2 . Negative effects of social media on teenagers

In the past few years, we have seen a rapid growth in the use of social media and networking sites like Facebook, Twitter, MySpace, etc.    1    However, it is also important for them to realize some of the negative effects of these sites. Here, we are listing some negative effects that social media may have on teenagers.

They share too much. Everyone of us has our own set of beliefs and ideas.    2    However, sharing such ideas on website like Facebook may lead to this information being passed on to people we don’t know well.

    3    Social media sites may have an emotional impact on teenager who are suffering from low confidence. Such teenagers may judge their success by the number of friends they have on the Facebook or whether they are included in a specific group of people. This may further weaken their confidence.

They affect social skills. Due to spending more time online teens often do not notice the importance and appropriate behaviors related to face-to-face contact.    4    It is a pity these skills may not develop properly online.

They may result in identity theft(身份盗用). One of the big problems with social media sites is that teenagers often do not fully read or understand the privacy setting of their accounts. They do not realize the risks of giving away personal information. According to a recent survey, 20% of the teenagers think it is perfectly safe to post their personal information and photos online.    5    

A．They cause emotional problems.

B．And we’d like to share them with our close friends.

C．They are harmful to friendships.

D．Such teenagers may easily become victims(牺牲者)of identity theft.

E．Teenagers love this new way of staying in touch with friends.

F．This may lead to distrust of strangers.

G．However, they are necessary skills for success in real life.

3 . A new study shows that when teachers participate in a training programme focused on prosocial (亲社会的) classroom behaviour, their students are better able to control their emotions, and that children who can regulate emotions are more likely to be academically successful.

For the study, which appears in Prevention Science, researchers looked at more than 100 teachers and 1,817 students from kindergarten to third grade to see if teachers could support students’ emotional and behavioural growth through the Incredible Years-Teacher Classroom Management (IY-TCM) programme.

The programme uses videos and training sessions, along with role-playing and coaching, to help teachers learn management skills such as using behaviour-specific praise, building positive relationships with students, and considering how to reduce poor behaviour. Teachers in the training group increased interactions with students by 64 per cent compared with 53 per cent for teachers in the control group without the training.

“Emotional regulation is the ability to recognize what behaviour is appropriate in the present situation,” says Wendy Reinke, a professor in the College of Education at the University of Missouri. “For example, a student might have difficulty controlling the feeling of anger if he or she becomes annoyed with another student. But under this programme, the teacher encourages them to move to a different spot in the classroom, effectively teaching them that sometimes stepping away and taking a break is a good way to calm down and manage the feeling.”

After one school year of using the programme in classrooms, students improved their social ability and ability to regulate their emotions. These improvements resulted in an increase in the tests for students in Incredible Years classrooms vs students in control classrooms. And this classroom management approach can help reduce the risk for struggling learners early on, which could help prevent more accumulative support needs in a child’s future.

1. What do the teachers do in the IY-TCM programme?

A．Learn how to identify poor behaviour.

B．Offer the researchers advice on emotional control.

C．Take care of kids from kindergarten to third grade.

D．Apply different ways to learning how to manage kids.

2. What do Wendy Reinke’s words suggest in Para. 4?

A．Now it is hard for students to control their anger.

B．A calm manner is an effective way to handle problems.

C．Few can realize their behaviour is unfit for a situation.

D．The programme will show how to handle troublesome kids.

3. What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A．Study results of the programme are entirely unexpected.

B．Students in control classrooms can better control their emotions.

C．The programme advances the students’ academic performance.

D．Students change their bad behaviour shortly through the programme.

4. What is the author’s attitude towards the training programme?

A．Positive.

B．Negative.

C．Subjective.

D．Indifferent.

4 . A bicycle may be seen by most people as just another vehicle(交通工具), but for many Londoners, cycling is a way of life.According to an official UK government survey in 2017, about 570,000 bike journeys are made every day in London.In fact, almost half of the vehicles that pass over London Bridge each day are bikes.

London introduced a public bike­sharing system in 2010. “There can be no doubt that our trusty bicycles have changed the way people get around our great city,” Johnson told The Guardian in 2015.

In London, bikes are used for more than just taking short trips to and from the subway.No matter where you want to go in the city, taking a bike is usually the quickest and easiest choice.

And it's not just shared bikes that the government is encouraging people to ride.In many companies across the UK, the UK government's Cycle to Work scheme(骑行倡议) allows employees to buy a brand new bike without having to pay any tax(税)．This means that it's common to see many people cycling to and from work, and some employers even provide workplace showers and lockers(储物柜) for their workers.More importantly, a cycle­-friendly boss may let you off for being late if you rode a bike to work.

Not only is it great for the environment and our body, cycling is also good for the mind.According to National Geographic Magazine, “Bike riding can improve people's happiness.”

1. How does the author show the popularity of cycling in London?

A．By making comparisons.	B．By giving examples.
C．By using numbers.	D．By using famous sayings.

2. What's the author's attitude toward the bike­sharing system in London?

A．Uninterested.	B．Doubtful.
C．Disappointed.	D．Supportive

3. What can employees get from the government under the “Cycle to Work” scheme?

A．A tax-free bike.	B．Free bike-sharing services.
C．Shorter working hours.	D．Workplace showers and lockers.

4. What does the underlined phrase “let you off”mean in the last paragraph mean?

A．不惩罚	B．奖赏.
C．请假	D．使爆炸

5 . LONDON——Global auction(拍卖）sales of Chinese art and antiques fell in 2019 to $ 5.7 billion, a 10 percent drop year-on-year, and the lowest level for the collecting category since 2010. The Global Chinese Art Auction market report, compiled by Artnet and the Chinese Association of Auctioneers, found this was clue to trade tensions between the United States and China, as well as a slowdown of GDP in China.

The report, now in its eighth edition, noted that the value of total auction sales within the Chinese mainland declined by 10 percent in 2019 to $ 3.7 billion, the lowest total since 2010. Outside China, there was also a 9 percent drop in sales of Chinese art and antiques.

“The combination of such slowdowns resulted in a weakening of collectors' confidence and a more cautious attitude among buyers making decisions on investing in art in 2019," said the report.

However, despite the downturn in total sales value for Chinese art and antiques in 2019, the European market showed some positive trends emerging. Significant peaks in lots offered and lots sold in Europe, combined with a strong sell through rate（卖出率）of 61 percent in 2019.

Europe accounted for 29 percent of all Chinese art and antique lots sold overseas in 2019 , according to the report, closing in on（接近）the North American market's share.

The annual report also found strong performances with 20th century and contemporary Chinese art in both the Chinese mainland and overseas, boosted by a younger generation of Chinese collectors.

The average price for the category increased in the Chinese mainland, up by 23 percent year- on-year, and overseas sales saw a nine-year high in 2019. But fine Chinese paintings and calligraphy, the largest collecting category on the Chinese mainland, did not perform as well.

According to the report this category “continued to spiral(螺旋式的）downwards, reaching its lowest point in sales since 2013”. The number of lots dropped by 10 percent year-on-year, almost half of that of 2013 and it also struggled elsewhere, with the overseas total falling to a seven-year low.

1. What is the third paragraph mainly about?

A．The result of a weakening of collectors' confidence in buying art.

B．The advantage of buyers' making decisions on investing in art.

C．The advantage of the decline of the value of total auction sales.

D．The result of the decline of the value of total auction sales.

2. Why does the report say “fine Chinese paintings and calligraphy did not perform as well” on the Chinese mainland?

A．Their standards were not so high.

B．Their prices were not so satisfying.

C．They are the largest collecting category.

D．The average price for the category rose sharply.

3. What does the underlined phrase “accounted for” in paragraph 5 mean?

A．Took up.	B．Took off.
C．Took away.	D．Took on.

4. Which can be the best title for the news report?

A．A Slowdown of GDP in China in 2019

B．A Report on the Global Chinese Art Auction Market

C．Trade Tensions Between the United States and China

D．Global Auction Sales of Chinese Antiques and Art Fall to a 10-year Low

6 . Twenty-five years ago, most young Britons wanted a career in law, to be a doctor, or, if they were creative enough, to take up singing. But today, things stand differently.

According to a survey by Tesco Mobile, a UK company, the “dream job” of young people aged between 16 and 25 in the UK is a video blogger, or “vlogger” (视频博主). The survey, carried out among 1,002 people, found that as much as 40 percent of them put vlogger as their number one choice on a list of ideal careers.

This change is undoubtedly as a result of the Internet and social media. They have made it so much easier to reach audience of the world, without having to enter a career in show business in the traditional way.

In the past, the biggest stars were trained by the Hollywood studios; now, anyone with a computer camera can become a star. Vloggers are the big stars of today because they are normal people interacting with their fans about everyday life.

However, what people see is only the bright side of being a vlogger and they fail to notice the fact that only those who are successful earn fame and fortune. For every success there are hundreds of others who never get off the starting line. There are the dreams that come true and the dreams that remain dreams forever.

Although being vloggers is popular, some young people choose to follow careers that don’t necessarily earn them fame, but allow them to make good use of the Internet to share their hobbies. Young Israeli David Leshaw, for example, runs a business called the Finishers Club. It’s an online platform for runners to keep a record of their races. His job allows him to express his enthusiasm, and is always a learning experience. And that's enough for him.

1. What is the passage mainly about?

A．Most young Britons choose to be vloggers as their job.

B．The Internet is influencing young Britons’career choice.

C．The Internet is taking the place of traditional studios.

D．Young Britons can not find jobs without the Internet.

2. Why do more and more young Britons choose to be vloggers?

A．Vloggers can earn greater fame and more money on the Internet.

B．There is too much competition in the traditional show business.

C．The Internet makes it convenient to enter show business.

D．Anyone with a computer will surely become a star.

3. What can we infer from Paragraph 5?

A．Only a few vloggers can be famous and wealthy.

B．A vlogger can not earn fame and fortune.

C．People often see the bright side of being a vlogger.

D．Dreams will always remain dreams.

4. What do young people like David do on the Internet?

A．Learn from others.	B．Become an online hit.
C．Hold running races.	D．Combine jobs with hobbies.

7 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

More than twenty American states ban smoking in public.     1     study has proved that smoke-free laws can reduce a major effect of tobacco—heart disease.The study     2     (take) place in Pueblo, Colorado several years ago. In some states, there were 396 heart attack     3     (patient) in the year before the ban in hospitals.

However,18 months     4     the ban, the number was 237. Smoking in enclosed (封闭的) places is very     5     (harm) to non-smoke. Adults may think they are     6     (actual) protecting their children from second-hand smoke when they smoke outside their homes, or when the children are not there. However, researchers     7     (warn) of what they call “third-hand smoke” so far. When you smoke they say, dangerous matter from tobacco smoke gets into     8     (you) hair and clothing. Then, when you touch a baby, the baby comes into contact with that poisonous matter. The researchers also found that people,     9     agreed that smoke was bad for children’s health, were more likely to have restriction on     10     (smoke) in their homes than others.

8 . Disasters are like a mirror. They show both our bright and dark sides, as individuals and as a society. As citizens in China and beyond continue to fight against the coronavirus(新冠状病毒),the daily lives of many have gone through changes - from simple routine adjustments to complete devotion from volunteers.

People have consciously chosen to stay at home to prevent further human-to-human spread. However, that didn't stop employees and students from working and studying at home. On Feb 17, the scheduled first school day, many teachers started to give online lessons. Bored at home, many people began to learn new things to fill their newly-found time, such as baking or knitting.

The film named Contagion,2011 shows the worst-case that might happen after a worldwide epidemic. Fortunately, the situation in China couldn't be more different than the movie. Rather than violence and food shortage, everything has worked out rather well in China so far.

Scientists isolated (分离) the first virus strain, more than 30,000 medical workers in over 100 medical teams gathered and thousands of construction workers came to build hospitals in Wuhan, Hubei province. Thousands of volunteers are working nonstop to help deliver supplies and assist the affected regions.

Sociologists once debated whether volunteer service is common to see around the world. Indeed, more than 30 years of research—exploring disasters in Europe, Asia, and America—confirmed that the need to help is universal wherever disaster strikes.

“It's normal that when disasters happen, people will fall into panic. In reality, we're more likely to rush in to help others than run them over to save ourselves,” wrote American psychologist Kelly Caldwell in Pacific Standard. “It's an exercise in mass healing.”

1. What is the main purpose of the first paragraph?

A．To tell readers a lesson.

B．To show the effect of a disaster.

C．To introduce the topic of the text.

D．To raise the readers' interest in the mirror.

2. What is the second paragraph mainly about?

A．People chose to stay at home to avoid panic.

B．People tried every means to learn new things.

C．Online working and studying became more popular.

D．People adjusted to their routines to avoid infection.

3. Which does the underlined part in Paragraph3 mean?

A．China's situation was the same with the movie.

B．China experienced violence and food shortage.

C．Chinese people have gone through many changes.

D．China's situation was quite different from the movie.

4. From which is the text probably taken?

A．A newspaper.	B．A science fiction.
C．A medical journal.	D．A science report.

9 . It’s important for children to take part in social activities during their summer holidays. “Kids should have a break during the summer. They’ve worked hard during the school year and this is their time to relax, but they should continue communicating with their friends and meeting new people,” said Dr. Jin Han. He’s a professor at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston.

Spending time with friends and meeting new people by doing fun and educational activities such as music, arts and sports programs in summer help with their development. “If children spend a lot of time alone on their electronic equipment, then they will fail to communicate with others,” Han said. “In today’s world, it’s very easy for kids to stay indoors all day and keep in touch with others, but that is not a good way to connect with others. Face-to-face communication is necessary and important. Parents should restrict the time their children spend on electronic equipment. For example, the time they spend on their phones cannot be more than one hour a day.”

It’s also important for children to spend quality time with their parents and sisters or brothers. “It’s not the length of time, but the quality of time that families spend together that is really valuable,” Han said. “This type of communication is not something that you can get from anywhere else. It doesn’t matter how old the child is, because family bonding (人与人之间的关系) experiences can happen at any time.”

Having children spend time with friends and families doesn’t have to spend money in the wallet, either. For example, going to the neighborhood swimming pool or having a picnic is a great way to spend quality time together.

1. What does Dr. Jin Han think about the summer holidays according to the first paragraph?

A．It is necessary for children to have a rest during summer holidays.

B．Children should relax as much as possible during summer holidays.

C．Making new friends in summer holidays is difficult for children.

D．Children should prepare for schoolwork in summer holidays.

2. What does the underlined word “restrict” mean in Paragraph 2?

A．Increase.

B．Control.

C．Spend.

D．Employ.

3. What can we infer from children spending time with families?

A．How long children spend with families matters.

B．What to do with families depends on the parents.

C．When to spend time with families makes a difference.

D．How to enjoy the time with families is of great importance.

4. What is the main idea of the text?

A．The importance of friends and families.	B．The introduction of some social activities.
C．The suitable ways to spend summer holidays.	D．The necessity of face-to-face communication.

10 . “The price of books for our students is just getting higher and higher and，combined with the rising cost of tuition，it’s killing these students，”said Peter Jason，a college professor. “Remember，students are one of the poorest groups of people in America. Almost half of them have at least one part-time job. In fact，one of my students has three jobs. And she still manages to have high scores and go to school full-time. ”

Textbook prices are traditionally high. Adding to that problem, many college teachers change textbooks year after year; they either upgrade to a new edition or switch to an entirely different textbook. This further hurts students because if an instructor no longer uses a particular textbook，that book has no resale value.

Dr. Jason decided to make reading a little easier and a lot cheaper for his students by writing his own book on public speaking. “Many books have an increased price because of CD-ROMs，lots of color photographs and pictures. I talked to my students，and many of them，like me，prefer to keep things simple! So，a few years ago，I wrote my own textbook. Compared to most other public speaking books，mine is half the number of pages，and one-third the price. That is，$30 instead of $90.   When I wrote a second edition last year，students only had to buy the 35 new pages, For only $7. 00，they had almost a new book. Now my loose-leaf textbook enjoys great popularity among the students. Maybe in the future more writers and publishers will try it. ”

1. What did Dr. Jason say about students at college?

A．They are short of money.

B．They need better textbooks.

C．They should do part-time jobs.

D．They are trying to get high scores.

2. What did Dr. Jason decide to do to help the students?

A．To choose cheaper textbooks.

B．To write a textbook himself.

C．To speak to his students.

D．To use old textbooks.

3. How much does a public speaking textbook usually cost?

A．About 7 dollars.	B．About 30 dollars.
C．About 37 dollars.	D．About 90 dollars.

4. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A．Dr. Jason’s textbook has CD-ROMs and nice pictures.

B．More writers and publishers will write simpler textbooks.

C．Dr. Jason teaches public speaking at a college.

D．Dr. Jason’s textbook is not well received.