1 . Sam is a fourth-year student at Harvard Medical School，but poetry is still a big part of his life，now with a new teacher，Rafael Campo，who believes poetry can benefit every doctor’s education and work. Rafael is a physician，professor and a highly respected poet.

“Poetry is in every encounter(邂逅)with my patients. I think healing is really in a very great way about poetry. And if we do anything when we’re with our patients，we’re really immersing(使沉浸于)ourselves in their stories，really hearing their voices. And，certainly，that’s what a poem does，”he said.

Rafael worries that something important has been lost in medicine and medical education today：humanity，which he finds in poetry. To end that，he leads a weekly reading and writing workshop for medical students and residents(住院医生).

He thinks medical training focuses too much on distancing the doctor from his or her patients，and poems can help close that gap.

Third-year resident Andrea Schwartz was one of the workshop regulars. She said. “I think there’s no other profession other than medicine that produces as many writers as it does. And I think that is because there’s just so much power in doctors and patients interacting when patients are at their saddest. ”Not everyone believes that’s what doctors should do，though.

Rafael said，“I was afraid of how people might judge me，actually. In the medical profession，as many people know，we must always put the emergency first. But，you know，that kind of treatment，if it’s happening in the hospital，very regrettably，sadly，results in a bad outcome. The family is sitting by the bedside. The patient hasn’t survived the cancer. Don’t we still have a role as healers there?”

In a poem titled“Health”，Rafael writes of the wish to live forever in a world made painless by our incurable joy. He says he will continue teaching students，helping patients and writing poems，his own brand of medicine.

1. What do we know about Rafael Campo?

A．He works as a doctor.	B．He is under medical care.
C．He is a literature professor.	D．He knows little about poetry.

2. What does the author try to show in Paragraph 2 ?

A．The importance of medical training.

B．The effect of poetry in medical treatment.

C．The similarity involved in poetry and medical work.

D．The present relationship between patients and doctors.

3. What does Andrea Schwaflz think of poetry?

A．It comforts patients’family.

B．It contributes to medical work.

C．It has nothing to do with doctors.

D．It keeps doctors away from patients.

4. What is Rafael Campo’s view on poetry?

A．It requires a lot of spare time.

B．It can provide a useful tool for doctors.

C．It has little effect on patients’conditions.

D．It should be included in emergency treatments.

2 . Everyone knows that death is natural, but do you have any idea of the process of dying? Modern scientists divide the process of dying into two periods—clinical or temporary death and biological death. Clinical death occurs when the important organs, such as the heart or lungs, have stopped to function, but have not suffered permanent damage. The organism (有机体) can still be revived. Biological death occurs when changes in the organism lead to the “breaking up” of important cells and tissues. Death is then unchangeable.

Scientists have been seeking a way to lengthen the period of clinical death so that the organism can remain alive before biological death occurs. The best method developed so far involves cooling of the organism, combined with narcotic (麻醉的) sleep. By slowing down the body’s metabolism (新陈代谢), cooling delays the processes leading to biological death.

To illustrate how this works, scientists performed an experiment on a six-year-old female monkey called Keta. The scientist put Keta to sleep with a narcotic. Then they surrounded her body with ice-bags and began checking her body temperature. When it had dropped to 28 degrees the scientists began draining blood from an artery (动脉). The monkey’s blood pressure decreased and an hour later both the heart and breathing stopped: clinical death set in. For twenty minutes Keta remained in this state. Her temperature dropped to 22 degrees. At this point the scientists pumped blood into an artery in the direction of the heart and started artificial breathing. After two minutes Keta’s heart became active once more. After fifteen minutes, spontaneous (自发的) breathing began, and after four hours Keta opened her eyes and lifted her head. After six hours, when the scientists tried to give her a penicillin injection, Keta seized the syringe (注射器) and ran with it around the room. It showed that Keta had nothing different from any other healthy animal.

1. For a person who suffers from the clinical death, _________.

A．he can’t avoid final death

B．he is still very much alive

C．his most important organs are damaged

D．he still has the possibility of getting back to life

2. Scientists try to make the time of clinical death longer in order to ________.

A．cool the organism

B．slow down the body’s metabolism

C．delay the coming of biological death

D．bring important cells and tissues back to active life

3. How did the scientists put Keta into clinical death?

A．By surrounding her body with ice-bags and draining her blood.

B．By lowing her blood pressure and stopping her heart from beating.

C．By putting her to sleep, lowering her temperature and draining her blood.

D．By draining her blood, lowering her blood pressure and stopping her breathing.

4. Which of the following indicates that Keta is a healthy animal after the experiment?

A．Her heart beat again.

B．She seized the syringe and ran away with it.

C．She regained her normal breath.

D．She opened her eyes and lifted her head.

3 . As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease — especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors, such as poor eating habits, smoking, and failure to exercise. The line of thought involved in this shift can be pursued further. Imagine a person who is about the right weight, but does not eat very nutritious foods, who feels OK but exercises only occasionally, and who has no chest pains or abnormal blood counts, but sleeps a lot and often feels tired. This person is not ill. He may not even be at risk for any particular disease. But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier.

The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely “not ill” and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body’s special needs. Both types have simply been called “well”. In recent years, however, some health specialists have begun to apply the terms “well” and “wellness” only to those who are actively attempting to maintain and improve their health. People who are well are concerned with nutrition and exercise, and they make a point of monitoring their body’s condition. Most importantly, perhaps, people who are well take active responsibility for all matters related to their health. Even people who have a physical disease or handicap (缺陷) may be “well”. In this new sense, if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health, they can in the face of their physical limitations. “Wellness” may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve, but as an ideal that people can struggle for. People who are well are likely to be better able to resist disease and to fight disease when it strikes. And by focusing attention on healthy ways of living, the concept of wellness can have a beneficial influence on the ways in which people face the challenges of daily life.

1. Today’s medical care is placing more stress on ________.

A．keeping people in a healthy physical condition

B．monitoring patients’ body functions

C．removing people’s bad living habits

D．ensuring people’s psychological well-being

2. According to the passage, the true meaning of the underlined word “wellness” is for people ________.

A．to best satisfy their body’s special needs

B．to strive to maintain the best possible health

C．to meet the strictest standards of bodily health

D．to keep a proper balance between work and leisure

3. According to what the author advocates (主张), which of the following groups of people would be considered healthy?

A．People who have strong muscles as well as slim figures.

B．People who are not presently experiencing any symptoms of disease.

C．People who try to be as healthy as possible, regardless of their limitations.

D．People who can recover from illness even without seeking medical care.

4 . Over a four-year period, Swiss researchers have developed a machine that can keep human livers (肝)alive outside of the body for one week.

Livers are among the most commonly transplanted (移植)human organs. Current technology can only keep human livers alive for up to 24 hours. It is reported that, in 2017, about 8.000 liver transplants were performed in the U.S., of which 360 used livers from living givers In addition, about 11,500 people were registered on a waiting list to receive a liver transplant. Keeping livers alive and functioning for longer periods could greatly improve the chances of survival for patients.

The researchers say the purpose of their “Liver4Life” machine is to perform what they call liver perfusion (灌注)operations outside of the human body. Perfusion is the process by which blood or other liquids are pumped through organs and tissue. The machine keeps the liver at the right temperature and moves it in a way that would be natural in the body. Using a pump to fill the liver with blood acting like a human heart, the machine also provides oxygen to the organ, controls red blood cell levels and removes waste.

The research team began their experiments with livers from pigs. After repeated testing and engineering development, they succeeded in getting the pig livers to survive for seven days with support only provided from the Liver4Life machine. They also discovered the system can work to repair damaged livers. The team is now planning its next step to transplant machine-treated organs into patients.

Pierre-Alain Clavien. leader of the research said in a statement. “This technology will greatly increase the number of livers available for transplant, improving the chances of survival for patients. The success of this unique machine opens the way for many new applications in transplantation and cancer medicine.”

1. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 2?

A．Introduce a brand new topic for discussion.

B．Provide some latest data about present liver transplants.

C．Show the urgency of tech improvement in liver transplants.

D．Remind readers concerned of the importance of a healthy liver.

2. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to?

A．The machine.	B．The liver.
C．The temperature.	D．The tissue.

3. What can we learn about the Liver4Life machine?

A．It is among the most commonly used machines for liver transplants.

B．It is aimed to carry out liver perfusion operations in the human body.

C．It can perform several functions to keep the liver working normally.

D．It can be used to keep the pig livers alive for more than one week.

4. Where is this text most likely from?

A．A biology textbook.	B．A first aid brochure.
C．A social web page.	D．A health magazine.

5 . Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Amid the outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia, almost everyone in China wears a face mask to protect themselves and other people     1     the virus. However, many people in the West feel reluctant to wear masks     2     there is an increasing number of their compatriots(同胞）being infected.

According to the Global Times, different attitudes toward     3     (wear) masks largely lie in the cultures. In the West,     4     people generally believe is that unless one is already ill, wearing a mask is simply unnecessary.

Siva Kumar from the US is one of them. “Masks can only protect you from particulate matter in the air you breathe, but they can't filter (过滤) out microbes (微生物), "Kumar told China Daily. “wearing a mask when you're healthy     5    (cause) tension for others."

US infection prevention specialist Eli Perencevich told Forbes, "The average healthy person     6     not wear masks." She added, “If they wear them incorrectly it can increase the risk of infection because they're touching their faces more often."

However, for people in Asian countries like China, wearing a mask is engrained (根深蒂固的) in their culture.     7     (Value) collectivism (集体主义), people in Asia always want to make contributions to the groups     8    they belong to. In such uncertain and potentially dangerous time, many people have taken the responsibility     9    (wear) face masks to ensure the safety of their communities.

Chen Xinjie, a media worker in Beijing said: "Wearing the mask for a long time is stuffy(闷热的) and uncomfortable…But as a member of the group, it's our duty to do so."

    10    (Influence) by social cultures, the attitudes toward wearing a mask can be different in the East and West. But as US essayist Ralph Waldo Emerson once said, “We must each respect others even as we respect ourselves."

6 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been around for generations and centuries. In the olden days, people had to use natural resources that they found    1    (cure) sickness and diseases. Technology wasn't as    2    (develop) as it is today. Therefore, natural remedies (疗法) are the trusted and    3    (rely) source of medication (药物).

Although the knowledge and education of TCM are declining, Chinese medicines are still around, and some remain the top few    4    (choice) of people till today. It    5    (say) that TCM goes to the root of the illness as compared to western medicine, where they medicate to relieve sickness and conditions instead. This contains the study of body energy,    6    refers to the yin and yang and aims to bring balance to the body's natural hormones.

In Singapore there’s no better place to find Chinese medicines    7    in Chinatown- a colorful and lively place, rich    8    Chinese culture and history. Today, locals and tourists visit Chinatown to immerse themselves in the Chinese culture.

Besides, to treat their health conditions, people,    9    (particular) the older generation, visit medical halls in Chinatown to buy Chinese medicines instead of    10    (visit) General Practitioners. Some of the halls are still around even after rapid changes and new developments in Singapore.

7 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

14 years ago, SARS broke out in the mainland of China, causing some people to be killed or nearly got close to     1     (die). The situation was so severe that there was no time to debate who is to blame. The most     2     (importance) thing for the government to do is to find out the cause of this     3     (dead) disease. They invited all the most famous experts in this field to discuss and quite a few suggestions were     4     (put) forward. Some of the top experts picked out those suggestions and tested them to see whether they were     5     (avail). Doctor Zhong chose one patient who was seriously ill and had little hope of picking     6     and had the new medicine     7     (test) on him. To his great joy, this patient recovered! He made his way     8     his office and telephoned to the top official,     9     (tell) him this exciting news. For     10    (convenient), he moved to live in his office. His method did make sense. Not soon after that, the other hospitals also controlled this terrible disease and kicked it out finally.

8 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Tu Youyou was honored with the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine on Oct. 5th, 2015. She was the first Chinese citizen     1    (earn) a Nobel Prize in science. Tu shared the prize with the Irish-born William Campbell and Satoshi Omura of Japan.

Tu is a researcher at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences now. She was given the prize     2     developing artemisinin（青蒿素）---     3     new drug method against malaria, with     4     millions of lives worldwide have been saved     5    (incredible).

Tu and her colleagues joined a government project to find a new malaria drug in the late 1960s.     6     nearly two hundred failures Tu's team experienced, they finally found an extract（提取物） that was 100% effective against malaria in 1971. In 2001, artemisinin     7    (make) the first choice in the treatment of malaria by the World Health Organization.

It was considered by some foreign scientists that     8     Tu discovered would definitely bring great reputation for herself. However, Tu said, "The discovery of artemisinin itself is a gift to human from traditional Chinese medicine. It's the     9    (achieve) of the research team. " As China Daily has reported,     10    (win) the prize is an honour for Chinese science and medicine.

9 . When you first hear the words “lung cancer”, you will think that’s the end of the world. Camille, a 53 -year-old mother of two teens is not ________. But fortunately, science is progressing rapidly, a series of tests help to ________ that the right medicine reaches the right patient at the right time. Many people, like Camille, are ________ from cancer diagnostic testing.

With proper ________ and medical care, Camille is now able to keep her daily ________ while treating her disease. She gets a CT scan every three months to ________ for any changes. Now she’s swimming a quarter of a mile twice a week and she can ________ with her kids’ school. She said. “There are some things that I know I should take slowly, but ________, it’s mostly back to ________ for us. I couldn’t even ________ when I was first diagnosed (诊断). However, I became very ________.”

As part of that gratitude, ________ has become even more important to Camille since her diagnosis.

“I’ve always been the caretaker and the volunteer, but people have helped me, particularly in the last couple of months, so I really want to ________ that back,” she said. “I want to help people who are in the same ________ as I am. I would tell them there’re a lot of ________ out there and that it’s not hopeless.”

1.

A．asleep

B．alone

C．lonely

D．together

2.

A．make sense

B．make up

C．make sure

D．make out

3.

A．benefiting

B．escaping

C．traveling

D．deserving

4.

A．relaxation

B．protection

C．entertainment

D．treatment

5.

A．program

B．process

C．routine

D．service

6.

A．manage

B．monitor

C．follow

D．record

7.

A．help

B．accompany

C．greet

D．save

8.

A．besides

B．moreover

C．otherwise

D．instead

9.

A．surprise

B．nature

C．special

D．normal

10.

A．stand

B．remember

C．realize

D．lie

11.

A．pitiful

B．grateful

C．cautious

D．impatient

12.

A．struggling

B．engineering

C．volunteering

D．pioneering

13.

A．take

B．look

C．return

D．give

14.

A．situation

B．occupation

C．relationship

D．system

15.

A．opinions

B．options

C．difficulties

D．decisions

10 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

China is expected to make more     1     ( contribute) to global containment(控制) of COVID-19 by developing vaccines through international cooperation, leading international public health experts said. Having     2     ( effective) brought the disease under control, China can work to help     3     ( strong) global health systems and improve global preparedness for the next public health crisis, Seth Berkley, CEO of the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunizations, said at a seminar last week. “China has done a remarkable job on COVID-19 control. It's really extraordinary to see a country     4     ( hit) by a severe disease respond so quickly,” he said. “China tried to slow this disease down, not just for China     5     for the world.” But with reduced COVID-19 cases in China     6     consequence of its containment, domestic vaccine developers may need international cooperation so further clinical trials can be conducted in other countries. Some Chinese companies have shown interest in international cooperation,     7     can help to develop vaccines for the disease.

Berkley said some organizations wanted to work with China in the development of vaccines to contribute to containment of the disease globally. They wanted to work on bringing Chinese science and vaccine manufacturers to the world,     8     (try) to make sure the quality is there and     9     China can work through the thicket of international regulations. China has world-class vaccine research and development teams, and vaccine manufacturing in China     10     (make) great progress over the past decades. They will continue to support China in the research, development and manufacturing of vaccines.