1 . Characteristics of an excellent scientist
The dictionary defines a scientist as a person having professional knowledge on one or more sciences, especially natural science or physical science.
Curiosity
An excellent scientist must be very curious about things. Scientists such as Thomas Edison and George Westinghouse discovered things mainly because they wanted to know how things work.
Patience
Becoming a scientist takes a long time.
Ethical (道德的) qualities
In order to truly discover and use knowledge for the greater good, a scientist must have a desire to improve people’s life as well as the environment, since they are linked and they can affect one another in the long run.
Working habits
A.To make discoveries, you have to think differently. |
B.There are very few jobs that take longer than this one. |
C.It also defines a scientist as someone who uses scientific methods. |
D.A scientist must report findings honestly regardless of personal interests or public opinion. |
E.One of the main places that many scientists work in is the research laboratory. |
F.An excellent scientist even takes notes of the smallest observation and keeps it in mind. |
G.Without a drive to ask questions or even wonder, a scientist will never get to the first stage of the scientific process. |
2 . Benedict Morelli, one of New York’s top-rated lawyers, owns Morelli Law Firm, which has offices, lawyers, cases and experts all over the country. Benedict Morelli and his team of experienced lawyers are expert at handling a wide variety of cases, from auto and truck accidents, to construction injuries, to complex employment discrimination.
One critical reason for their success is that unlike many firms, Morelli Law has the experience, patience, and resources to pursue all difficult cases. Since founding the firm, Mr. Morelli and his team have successfully dealt with an impressive list of outstanding cases in the industry. In fact, they have delivered more than a billion dollars on behalf of their clients. Impressive firm results include a $95 million settlement in a sexual discrimination case involving Aaron’s Inc., as well as a $62 million settlement for Mark Perez, a construction worker who fell from a roof and suffered a brain injury.
When asked whether they would feel afraid when facing difficult opponents in court, “At my core, I’m a trial lawyer,” said Benedict Morelli. “Because of our experience and accomplishments in the courtroom, our opponents know that we’re prepared to pursue the best result possible. Going to trial does not intimidate us.”
The firm is devoted to realizing its clients’ goals both inside and outside of the courtroom. For example, in a drunk driving case, the firm worked with the client to strengthen New York laws that punish drunk drivers. This effort has made it easier for lawyers in New York to charge drunk drivers. Moreover, Mr. Moreli and his team are also committed to helping those who have been wronged achieve the justice they deserve, no matter the difficulty of the circumstances.
Corporations are powerful actors in society and Mr. Morelli and his team feel fortunate to be in a position to provide the highest level of service to their clients.
1. What contributes to Morelli Law Firm’s success?A.Talents, Strategies and funds. |
B.Attitude, passion and resolution. |
C.Experience, patience and resources. |
D.Management, devotion and knowledge. |
A.Scare. | B.Threaten. | C.Benefit. | D.Excite. |
A.It has made more than a billion dollars from their clients. |
B.It focuses mainly on bringing justice to the wrongful cases. |
C.It aims to help clients obtain good outcomes in and out of court. |
D.It works with New York to pass laws on banning drinking alcohol. |
A.Morelli Law Firm | B.A top-rated lawyer |
C.Morelli and his cases | D.Corporations in society |
3 . It is commonly thought that productivity involves doing several things at once.
According to Newport, deep work is an invaluable skill in today’s economy. It allows you to learn difficult things quickly. Most people are distracted when they work, so if you learn to work without distraction, that gives you an advantage.
It’s important to schedule deep work into your day. Otherwise, it’s easy to let your time fill up with shallow work. Newport recommends doing deep work as your first task of the day.
Because deep work is by definition cognitively demanding, you won’t be able to do it all day. Beginners can usually only focus on deep work for approximately an hour, and even experts have trouble going more than four hours.
A.So set reasonable goals for yourself. |
B.Concentration is an increasingly valuable skill. |
C.That way you get it done before distractions build up. |
D.But the secret to success is the opposite of multitasking. |
E.Without smartphones, you fall into deep work more easily. |
F.It also enables you to produce to the best of your ability and acquire new skills quickly. |
G.It differs from shallow work, which consists of simple tasks performed while distracted. |
4 . The following jobs are expected to be in high demand in 2023. Clicking on the “Find jobs” link will take you to the list of current job postings and help you make career choices.
Nurse Practitioner
Average hourly wage: $56. 00
Nurse practitioners can perform many of the tasks that doctors do, such as creating treatment plans for patients and managing medical records. The big difference is that nurse practitioners cannot prescribe medications in most states. To become a nurse practitioner, you will need a graduate degree in nursing along with the appropriate licenses for the states in which you work.
Data Scientist
Average hourly wage: $52. 00
From car rental companies to telecommunication businesses, data scientists analyze the information to figure out the best ways for their businesses to be more successful. The job duties include identifying what types of business and customer data are worth gathering, then checking whether the information is accurate. It’s a big job that generally requires eight working hours a day and professional skills in mathematics.
Web Developer
Average hourly wage: $38. 00
Most people rely on the Internet to stay informed and connected with our communities. Web developers make sure those sites function properly while also updating them to include new functions that make them easier to use. Most of the work can be done remotely, which is favored by young people.
Choreographer(编舞师)
Average hourly wage: $20. 00
Maybe it’s the popularity of viral dance videos on TikTok that brings about the increasing demand in recent years. In addition to instructing trainees and performing on the stage and in the film, they work on smaller events such as weddings and other family gatherings. No degree is necessary to work in this field, but you will need some training and rhythm.
1. How much will a data scientist get per day on average?A.$52. | B.$56. | C.$416. | D.$448. |
A.Data scientist. | B.Web developer. |
C.Choreographer. | D.Nurse practitioner. |
A.They can earn at least $20 per hour. |
B.They need to get a degree before work. |
C.They make money by making dance videos. |
D.They are gaining popularity owing to social media. |
5 . When I turned twelve, I worked in summer at my father’s small brick cleaning business. I remember the harsh acid smell of the cleaning solution, the dim bulb light reflecting the busy figures and the scraping sound of stiff iron brushes against rough brick. It was tempting to have your job just finished. But anybody who worked for Thomas Kahoon had to meet his standards, and that included me. If I messed up, he made me stay late until I got it right. My father wasn’t being mean. He demanded the exact same of himself. Every brick he cleaned on the house stood out like a red jewel in a white setting. It was his signature.
In 1970, when I was twenty, I was to get married. I moved out of my parent’s modest place into a housing project. Drugs and gang violence were just beginning to damage the projects. Some of my friends went to jail. Some were killed. My wife Verllen, was 18, and nobody gave our marriage a chance. But we believed in each other. And our faith made us strong.
When we married, I worked as a stock clerk at Southwest Super Food. It was hard, tedious work. Each Friday night a truck came, with cases of food that had to be unloaded, priced and placed on shelves. Most of stock clerks try to get Friday night off. But I was always ready to work. By Saturday morning, all the cans and jars in my aisle were placed with a label facing smartly out, like a line of soldiers on review. That was my signature. I took pride in a job nobody wanted.
Years past since I established my belief in doing the job, influenced profoundly by my father’s persistence and standards. In my mind, it has become a tradition I hope this generation and the generations behind can keep to and follow.
1. What do we learn about the author’s father?A.He is a tough person. | B.He is quite mean to others. |
C.He is very demanding in his work. | D.He usually works very late. |
A.It was a promising industry. | B.It was bothered by drugs and gang violence. |
C.It enabled the author to get married. | D.It forced many people to go to prison. |
A.He was mainly responsible for unloading food. | B.He had to sign his name on every label. |
C.He had to endure the hardship and boredom. | D.He was required to work at Friday night. |
A.Persistence can be passed on to the next generation. |
B.Hardship can help develop a person’s patience. |
C.Demanding jobs are hard to address for a beginner. |
D.Strong will must be cultivated in the harsh working environment. |
6 . Your colleague is the first one in and the last one to leave. They volunteer to take on every additional task that comes your team’s way and they respond to emails within minutes. They’re working all the time, whether from the office or from home.
Dealing with a workaholic colleague can be challenging, but there are steps you can take to ease the negative effects of their behavior on yourself and your team.
Depersonalize their actions.
While it’s tempting to assume that your colleague is overworking in an attempt to outshine you, this is a classic example of a cognitive bias (偏差). In social psychology, this refers to the tendency humans have to owe another person’s actions to their character or personality, while crediting our own behavior to external or situational factors that are outside our control.
Resist peer pressure.
Workaholics tend to have few boundaries. You’ll need to play defense by managing their expectations around your response times and availability. Let’s say your colleague asks you to turn around a project brief in less than 24 hours. You can push back and explain, “That’s not possible. If you have this sort of task in the future, I’ll need at least a three day’s notice to work it into my schedule.” You might also advocate for better systems and processes that remove the need for excess effort.
Finally, remember to adjust your perspective on productivity. While it may be tempting to evaluate your daily success based on the number of hours you work, it’s the quality of work you deliver that matters most.
A.Set boundaries. |
B.Make lifestyle adjustments. |
C.In short, you’re dealing with a workaholic, or a work enthusiast. |
D.The workaholic’s behavior can affect our well-being for the worst. |
E.Being good at your job doesn’t mean working more but producing results. |
F.Guilt can make it easy for you to fall into the same patterns as your colleague. |
G.In other words, your colleague is probably not overworking to frighten or exceed you. |
Chinese netizens are passionately discussing the “Kong Yiji mindset,”
As The Paper, a Chinese media company based in Shanghai, writes, “Kong Yiji would rather steal than do
The related term, “Kong Yiji mindset,” refers to those who see Kong in
Some netizens are concerned that education itself may one day be seen as superfluous (多余的). “When we were young, we
In recent years, China has been pushing to expand vocational education as a means to solve the surplus of college graduates. However, the transition remains challenging as the prejudices
8 . “I was not exceptional at all,” Claudia Goldin once told me of her time as an economics PhD student at the University of Chicago. But as the course progressed, she said, “I felt like lightbulbs were going on in my head.” On October 9 the brightness of those lights was confirmed, as she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economics “for having advanced our understanding of women’s labour market outcomes”.
Goldin found men relatively dull, at least as a topic of study. Their labour was uniform compared to that of women, who might switch between caring for children, toiling (辛苦工作) in the family businesses or sweating somewhere else. But this complexity was harder to measure. According to America’s historical statistics, for example, their occupation was often unhelpfully listed as “wife”. So Goldin set out to measure their work properly.
The standard pattern of development was once that as countries got richer, women were pulled into the labour market. But by painstakingly stitching together different data sets, Goldin established that America’s path was more complicated, and that growth in the 1800s coincided with women moving away from work other than domestic labour.
Why? For a start, factory jobs were harder to combine with childcare than, say, sewing at home. And richer families could afford to spare women the indignity of toil. Goldin argued that stigma (污名) reinforced this, or the idea that “only a husband who is lazy and neglectful of his family would allow his wife to do such labour.” Later the stigma faded — the office clerk job of the 20th century was easier, and consistent with the impression of a supportive spouse. With the arrival of tight labour markets in the 1950s, discriminatory policies against hiring married women were virtually abandoned.
Today, women still work and earn less than men. As social norms have shifted and real barriers have fallen, Goldin says that most of the remaining gender gaps facing college-educated women are due to something else. So-called “greedy jobs” reward round-the-clock work and are conflicting with being on call for children. Perhaps men should also share the family burden and allow their partners to be more professionally involved instead.
1. How does Claudia Goldin find women’s domestic labour?A.Complicated to understand. | B.Tricky to assess. |
C.Less changeable than men’s work. | D.More valuable than men’s career. |
A.They took an active part in workforce. |
B.They were comfortable enough not to work. |
C.They stood a good chance in office jobs. |
D.They were still stuck in household chores. |
A.To explain the current gender gaps. |
B.To introduce the employee reward system. |
C.To call on men to stay at home. |
D.To expose the greedy nature of capitalists. |
A.Gender Pay Gap Research Wins the Nobel Prize in Economics |
B.How Goldin Transformed Our Understanding of Women’s Work |
C.Women’s Century-Long Journey Toward Equality |
D.Do Greedy Jobs Cause the Gender Pay Inequality |
If you have not heard of Yangshi Lei, the
All the above great cultural relics and popular tourist attractions have been included on UNESCO’s World Heritage List,
Yangshi
With so many architectural
1. What part of work does the speaker do on his own?
A.Writing dialogues. | B.Developing programs. | C.Listening to stories. |
A.A journalist. | B.A basketball player. | C.A violinist. |
A.Before hurting his hand. |
B.Before leaving university. |
C.While studying in a film school. |
A.Working in harmony. | B.Getting high salary. | C.Winning many prizes. |