1 . Smart phones are greatly changing the way we walk down the street. Office workers and young people are walking like the old as they check emails and messages.

Scientists have found mobile phones make us walk more slowly, with modest steps, to avoid falling over. The leader of the study said the walk is just like someone in their eighties. Researchers found people writing a text message walk more than twice as slowly as those without a phone, finding it harder to stay in a straight line.

The scientists examined 252 people walking while reading a text message, writing one, speaking on their phones or without their phones at all. Writing a text is the hardest activity, causing people to look down at their phone 46 percent more, and 45 percent longer, than when reading a message. This led people to walk 118 per cent more slowly than when they were without their phones. People walked almost a third more slowly while reading a text and 19 per cent while talking on the phone.

Smart phones were found to stop people from walking in a straight line, putting them at greater risk of running into other people, cars or street lamps. This increased the need to slow down and take more careful steps.

John Timmis said the idea for this study came from following someone walking down the street in the afternoon, who was walking as if he had had several drinks. I thought it was a bit early for that, then walked up alongside him and saw that he was on his phone. Simply being on the phone changes the way people walk.

1. What does the underlined word “modest” mean in the second paragraph?

A．Young.	B．Straight.
C．Low.	D．Small.

2. Based on the text, who walk the most slowly?

A．Those not carrying phones.

B．Those writing a text message.

C．Those reading a text message.

D．Those speaking on their phones.

3. What made people with phones take more careful steps?

A．The need to walk straight.

B．The desire to use their phones.

C．The chance of possible accidents.

D．The traffic jams during rush hours.

4. What made John Timmis decide to do the research?

A．Seeing office workers walking like the elderly.

B．Seeing people walking in the street hurriedly.

C．Watching young people who were walking normally.

D．watching a person who was walking in the street in a strange way .

3 . 青少年是祖国的未来。在创建全国文明城区的过程中，吴忠市举办了“美德少年”评选活动。请根据以下提示，以“Be a Virtue Teenager”为题，用英语写一篇倡议书，号召大家积极争做“美德少年”。
1.在学校：努力学习知识，养成良好的学习习惯，爱运动；
2.在家里：经常与家人交流，分担家务；
3.在社会：在公共场合不要大声喧哗，注意安全；
4.发表你的观点。
要求：1.文中不得出现真实的人名或地名；
2.语言通顺，条理清楚，书写规范；
3.要点齐全，内容可适当发挥；
4.词数：100—120（开头已给出，不计入总词数）。

Be a Virtue Teenager

Teenagers are the future of our motherland, and also the symbol of our district.

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6 . The Worlds' Best Bookshops

There's nothing like being surrounded by books， wherever you are． Here are the finest oases of literature that travellers can bring you．

Daikanyama T﹣site | Tokyo

It is well worth visiting even if just to admire the building's beautiful， crisscrossed architecture． Once you've had your fill of roaming three floors' worth of bookshelves， there's the bar， the coffee shop， or even the video rental space to give you more reason to stay just that little bit longer． Grab a book， order a beer and dive into its pages． I could have stayed hours here．

City Lights | San Francisco

The three﹣storey establishment publishes and sells titles in poetry， fiction， translation， politics， history and the arts． It hosts events and readings， and runs a non﹣profit of the same name that aims to promote diversity of voices and ideas in literature． It's opposite Vesuvio， a bar frequented by Kerouac and other Beat﹣generation writers and artists．

Shakespeare and Company | Paris

I made a special trip to the Left Bank for this one when I was in Paris． It has two floors packed with English﹣language texts， and I was particularly struck by any spare wall space devoted to notes from visitors ﹣ heartfelt messages to a loved one， dedications to the shop itself， or a quote from a favourite author or philosopher．

Hutatma Chowk | Mumbai

A few years ago I visited India， investigating Rudyard Kipling's connections with the country． I spotted a cheap copy of The Jungle Book on one of the tarp﹣covered book stalls at Hutatma Chowk （Martyrs' Square）． The booksellers here are like amateur librarians， able to lay their hands on almost any title you ask for． To me， those well﹣thumbed （翻旧了的） books spoke volumes about the changes of Mumbai's readers in the 150 years since the city gave us Kipling．

1. In which bookshop can you buy a drink while visiting？

A．Daikanyama T﹣site.

B．City Lights.

C．Shakespeare and Company.

D．Hutatma Chowk.

2. What can be learned about the book stalls at Hutatma Chowk？

A．People can meet Rudyard Kipling there．

B．They sell the cheapest books in the world．

C．The book owners are amateur librarians．

D．The sellers are familiar with the books．

3. What do the four bookstores have in common？

A．They are beautifully designed．

B．They are three﹣storey buildings．

C．They offer book lovers good experience．

D．They are frequently visited by great writers．

7 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

According to a recent survey, violence did exist in schools. Students showed their fear and parents and teachers also     1    （express）their great concern about it. Experts hope     2     whole society pays more attention to the mental health of adolescents.

Nowadays, school violence is a hot issue. I think this is a phenomenon, which     3     (call) for our great concern. We should make every effort     4     (prevent) school violence happening at school, for more and more students would drop out of school if their personal     5     (safe) could not be guaranteed. In fact, violence can be learned.     6     (actual), children learn violence behavior from adults or from     7     they see on television or on the Internet.

If I meet with school violence, I will not answer violence with violence, for it will result in     8     (much) fighting. I will tell my teachers or parents about it. I think they will help me deal with it well and they will protect me from the bad guys.

All in all, we students should behave     9     (we) and keep away     10     violence.