ___.| A．the social movement | B．recycling techniques |
| C．environmental problems | D．the importance of Earth Day |
| A．The grass –roots level. | B．The business circle. |
| C．Government officials. | D．University professors. |
| A．They have cut car emissions to the lowest. |
| B．They have settled their environmental problems. |
| C．They have lowered their CO levels in forty cities. |
| D．They have reduced pollution through effective measures. |
| A．Education. | B．Planning |
| C．Green living | D．CO reduction |
8 . Avoid Internet Addiction
Admit you have an addition．
Limit your computer time．Make sure not to turn it on too many times a week．Before using your computer，decide on a time limit such as 30 minutes．Set the clock and make sure that you get off the computer when the time is up．
Try using the computer at the library．You won't be as attracted to look at certain websites and they do have a limit on how long you can stay online．
| A．You will be happier if you use the Internet less． |
| B．There is no use avoiding the truth． |
| C．Also，it is a good place to get some good books and magazines to read． |
| D．Get a hobby or an interest． |
| E．Internet addition affects a lot of people． |
| F．Get your family to remind you if you've been on a long time． |
| G．Try to reduce the amount of time by 5minutes each time． |
