1 . Shenzhen in Guangdong province has become the first city in China to allow specialist nurses to prescribe (开药方) selected drugs and order tests, in a move that is expected to increase efficiencies in the healthcare system and reduce the patient-load burden on physicians.
Under a new rule in October that took effect in January, eligible nurses will be permitted to order examinations, treatments considering their expert skills and knowledge of specialist nursing or community healthcare. Their prescriptions must be based on existing diagnoses (诊断) made by physicians.
To become a nursing specialist, applicants should have a bachelor’s degree in nursing, five years of working experience, obtained an advanced nursing qualification and have attended a months-long specialist training program and passed a final test.
“Medical institutions must review inappropriate prescriptions given by nurses,” said the regulation. “Nursing specialists who are found to have given three or more improper prescriptions will have their prescribing power stopped for three to six months and will have to undergo retraining before regaining the authorization,” it added.
“Considering the difference in professional positioning, medical education background and work experience between physicians and nurses, it is necessary to fully analyze the necessity and practicability of the nurses’ prescriptive authority,” the commission said.
Zhou Wensi has a bachelor’s degree in nursing and is now a specialist nurse in periodontitis (牙周炎) , or gum disease, at Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital in the city’s Pingshan district.
“Our hospital has not begun allowing us to prescribe. If the rule goes into effect in the future, we’ll likely be able to directly prescribe mouthwash, anti-inflammatory drugs and painkillers to patients,” she said.
However, she also noted that most patients visiting the hospital are in need of treatment delivered by doctors with assistance from nurses like her, so the new regulation is not expected to have a major impact.
1. Why does Shenzhen give permission for specialist nurses’ special rights?| A．To improve the overall ability of the specialist nurses. |
| B．To speed up the development of the healthcare system. |
| C．To enhance the work efficiency and lighten doctors’ load. |
| D．To respond to the demands of doctors, nurses and patients. |
| A．well-recognized | B．Qualified | C．flexible | D．hard-working |
| A．A specialist nurse should follow the rules strictly. |
| B．No institutions take charge of the prescriptions . |
| C．Not all specialist nurses can prescribe drugs freely . |
| D．A specialist nurse always has the prescribing power. |
| A．Doubtful. | B．Indifferent. | C．Neutral. | D．Hopeful. |
2 . When Arvin Kuipers, who graduated from Beijing University of Chinese Medicine in 2017 and loves Chinese culture, asks his patients to stick out their tongue so he can diagnose(诊断) their illness, many are confused.
Kuipers, 30, practicing Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in Amsterdam in the Netherlands, said, “In TCM I need to do face and tongue diagnosis. That’s strange for people in my country.” One elderly woman had been visiting him occasionally for advice, but her first experience with TCM surprised her. She had never experienced acupuncture (针灸) or any other TCM treatment. “She came in, and I examined her face and tongue,” said Kuipers. “I told the patient her kidneys were not doing well and that she wasn’t getting proper sleep.” The woman was shocked by his insight and asked if he had been spying on her. “Actually, it was easy to diagnose her condition when I saw the dark rings under her eyes. Her energy levels were also very low at the time.”
Kuipers opened his TCM clinic in September. Most of his work involves performing acupuncture, cupping as well as tuina — a TCM massage that patients in the West like the most, he said. In some cases he also gave his patients traditional herbal medicines.
Kuipers usually makes a cup of Chinese tea to calm his patients if they are nervous about the acupuncture needles. He also explains to them the meridian (经络) system, which is a central concept of TCM, yin and yang, and other concepts. “In TCM, good health requires balanced yin and yang, so practitioners not only pay attention to a patient’s illness, but also to his or her overall physical condition,” said Kuipers. “TCM is also a different culture and offers a new perspective, instead of being a curing method.”
As of early April, Kuipers has treated more than 200 patients, many of whom come to his clinic every week. “TCM does work, and works well. My patients really feel better with it, so I value it, and when my patients feel better I also feel better.”
1. What can we learn from the elderly woman’s story in paragraph 2?| A．The elderly woman trusted TCM treatment in the beginning. |
| B．TCM is very different from the treatment in her country. |
| C．The elderly woman used to visit Kuipers a lot for TCM. |
| D．The elderly woman was shocked at her kidney s not doing well |
| A．Tuina. | B．Acupuncture. | C．Cupping. | D．Herbal medicines. |
| A．Why Kuipers’ patients are fond of Chinese tea. |
| B．How Kuipers explains meridian system to his patients. |
| C．How Kuipers applies Chinese culture and treatments to patients. |
| D．Why Kuipers pays little attention to overall physical condition. |
| A．To praise Kuipers for his TCM treatments. |
| B．To stress the value of teaching foreigners TCM. |
| C．To show the popularity of TCM with patients in the Netherlands. |
| D．To tell the story of Kuipers practising TCM in the Netherlands. |
3 . We all know the saying, “Nobody is perfect.” It has been planted in our brains since we were children, and of course, it is the truth. So if nobody is perfect, why do we have such a hard time admitting when we are in trouble or need help?
Like many other young people trying to get through their first year of college, I felt anxiety, and it had its grips on me pretty tight. It began getting in the way of my life, and I had to sit down and tell myself that my behavior was not healthy and there was a solution. Finally, I decided to turn to therapy (精神疗法).
Therapy. It has such a negative stigma (污名), but why? Does going to therapy mean that you are failing as a person or that you cannot fix your problems on your own? No. Going to therapy means that you are strong enough to recognize that something inside your head is not working correctly, and you are brave enough to try to fix it.
After a couple of weeks, many parts of my life became so much clearer. I began to understand that I, myself, am my worst enemy, which was pretty frightening. But, although frightened, I knew that it was only I who could guide me towards feeling better, and that was extremely empowering.
I have been guided towards a healthier mindset, one that is positive and powerful. I have been able to understand that no matter what happens in my life. I will always be okay.
A lot of people do not understand that it is normal to have negative feelings and sometimes to feel like we have lost control over certain parts of our lives. Seeing a therapist can greatly change your way of thinking about something if you keep your mind open and I am so thankful that I decided to go and do something for myself.
If you are in need of help, you can go to therapy and then everything will be okay.
1. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 mean?| A．Anxiety greatly influenced the author. | B．Anxiety encouraged the author to change. |
| C．The author couldn’t deal with the college life. | D．The author had no idea what to do. |
| A．means you are failing as a person | B．you’re brave enough to solve your problems |
| C．can make others think wrongly about you | D．can be quite unnecessary and helpful |
| A．To tell us how to think positively. | B．To show it is OK to be imperfect. |
| C．To help us know better about therapy. | D．To share her college life with us. |
If you see someone collapse (失去意识), perhaps as a result of a heart attack, what can you do while you wait for an ambulance?
Chen Wenqiaochu set
On Aug 24, a joint guideline
Nowadays, many countries have attached importance
5 . Inside the white, bacteria-free walls of a new building on the southern outskirts of Beijing, two employees wearing masks and rubber gloves are busy injecting a clear, colorless liquid into rows of small bottles.
The 215,000 square feet production plant was built in recent months specifically for producing a Covid-19 vaccine (疫苗) developed by Chinese pharmaceutical company Sinovac Biotech.
CoronaVac, the vaccine candidate from Sinovac, is part of China’s push to be at the forefront of rolling out immunizations (免疫接种) against the deadly novel coronavirus.
The Nasdaq-listed biotech company began developing its vaccine in late January, less than a week after Wuhan—the original epicenter of China’s coronavirus outbreak—went into a strict lockdown.
By June, China had largely contained the coronavirus, dealing with only a small number of outbreaks. Those newly reported Covid-19 cases in China didn’t meet the necessary conditions for a Phase 3 trial, so Sinovac reached an agreement with Brazil—which ranks second in the world for infections, with more than 3.6 million reported cases.
In cooperating with the Butantan Institute in Sao Paulo, a Phase 3 study was launched in late July involving 9,000 volunteers, all health professionals who have worked with Covid-19 patients but haven’t been infected with the virus.
The tests are ongoing, but Dimas Covas, president of the Butantan Institute, said Wednesday primary data shows CoronaVac developed immunity in 97% of the people vaccinated after two doses—a level he said was “fundamental to break the chain of transmission of the coronavirus.”
1. From which of the following is the text probably taken?| A．A biology textbook. | B．A news report. |
| C．A book review. | D．A travel brochure. |
| A．Launching. | B．Distributing. |
| C．Guarding. | D．Burning. |
| A．China’s successful lockdown in Wuhan. |
| B．A sufficient number of infected patients. |
| C．All health professionals and volunteers. |
| D．The Nasdaq-listed biotech company. |
| A．Forefront: China’s push to develop a coronavirus vaccine. |
| B．Lockdown: China’s successful move to contain the outbreaks. |
| C．Infection: Brazil’s ranking second to surprise the world. |
| D．Immunity: Brazil’s effort to break the chain of transmission. |
6 . Here’s an idea whose time has come: A flu shot that doesn’t require an actual shot.
For the first time, researchers have tested a flu vaccine patch (疫苗贴) in a human clinical experiment and found that it delivered as much protection as a traditional injection with a needle. Doctors and public health experts have high hopes that it will increase the number of people who get immunized (免疫的) against the flu.
Seasonal flu is responsible for up to half a million deaths around the world each year according to the World Health Organization. A team led by Georgia Tech engineer Mark Prausnitz has come up with an alternative method that uses “microneedles”. These tiny needles are so small that 100 of them, arranged in order on a patch, can fit under your thumb (拇指). Yet they’re big enough to hold vaccine for three types of flu.
None of the study volunteers had serious side effects. The groups that got patches had mild skin reactions that were not seen in the regular needle group, while the volunteers in the regular needle group were more likely to experience pain. Overall, 70 percent of the volunteers who got vaccine patches said they’d rather use them again than get a traditional flu shot. The study authors declared it a success on all fronts.
The biggest beneficiaries could be people in low- and middle-income countries, where flu vaccines are hard to come by. Reducing pain is nice, but other benefits—the patch costs less, is easier to transport, doesn’t require refrigeration, can be self-administered and doesn’t cause waste of needles—are even better.
“Microneedle Patches have the potential to become ideal candidates for vaccination programs,” wrote Katja Hoschler and Maria Zambon of Public Health England.
1. What is the passage mainly about?| A．A vaccine that cures people of their flu. |
| B．A team that does research on seasonal flu. |
| C．A patch that makes flu shots a thing of the past. |
| D．A method that makes traditional flu shot painless. |
| A．It causes slight side effects. |
| B．It causes serious skin reactions. |
| C．It delivers vaccine on the head. |
| D．It works badly on 30% of the volunteers. |
| A．it is provided free of charge |
| B．it can be used without doctors |
| C．it can be kept at room temperature |
| D．it needs less care in transportation |
| A．Cautious. | B．Favorable. |
| C．Unclear. | D．Disapproving. |
