1. What’s the matter with Mr. Lin?
A.He has a fever. | B.He has a headache. | C.He has a sore back. |
A.In the morning. | B.In the afternoon. | C.In the evening. |
2 . Three paralysed (瘫痪的) men, who were told they would spend the rest of their lives in a wheelchair, are able to walk again, thanks to an electrical device, which was placed around the men’s spines (脊柱) and boosted signals from their brains to their legs.
The first patient to be treated was 30-year-old Swiss man David M’zee, who suffered a severe spinal injury several years ago in a sporting accident. David’s doctor said he would never walk again. However, thanks to the electrical device developed by a team at a public research university in Lausanne, Switzerland, he agreed to take part in a trial led by Dr. Courtine at the university.
“I came with my daughter, Charlotte, who was one month old at the time. As we approached David, he looked her in the eye and said, ‘I will walk before you,’” Dr Courtine recalls. “When Charlotte took her first step she was 14 months old, by which time David was walking by Lake Geneva. He said to her, ‘I have beaten you.’”
David can now walk up to eight paces when the device is switched off and this is the first time that this has been recorded in a chronic (慢性的) spinal injury. However, out of the lab, in the real world, it is hard for David to walk more than a few paces. The signals from the device soon become uncomfortable and so can’t be used all the time. The system is also expensive and not reliable enough to be used out of the laboratory for day-to-day use, so it’s far from a cure.
David is the first of three patients who have benefited from the first wave of the treatment. Two other men have also managed to walk again, to various degrees.
The researchers plan to begin larger trials in Europe and the US in the next few years. If these go well, the researchers are confident the system could become more widely available.
1. How does the electrical device help the paralysed walk again?A.By straightening the spines. | B.By making the brains recover. |
C.By signaling the legs to move. | D.By making use of a wheelchair. |
A.To point out David’s weakness. | B.To explain David’s failure to walk. |
C.To show the speed of David’s recovery. | D.To prove his daughter’s athletic ability. |
A.It is hard for typical patients to operate. | B.It is unreliable when used out of the lab. |
C.It always makes patients uncomfortable. | D.It sometimes sends wrong signals to legs. |
A.The device can cure paralysis. | B.The device has been widely used. |
C.The device will be tested globally. | D.The device has a potential market. |
1. What does the woman want to do?
A.Carry out an operation. | B.Get a second opinion. | C.Do more tests. |
A.Teacher and student. | B.Doctor and patient. | C.Employer and employee. |
A.Excited. | B.Worried. | C.Relaxed. |
Tu Youyou,
However, the discovery of artemisinin wasn’t easy. From then on, she and her team examined 2,000 old medical texts and
She was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine on 6 October 2015 for the discovery of artemisinin, which could be thought
1. What does the man think he still has a problem with?
A.His nose. | B.His head. | C.His mouth. |
A.In a hospital. | B.In a school lab. | C.At a research center. |
A.His smell. | B.His taste. | C.His muscle. |
A.Taking new medicines. | B.Using new treatments. | C.Finding new senses. |
1. What may cause the man feel tired these days?
A.High blood pressure. | B.Stress at work. | C.Sleeping pills. |
A.One month. | B.Two weeks. | C.Two months. |
A.Retiring early. | B.Reducing the work. | C.Sleeping early. |
A.A manager. | B.An athlete. | C.A doctor. |
A.At school. | B.On the field. | C.In a hospital. |
8 . Can a robot provide helpful answers to your health concerns? That’s the goal of Reach Digital Health, an organization that uses mobile technologies, like text messages, to provide helpful health-care information and guidance to people across Africa who can’t easily reach a health-care provider. The continent has 17.89% of the world’s population, 23% of the diseases that disable and kill people, and only a small part of the world’s health workers.
Reach Digital Health deals with millions of questions and sends millions of mostly automatic (自动的) and computerized answers per day. That is, “We first try to respond automatically to any question that they might have,” says Debbie Rogers, CEO of Reach Digital Health, “because we want to be able to give them an answer as quickly as possible.” Besides, some words or responses can bring other interventions (干预). If someone describes an emergency like “bleeding” in their message, for example, the system will instruct them to visit their nearest hospital as soon as possible. In addition, signs and diagnoses (诊断) reported through Reach Digital Health can be sent to governments in real-time so that informed public health decisions can be made quickly and responsibly.
Reach Digital Health also uses the information they collect to improve the health offerings of equipment, district or even entire country. It collects information from millions of women, which allows for shortcomings in training or medical supplies to be identified and corrected by providers and governmental health agencies.
The organization isn’t just in South Africa. It’s working in eight other countries in sub-Saharan Africa. In addition, through teamwork with the World Health Organization starting in 2020, they’ve enlarged their services across the globe and set up programs in Bangladesh and Indonesia.
1. Reach Digital Health was founded to _________.A.prevent Africans from hunger | B.invent a powerful medical robot |
C.offer Africans useful healthcare information | D.make medical investigation in Africa |
A.By directing him to the nearest hospital. | B.By sending him to a hospital. |
C.By making diagnoses for him. | D.By giving him free medicine. |
A.Puzzled. | B.Unclear. | C.Doubtful. | D.Supportive. |
A.Debbie Rogers: a far-sighted leader |
B.Healthcare in Africa: a long way to go |
C.Reach Digital Health: an incredibly profitable organization |
D.Reach Digital Health: answering health concerns |
9 . An experimental treatment rejuvenates (使...恢复活力) the immune (免疫的) systems of older mice, improving their ability to fight infections. If it works in humans, the treatment could reverse (逆转) age-related decreases in immunity that leave older adults susceptible to disease.
These decreases may be due to changes in our blood stem cells which can develop into any type of blood cell—including key parts that make up the immune system. As we age, a larger proportion (比例) of these stem cells tend to produce some immune cells over others, says Jason Ross at Stanford University in California. This imbalance damages the immune system’s defenses.
Ross and his colleagues have developed a treatment using antibodies (抗体), which are proteins that recognize and attack certain cells to target these abnormal stem cells. They tested the treatment in six mice between 18 and 24 months old, which is roughly equal to an age of 56 to 70 years in humans.
A week after receiving an antibody injection, the mice had about 38 percent fewer of these abnormal stem cells than six mice of the same age that didn’t receive the treatment. “You can think of it as kind of turning back the clock,” says Ross. “We’re making the proportion of these immune cells more similar to those of a younger adult mouse.”
To test if the changes resulted in a stronger immune system, the researchers vaccinated (打疫苗) 17 older mice against a mouse virus. Nine of these mice had received the antibody treatment eight weeks earlier. The researchers then infected (感染) the mice with the virus. Two weeks later, they measured the number of infected cells in the animals and found that nearly half of the treated mice had cleared the infection, compared with only one of the eight untreated mice.
The findings indicate that the antibody treatment rejuvenates the mouse immune system. “Since humans, like mice, also see abnormal blood stem cells increase with age, a similar antibody treatment may rejuvenate our immune systems,” says Ross.
1. What does the underlined word “susceptible” in paragraph 1 mean?A.Strongly resist. | B.Easily suffer from. |
C.Completely unaffected by. | D.Highly immune to. |
A.Changes in our nervous system. |
B.An increase in antibodies in our body. |
C.Changes in blood stem cells. |
D.A decrease in the number of immune cells. |
A.By analyzing changes in their lifestyle. |
B.By observing differences in their behavior. |
C.By conducting blood tests to measure immune cell counts. |
D.By counting the number of infected cells after virus contact. |
A.The antibody treatment has no effect on the mouse immune system. |
B.The antibody treatment increases the risk of infections in mice. |
C.The antibody treatment only works on young mice, not older ones. |
D.The antibody treatment improves the mouse immune system. |
A.A stomachache. | B.A headache. | C.Knee pain. |