1 . Two vaccines（疫苗）developed by a Maryland company are showing promise in the fight against malaria（疟疾）. One vaccine was 100 percent effective in preventing the deadly disease malaria.

Malaria is a disease caused by parasites（寄生虫）and carried by mosquitoes. Parasites are organisms that live on or in an organism of another species and feed off it or get protection from it. Mosquitoes spread the disease to people by biting on their skin. The World Health Organization says there are 214 million cases of malaria each year. And the deadly disease kills over 400,000 people a year worldwide. People who have malaria often have a fever, chills, and flu-like illness. Serious complications happen, including death, when the disease is left untreated.

The new vaccines work by preparing the immune system to fight the disease. Researchers do this by introducing live, but weakened, young parasites called sporozoites. They are injected into the body by infected mosquitoes. Both vaccines target Plasmodium Falciparum（恶性疟原虫），which is the most common and deadly form of the disease.

One successful trail was carried out in Germany. Different amounts of the vaccine were injected into 27 healthy people who volunteered for the study. Another group of 15 was given a placebo, which is a substance given to a patient like a drug, but t has no physical effect on the person. Eight to 10 weeks after the last vaccine amount, both groups were then exposed to the parasites that carried the malaria.

Stephen Hoffman is chief executive and scientific officer of Sanaria. He says the researchers were surprised by the results from nine of the people who received the highest vaccine amount. “We got 100% protection against malaria at ten weeks after the last amount of the vaccine. That is really beginning to look like something quite extraordinary and that's never been done before.”

1. What can we know about malaria?

A．It is a disease that can't be treated.

B．It kills people when left untreated.

C．It is a deadly disaster with a high death rate.

D．It is a flu-like disease caused by mosquitoes.

2. How do the new vaccines function to fight malaria?

A．By killing parasites in the mosquitoes.

B．By getting rid of most of the mosquitoes.

C．By injecting parasites into mosquitoes' body.

D．By restarting the immune system of people's body.

3. How does Stephen Hoffman think of the experiment effect of the vaccine?

A．Remarkable.

B．Unpredictable.

C．Unsatisfactory.

D．Unreasonable.

4. Which section of a magazine is the text probably from?

A．Science &technology.	B．Education.
C．Lifestyle.	D．Politics.

2 . Japan is known to have higher than average rates of stomach cancer. Recently, the town of Kaneyama in Yamagata Prefecture decided to get its 6, 000 residents (居民) tested.

However, the frozen urine samples (尿样) are not tested in conventional ways. Instead, Professor Masao Miyashita and his team are using them in a trial to determine if specially trained cancer-sniffing dogs can accurately detect the disease. Though the study is still in its early stages, Miyashita is thrilled with the results. He said, “In our research so far, cancer detection dogs have been able to find signs of cancer with an accuracy of nearly 100 percent.”

Researchers have known about the animals’ superior sensory skills for decades. However, their ability to detect cancer in humans came to light in 1989, after a dog sniffed out early-stage malignant melanoma (恶性黑色素瘤) on a patient’s leg in London. Since then, scientists from many countries have conducted studies to test dogs’ great skill at identifying cancer chemicals.

While most dogs can be trained for the task, researchers say the best candidates are dogs that are precise, quiet, and perhaps even a little shy. The training process is similar to how dogs are taught to learn any trick — by rewarding them with treats! However, it takes much longer because the dogs have to learn to separate the “cancer scent (气味)” from the thousands of organic compounds (有机化合物) in the human body. Researchers begin by exposing the dogs to urine samples from people with cancer, people with other diseases, and patients with no health issues, Once the dogs are able to accurately identify cancer, they are further trained to detect particular kinds of cancer.

Successful as they may be, experts think dogs are unlikely to replace conventional tests. For one, it takes about seven years and costs as much as $45,000 to train a single dog. Klaus Hackner, a researcher and physician who studies dogs detecting cancer in breath samples at Krems University Hospital in Austria, is also not convinced dogs can be relied upon alone. Patients, therefore, have to receive further tests to confirm if they have the disease.

1. What do we know about the cancer-sniffing dogs mentioned in Paragraph 2?

A．They have done a great job.

B．They are trained in a special way.

C．They can easily learn to distinguish cancer.

D．They can be seen in many Japanese hospitals.

2. What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 3?

A．Offer readers some advice.

B．Add some background information.

C．Summarize the previous paragraphs.

D．Introduce a new topic for discussion.

3. What kind of dog is suitable for the cancer-sniffing job?

A．Smart and brave.	B．Active and faithful.
C．Strong and patient.	D．Careful and peaceful.

4. What is Klaus Hackner’s opinion on cancer-sniffing dogs?

A．They should work as a team.

B．They need to receive more training.

C．They can replace doctors in detecting cancer.

D．They should be used together with traditional tests.

3 . Phototherapy （光线疗法）is a type of medical treatment that includes exposure to light bulbs or other sources of light to treat certain medical conditions. There are different types of phototherapy and various techniques.    1    

Phototherapy has been used to treat medical conditions since as far back as 3,500 years ago when the Egyptians and Indians used sunlight to treat skin conditions.    2     Widely regarded as the founder of modern phototherapy , he treated a skin condition called lupus vulgaris with sunlight and ultraviolet （紫外线）radiation. From then on, usage of phototherapy in medical fields grew, techniques were refined and developed, and it eventually gained widespread acceptance.

    3     This means it's not a permanent treatment and you may have to receive many follow-up treatments—also known as maintenance therapy—of it over your lifetime to maintain （维持）the results.

When used for skin conditions, phototherapy is generally considered safe.     4    Also there are some long-term side effects associated with it, the most serious of which are skin cancer and premature skin aging.

    5     However, you should consult with your doctor before you attempt to use it at home to ensure you're using it right, getting the most benefits with the least side effects.

A．phototherapy also has its limitations and shortcomings.

B．In this case, you are advised to stop using it immediately.

C．Phototherapy is a great choice for treating many conditions.

D．Which type to use depends on the condition that is being treated.

E．The effects of phototherapy for skin disorders are usually temporary.

F．However, short-term side effects are redness, dry skin and blisters （疱）.

G．Modern phototherapy, using artificial light sources, began with Niels Ryberg Finsen.

4 . One of the important, but seldom-discussed, problems in healthcare reform is how to take care of our aging population as people continue to live longer. According to a new study from the MacArthur Research Network on an Aging Society, by 2050 Americans may live 3.1 to 7. 9 years longer than the government expects. That would mean women would live 89 to 93 years and men 83 to nearly 86 years. The researchers base their conclusion on "rapid advances in biomedical（生物医药）technology that delay the start and progression of major deadly diseases or that slow the aging process・”

While this is good news, especially for the young, the life expectancy, which is in excess of（超过）the government's estimates, would raise costs sharply for Medicare and Social Security. If the study's predictions are accurate, the total cost for those two programs through 2050 could be between $ 3. 2 trillion and $ & 3 trillion higher than the US Census Bureau（人口普查局）and the Social Security Administration currently expect.

And that's only the beginning. With anticipated scientific breakthroughs in coming decades, people could eventually live to 150 years of age, says Dr. Steven Joyal, an official of the Life Extension Foundation (LEF) a nonprofit organization that promotes research on how we can live longer and healthier. The MacArthur paper, in fact, says that some experts believe the average life expectancy could hit 100 by 2060.

What's more, Joyal says, the conquest（战胜）of disease and the slowing of the aging process will lead to a sharp decline in disability, allowing people of advanced age to function as well as they did when they were much younger. "In other words, a 90-year-old person could have the same mental and physical capacity as somebody 40 or 50 years old."

1. What does the new study show?

A．Americans will live much longer by 2050 than they do now.

B．Great progress has been made in the US in public security.

C．Few people pay attention to the health care reform in the US.

D．Fewer Americans suffer from deadly disease now than before.

2. What probably helps American” live much longer?

A．Social security.

B．Biomedical technology.

C．Healthcare reform.

D．New research in health cam.

3. What problem may a longer life expectancy in the US lead to?

A．The aging process will speed up.

B．It adds to the chance of being disabled.

C．The old will have some mental problems.

D．It will increase public costs for the government.

4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A．Life for Senior Citizens in the US

B．The Longer Life Expectancy in the Future

C．The Disadvantage of Longer Life Expectancy

D．What Can Be Done to Support So Many Aged People

5 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

High quality technologies, strong teamwork and humanistic care have contributed to the successful treatment of a     1     (critical) ill COVID-19 patient at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University in Guangdong province.

The novel coronavirus patient survived after     2     world record 111 days on an extracorporeal membrane oxygenation machine（体外膜肺氧合机）. The patient,     3     also had relied on a respirator to breathe for over 150 days, was discharged from the hospital last Thursday.

Zhong Nanshan, a top respiratory disease expert and an academician at the Chinese Academy of Engineering, said many of his foreign counterparts said it was a     4     (medicine) "miracle" for a seriously ill COVID-19 patient to recover after being on an ECMO for 111 days.

Zhong said they never gave up on the man, "As long as there is a glimmer of hope we do it     5    all costs," Zhong said.

ECMO is a machine     6     (use) to replace heart and lung function in open-heart surgery. In simple     7     (word), it allows the heart and lungs to rest, by pumping and oxygenating a patient's blood outside the body.

The patient, who was transferred to the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from another local hospital on Feb 4,     8     (send) to the intensive care unit and connected to the ECMO on Feb 9 when his condition     9     (worse). In addition to providing medication, the medical staff took turns caring for and looking after him in the ward.

Liu Xiaoqing, director of the hospital's intensive care medicine unit, said     10     preserving life is the most basic requirement, medical staff also should have the patient's future in mind. "We should not only enable them to live, but also live with quality," she said.

6 . The secret of successful response

The novel coronavirus(新冠状病毒)is an uncommon threat. We don't know how bad it will be, nor do we know for how long it will spread. But we do know that it has already infected (感染) more than 18,000 people and killed many around the world. It also caused serious global economic damage. We need to adapt our responses to different countries and different parts of the same country in order to limit damage. Using data well is essential to such a successful response.

Data is key to all successful public health programs. In New York City, we raised tobacco taxes and made all indoor public places smoke free. Smoking rates declined at first but then the decline stopped. Because we had a tracking system in place, we realised that progress had stopped. So, we produced strong and direct no tobacco ads to the public. Our programs quickly reduced adult and teenager smoking, preventing more than 10,0000 deaths.

Every country facing the coronavirus disease needs to strengthen their data systems to track diseases, investigate skillfully and respond fast and successfully. Fast action will save lives and save money. But building the capacity to do this isn't free. It will cost about $1 to $2 per person per year for at least 10 years --- at least 30 billion. That's a lot of money for public health, but it's a tiny part of the amount lost when we don't know what we need to know about health threats.

Getting he data right is hardly quick and never easy, but it is always very important if we want to respond successfully, limit spread, and protect our communities and economy.

1. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

A．Novel coronavirus has killed people and damaged economy.

B．New York City succeeded in reducing smoking with data.

C．We need a lot of money to build the capacity of fast action.

D．Using data will cure people infected with novel coronavirus,

2. Why does the author talk about smoking in paragraph 2?

A．To warn us that smoking is harmful.

B．To suggest us how to reduce smoking.

C．To show the significant role of data.

D．To protect people's physical health.

3. What is the author's opinion on the building of the capacity of fast response?

A．It is too expensive and many countries cannot afford it.

B．It is worthwhile and necessary to develop such a capacity.

C．It supports communities and saves lives and saves money.

D．It requires a tiny part of the amount lost by health threats.

4. What is the main idea of this passage?

A．The widespread of novel coronavirus has killed many people.

B．Using Data well is of vital importance to public health programs.

C．The importance of fighting against novel coronavirus.

D．The importance of raising tobacco taxes.

7 . Five Health Facts Your Doctor Wants You to Know

1. Cold weather makes you sick.

Myth! Germs (病菌) are the only thing that can make you sick. You can go out in the freezing cold with wet hair, and if there aren’t any germs around, you'll stay sniffle-free. But there is a correlation:    1    

2. You shouldn’t ice a burn.

Truth! Most skin damage from a burn comes from the inflammatory (发炎) response, and ice can damage cells and make it worse.     2     Then wash with mild soap and apply an antibiotic (抗生素) ointment.

3. Antiperspirants (止汗剂) cause cancer.

Myth! Antiperspirants temporarily keep sweat from escaping, and some scientists have suggested that letting it build up in the ducts could cause tumors(肿瘤).     3     And the largest study to date on the subject has found no link between cancer and antiperspirants.

4.    4    

Truth! A 2017 study found that when bystanders gave CPR to people in cardiac arrest (心脏停搏), survival rates were higher when they employed uninterrupted chest compressions rather than pausing for rescue breaths.

5. Eating too much sugar will give you diabetes.

Myth! Sweet foods don’t directly lead to chronically (慢性地) high blood sugar. But they can contribute to obesity, which is a risk factor for diabetes.     5    

A．Germs are active if you have a cold.

B．But research hasn’t confirmed that theory.

C．CPR doesn’t require mouth-to-mouth breathing.

D．Therefore, it’s inappropriate to deal with the burn with ice.

E．Instead, first immerse the burn in cool water for about five minutes.

F．So keeping a well-balanced diet and limiting treats is still the right idea.

G．The germs that cause the common cold grow energetically in low temperatures.

8 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

New parents who clean their homes very often    1    （protect）their babies from bacteria and other organisms might want to cut back their efforts.

A new study suggests that high levels of contact with cleaning products are linked to    2    increased risk of the childhood breathing condition    3    （know）as asthma（哮喘）.

    4    （researcher）asked a group of parents how often they used 26 common household cleaners during their babies’ first three to four months of life. By age three, the children who    5    （come）in contact with cleaning products the most were 37 percent more likely to have asthma than children with the    6    （little）contact.

The study also found that a lot of exposure to cleaning products caused children to be 35 percent more likely to have much difficulty    7    （breathe）.In addition, they were 49 percent more likely to have certain allergies.

The leading researcher Tim Takaro told the Reuters news service he understands that parents want to make their homes safe    8    their children. He said parents should read labels and look for products that are free of substances（物质）like    9    （chemistry）colors and smells. Also, they should consider natural cleaning products instead of harmful    10    

9 . For the first time, the World Health Organization has included Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in its globally influential medical compendium(手册), according to an international science journal.

An article published by Nature on Wednesday said that TCM will be included in the latest version of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)set to be released next year. Starting from the 1800s, the ICD has been improved and published in a series of editions,reflecting the advances in health and medical science over time. It serves as the foundation for the identification of global health trends, and the international standard for diseases and health conditions.

The latest ICD is based largely on the work of the International Classification of Traditional Medicine   (ICTM) project's experts from around the world. These experts had been working on traditional medicine research and practices for years.

China has been promoting the modernization of TCM and pushing for TCM to gain acceptance worldwide. Tu Youyou, a Chinese expert focusing on the scientific study of drugs and medicines, was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 2015 for her research in TCM. Her discovery has saved millions of lives in developing countries in South Asia, Africa and South America. TCM is sure to grow in popularity globally.

Though the application of traditional Chinese medicine, acupuncture(针灸) and other traditional medical practices has been on the rise, there's still a shortage of global classification and terminology(术语) tools for traditional medicine, according to officials of the WHO.

“The decision is to promote the safe and effective use of traditional medicine by regulating, researching and combining traditional medicine products, practitioners and practice into health systems, where appropriate," the WHO was quoted as saying by Nature.

1. What can we learn about the ICD from Paragraph 2?

A．It has included TCM this year.

B．It has a history of over 300 years.

C．It is published in various languages.

D．It provides standards for diseases worldwide.

2. Why does the author mention Tu Youyou in Paragraph 4?

A．To imply the worldwide popularity of TCM.

B．To prove TCM's gaining worldwide acceptance

C．To introduce a breakthrough in the medical field.

D．To show Chinese people deserve the Nobel Prize for their contribution.

3. Which aspect of TCM has shown an upward trend worldwide?

A．The classification of TCM.

B．The standard of TCM terms.

C．The official promotion of TCM.

D．The use of traditional Chinese medicine

4. Which column of website is the text most probably taken from?

A．Lifestyle.	B．Opinion
C．Health.	D．Tech

10 . I was diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes(糖尿病) in 2017. And then I was told that I couldn’t ___for a few weeks until my blood sugar levels had _______.

Driving was a _______very soon after diagnosis for me. I needed to get to the chemist’s shop for my diabetes _______and to hospital appointments, but initially couldn’t ---- having been told not to drive. I didn’t want to be a ______ -----having to ask for lifts all the time.

I found it really ______ to be unable to drive, but things settled down after that and seemed to be_______ -----for a while.______, to my surprise, I had a severe hypoglycemia(低血糖) last year and wasn’t able to _______it myself. I called an ambulance and was taken to ______, where I saw doctors and nurses I didn’t ______as none of them were connected to the diabetes team who usually cared for me. That’s where my _______began----- they advised me not to drive on the basis of this ______. They told me to call the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency(DVLA) and _______what they’d told me to them. This _______my license being withdrawn.

I couldn’t ______ all that had happened---- it seemed ______. I needed answers and ______, so I phoned the Diabetes UK Helpline number I got from their website. They ______ I was right in thinking that the DVLA shouldn’t have ______ my license based on this hypoglycemia, according to the law. With their help, the DVLA sent me a letter admitting making a mistake. I got it back in six weeks.

1.

A．walk

B．speak

C．drive

D．ride

2.

A．settled

B．increased

C．worsened

D．changed

3.

A．task

B．concern

C．habit

D．relief

4.

A．report

B．bill

C．picture

D．medicine

5.

A．witness

B．burden

C．mistake

D．success

6.

A．hard

B．convenient

C．safe

D．funny

7.

A．worrying

B．trouble

C．amazing

D．fine

8.

A．Thus

B．Meanwhile

C．However

D．Instead

9.

A．record

B．describe

C．examine

D．manage

10.

A．hospital

B．school

C．office

D．factory

11.

A．assist

B．interview

C．know

D．study

12.

A．symptoms

B．problems

C．dreams

D．experiments

13.

A．disease

B．status

C．law

D．discussion

14.

A．explain

B．return

C．suggest

D．repeat

15.

A．relied on

B．resulted in

C．stuck to

D．took the place of

16.

A．forget

B．regret

C．believe

D．remember

17.

A．unafraid

B．unfair

C．unsure

D．unhealthy

18.

A．blood

B．money

C．evidence

D．help

19.

A．predicted

B．wondered

C．confirmed

D．imagined

20.

A．cancelled

B．used

C．borrowed

D．copied