1 . When patients are discharged (出院) from the hospital, effective summaries from doctors’ notes are essential to capture their health status in the medical record. Whereas, most are filled with technical languages that are hard to understand and increase patients’ anxiety.

To address the problem, researchers from New York University (NYU) Langone Health have been testing the capabilities of generative artificial intelligence (AI). It tries to develop likely options for the next word in any sentence based on how most people use words in context on the Internet.

NYU Langone Health received access to the latest tool from a famous tech company to explore generative AI. One of the studies by the researchers published in JAMA Network Open, looked at how well the tool could convert (转换) the text in 50 patient discharge notes into patient-friendly language. Specifically, generative AI made the discharge notes drop from 11th-grade reading level on average to a 6th-grade level.

Two physicians were asked to review the AI discharge summary based on a 6th-grade level. The reviewing physicians awarded 54 percent of the AI-generated discharge notes the best-possible accuracy rating. They also found that 56 percent of notes created by AI were entirely complete. The result signified that even at the current performance level, providers of discharge notes would not have to make a single change in more than half of the AI summaries reviewed.

“That more than half of the AI reports generated are accurate and complete is an amazing start,” said Jonah Zaretsky, associate chief of medicine at NYU Langone Hospital — Brooklyn. “Even at the current level of performance, which we expect to improve shortly, the achievement of the AI tool suggests that it can be taught to recognize subtleties (微妙之处).”

Within the following years, the team expects to launch a pilot program to provide lay language discharge summaries that have been generated by AI and reviewed by physicians to patients on a larger scale.

1. What is generative AI used for by the researchers?

A．Submitting discharge summaries.	B．Accessing patients’ health status.
C．Making discharge notes clear to patients.	D．Offering technical languages to doctors.

2. What is generative AI’s function based on?

A．Probable predicting.	B．Actual thinking.
C．Free imagining.	D．Strict instructing.

3. Why were the two physicians asked to review the AI discharge summaries?

A．To correct their mistakes.	B．To measure their accuracy.
C．To compete with the AI tool.	D．To make up the missing parts.

4. How did Jonah Zaretsky find the performance of AI in dealing with discharge summaries?

A．Misleading.

B．Dismissive.

C．Challenging.

D．Promising.

2 . I was shocked to see my baby Dani with a cleft(唇裂) at his birth. After the delivery, I wasn’t _______ to see my baby. All I could do was to ask for information about Dani. Dani had his surgery on the seventh day! It was a terrible experience. I buried myself in great _______.

Things _______ when I met Dr. Anastassov, who brought Smile Train—sponsored cleft care to Bulgaria. Dr. Anastassov was my _______ from the moment we met. He helped me build the confidence in Dani’s _______. At six, Dani finished his speech therapy(矫治) and could speak as _______ as everyone else.

Dani wanted to be a _______. When he began his formal training, the medical exam was very _______ for him. They knew he was different, even if they couldn’t immediately tell how. So they worked him harder than the others. But Dani showed great _______ and passed. He is now ________ his dream as a pilot!

Being Dani’s mother is a(n) ________. He has been so successful because we ________ him to understand that people with clefts should not be ________, because they can do anything.

Now I ________ Smile Train to help those like my son. I ________ my experience with them. I’m happy to work here and make change for the better every day.

1.

A．persuaded

B．invited

C．allowed

D．forced

2.

A．relief

B．pain

C．security

D．loneliness

3.

A．changed

B．continued

C．worsened

D．mattered

4.

A．challenge

B．choice

C．evidence

D．inspiration

5.

A．attitude

B．gift

C．recovery

D．virtue

6.

A．loudly

B．firmly

C．clearly

D．gently

7.

A．pilot

B．trainer

C．doctor

D．spaceman

8.

A．valuable

B．difficult

C．interesting

D．practical

9.

A．excitement

B．difference

C．contribution

D．strength

10.

A．living

B．spreading

C．breaking

D．discovering

11.

A．chance

B．fact

C．mission

D．honor

12.

A．promised

B．raised

C．ordered

D．begged

13.

A．pitied

B．supported

C．compared

D．controlled

14.

A．set up

B．work with

C．turn to

D．care about

15.

A．replace

B．draft

C．confirm

D．share

5 . When I turned 12, I started hiding how I looked with jackets and oversized T-shirts for fear of comments about my body. I wouldn’t talk about things I loved because I was afraid that people would think I was odd for liking them or that I was talking too much.

At the age of 14, I’d had what I now know were panic attacks over grades in the middle of the hallways in school, or in loud, crowded queues in theme parks. This led to some long talks with my parents and failed meetings with my school advisors, And I eventually decided it was time for me to try mental therapy (治疗).

I still remember going to my first therapy session,almost four years ago. Before I went to it, I feared it’d be scary, but I was wrong. The first few sessions were just used for the two of us to get to know each other. The following few sessions were used for me to figure out why I was there. I tested fairly high on the anxiety scale.and ever since then I’ve kept going there. Two years later, I started going there every two weeks rather than every week. My anxiety levels have gone up and down because of exams, issues with friends and just plain old bad days. For now though,they seem to remain stable for the most part.

To this day, I still think that going to therapy was one of the best decisions I’ve made so far in life. From the first session that I attended to the last one I went to, I’ve learned so many life skills and coping strategies that I use at least once a week.

I’ve always said to my friends and family that they should try therapy if it’s necessary. For people suffering panic attacks, going to therapy means talking to someone who you know won’t judge you about anything, who won’t tell anyone about what you say or how you feel, and who helps you understand yourself and your life.

1. What was the author’s problem when she was 12?

A．She had a poor relationship with classmates.

B．She had a strange dressing style.

C．She would run into anxiety easily.

D．She iost interest in studying.

2. What’s the probable result of the author’s talking to her parents and school advisors?

A．They helped find the cause of her panic attacks.

B．They failed to help her get out of her trouble.

C．They strongly advised her to see a doctor.

D．They lost patience with her.

3. What can we know about the author’s therapy according to Paragragh 3?

A．It had negative side effects on the author.

B．It was effective in helping keep his anxiety scales steady.

C．It strengthened the author’s confidence quickly.

D．It offered solutions to problems of school and friendship.

4. Why does the author most probably share her experience in the text?

A． To teach us to better,understand ourselves.

B．To give tips on ways to overcome anxiety.

C．To explain the working process of mental therapy.

D．To encourage readers to accept therapy if necessary.

7 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Bacteriophages (phages) and other mobile genetic elements (MGEs) exert an immense selective pressure on     1    (bacterium), which in response have developed a broad arsenal of defence mechanisms.     2     these, CRISPR–Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats–CRISPR-associated proteins) is a group of widespread RNA-guided adaptive immune systems that are classified into two broad classes, six types and numerous subtypes according to their genetic composition and interference mechanism1. The CRISPR–Cas immune response starts with the    3    (acquire) of short DNA fragments (protospacers) from invading MGEs. The protospacers are inserted as spacers between repeats in the CRISPR array to create a memory of the infection. Next, the CRISPR array is expressed    4     a long transcript that is processed into small, mature CRISPR RNAs (crRNAs), each    5    (carry) a spacer sequence flanked by part of the repeat. Finally, the interference complexes, composed     6     a crRNA and one (class 2) or more (class 1) Cas proteins, degrade the complementary nucleic-acid targets that are often found next to a short protospacer-adjacent motif (PAM). The specificity and programmability of the CRISPR–Cas machinery     7    (lead) to the development of various biotechnological applications in genome editing, molecular diagnostics and more.

In the evolutionary arms race with CRISPR–Cas, phages and other MGEs have evolved diverse strategies to block or circumvent immunity. One widespread evasion mechanism uses protein-    8    (base) CRISPR–Cas inhibitors called anti-CRISPRs (Acrs). So far, more than 100 Acr protein families have been identified    9     inhibit different stages of the CRISPR–Cas immune response, mainly by interacting directly with Cas proteins. For example, Acrs prevent crRNA loading, effector-complex formation, and target DNA binding and cleavage. Notably, the discovery of these natural ‘off switches’ has presented new opportunities    10    (control) the activity of CRISPR–Cas technologies.

8 . Be it the flu or the coronavirus (冠状病毒), we can all take one basic step to keep ourselves healthy--wash our hands regularly. But how _________ would you be to know that the practice of handwashing was not always around? We can thank a_________   for this important practice: physician Ignaz Semmelweis.

It was 1846     _________   no one knew germs (病菌) existed. Semmelweis worked at the Vienna General Hospital _________ two parts.The hospital’s ward was so large that doctors and midwives (助产士) divided it in half. At the time, there was a major_________ in the ward.   Many of the patients contracted (感染) childbed fever, a   _________   disease, after giving birth.

While looking after the women, Semmelweis noticed something___________   The women in the doctors’ ward were more likely to catch the fever than the women__________   by the midwives. Semmelweis also knew that the doctors worked in the ward before operating_________ the women. Semmelweis came up with a theory: the doctors__________ the women with dirty particles (微粒) from dead bodies! To test his theory, he _________ doctors to wash their hands with chlorine (氯) before going to the ward.   The rate of death _________ significantly.

________ , the practice of washing hands did not become widespread.   Semmelweis’ theory could not explain why women who gave birth outside of hospitals still contracted childbed fever. Many doctors _________   to believe that they were “responsible” for the disease. As a result, the medical community cast doubt on the practice of washing hands.

Handwashing was finally officially adopted in the 1980s by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. They_________   handwashing as an important factor in preventing the spread of infections. Despite this, handwashing is only performed one-third to half as often as it should be.

1.

A．surprised

B．thrilled

C．embarrassed

D．disappointed

2.

A．volunteer

B．nurse

C．sponsor

D．pioneer

3.

A．that

B．when

C．which

D．where

4.

A．were comprised of

B．made up

C．consisted of

D．composed of

5.

A．magic

B．concern

C．tale

D．secret

6.

A．deadly

B．dead

C．deathly

D．dying

7.

A．appealing

B．practical

C．odd

D．different

8.

A．tended to

B．taken care

C．calmed down

D．worried about

9.

A．with

B．at

C．on

D．in

10.

A．treated

B．harmed

C．affected

D．infected

11.

A．demanded

B．commanded

C．expected

D．recommended

12.

A．leapt

B．changed

C．declined

D．ranged

13.

A．Otherwise

B．Instead

C．Therefore

D．Nevertheless

14.

A．unwilling

B．refused

C．ashamed

D．pretended

15.

A．referred

B．thought

C．identified

D．looked