1 . It can be truly terrifying to fall through ice on a frozen lake, but if you remain calm, it can save your life. Most people don’t realize that you have more time than you think. This is due to the concept of body temperature and how your body deals with the shocking cold that immediately surrounds the body.
As you first hit the freezing water, you will almost immediately breathe quickly. It is important that you remember to get control of your breathing and not to move around. It can help to remember the “1-10-1 principle”. This means that it takes about one minute to gain control of your breathing, and then you have 10 minutes to move before you get too cold. The final one is to remind you that it will take one hour before you become unconscious.
Take that first minute and fully focus on your breathing. Slow it down, and then look around to see if you can locate the thickest area of ice. When you locate the ice, stretch your arms over the surface, and then begin to do flutter-kick(上下打水) until your body becomes horizontal with the surface. Kick hard and use your arms and hands to climb out of the water.
It is possible that you can live for several hours after passing out if you can get out of the frigid water. This, however, does require some planning. You only have about 10 minutes after falling in before your muscles and nerves become too cold to work. If you feel too weak to get out, place your arms over the surface of the ice and just remain still. The point is to encourage your coat to freeze to the ice, so that if you lose consciousness(意识) you will keep your head out of ice. Additionally, you will remain visible for rescue, even if you pass out.
1. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 refer to?
| A．Keeping clam. |
| B．Having enough time. |
| C．Pushing through ice. |
| D．Dealing with the cold. |
2. What is people’s first reaction when falling through ice?
| A．Moving around. |
| B．Calling for help. |
| C．Breathing rapidly. |
| D．Holding their breath. |
3. What is the third paragraph mainly about?
| A．How to use the first minute. |
| B．How to locate the thickest ice. |
| C．How to control the floating ice. |
| D．How to pull yourself onto the ice. |
4. What advice does the author give in the last paragraph?
| A．Take off your coat. |
| B．Do some workouts. |
| C．Keep your head above water. |
| D．Relax your muscles and nerves. |
5. What is the text mainly about?
| A．1-10-1 principle. |
| B．Hitting the freezing water. |
| C．Floating over the icy water. |
| D．Surviving falling through ice. |
