1 . SarahRose Black isn’t a doctor or a nurse. Since 2013 she has played an important role for patients at the center as a music therapist (治疗师). One day, a nurse at a medical centre asked her if she could reach out to a patient who refused to take part in any activities. “He’s angry with us, and we wonder if you might have an interest in it.” the nurse told her.
The next day, Black offered to play music for the patient. “If you don’t like it, you can tell me to leave.” she said. After thinking for a while, the man wrote down the names of some music he liked and then looked out the window. However, as Black began to play one of his favorites, he cried. She stopped playing, saying, "Do you want me to continue?" "Certainly," he said through tears.
“It was as if the music went places," recalls Black.” He shared afterwards that he’d been holding in so much and had been unable to talk about anything —but the music felt like a hug."
It has been shown that music can be medicine. A study conducted in Barcelona’s Hospital del Mar found patients receiving music therapy experienced obvious decreases in anxiety and breathing difficulties, as well as an increase in feelings of well-being.
At the Dr Bob Kemp Hospice in Hamilton, Ont., music therapy is widely used. Doug Mattina experienced a music-therapy program when his father spent his last days there. "During the treatment, my mom and I danced around my dad’s bed. He would request high kicks from us as he clapped along. He was so weak that he sometimes fell asleep, but he was happy. It meant a lot to us." Mattina says.
Music has an especially important effect on sick children. Ruth Hunston, a music therapist at a children’s hospital, says her program gives patients back some sense of control. "When children are in hospital, their worlds get much smaller," she explains. "Music allows them to create something themselves."
Music does count in treatment, but Black notes that people actually connect with music for their whole lives.“ We have a heartbeat, so we have a drum inside us; we are born to be musical,”she says,“ Music relieves our sadness in ways words cannot.”
1. How did the patient react to Black’s appearance?| A．He asked her to leave. | B．He cried and hugged her. |
| C．He handed her a list of songs. | D．He turned away and walked to the window. |
| A．Got faster. | B．Went wrong. | C．Worked well. | D．Slowed down. |
| A．He often did high kicks. | B．He was once a music therapist. |
| C．He didn’t like talking about his illness. | D．He fell in and out of sleep in the treatment. |
| A．It improves their social ability. | B．It helps them create something. |
| C．It helps them enjoy a sound sleep. | D．It excites their interest in medical treatment. |
| A．Thoughtful and helpful. | B．Strong and talented. |
| C．Intelligent and honest. | D．Hardworking and humorous. |
2 . Five weeks ago I had total hip replacement surgery (髋关节置换手术). In Canada, we have a great healthcare system. That means we get our new hips for free.
My hip had been hurting me for years before I went to the doctor. Of course, it was free. She referred me to a surgeon, but the earliest appointment was in 10 months. That is what being free gets you. Ten months later, after some free X-rays, the surgeon told me I needed surgery, which was about an 18-month wait, for some senior citizens had been on the operation list. Another 18 months! I dragged myself out of the surgeon’s office.
Walking through the hospital, I thought about the situation. As the breadwinner of a large family, I couldn’t wait that long, so I had to get to the front line. I was fully aware of what a Canadian should be like (Canadians are usually considered gentle and ca-ring), but this time I really needed to fight for myself. At that very moment, in the shop window of the hospital, I saw a sign which read, “Volunteers Needed.” Suddenly, an idea occurred to me—I would get the job. Fortunately, they signed me up immediately because the average age of the volunteers at the shop was 75. They were desperate for some young blood.
Every Friday morning, I was at the shop. While seeing the hospital staff, I’d casually be asked, What do you do? Then I'd tell them, Well, I'm getting my hip replaced—in 18 months. It’s going to be so great when the pain stops. Soon, all the staff got to know me. Naturally, in my next appointment, the surgeon recognized me. Moments later, I had a surgery date just weeks away.
I had to say it was actually my volunteering that got me to the front of the line. And I’m not ashamed of it, for I intend to stick with the volunteering. Also, even when I cheated the system, I did it in a way that benefits society.
1. What can we infer from the second paragraph?| A．She felt rather disappointed. |
| B．She couldn’t walk because of the pain. |
| C．She was too scared to have the surgery. |
| D．She didn’t believe what the surgeon said. |
| A．To donate blood to the hospital. |
| B．To get her new hip free of charge. |
| C．To receive some tiny gifts from others. |
| D．To approach the doctor for early surgery. |
| A．How I Got My New Hip |
| B．The Doctor Who Saved My Life |
| C．How to Be a Volunteer in Hospital |
| D．The Problem of Canada’s Healthcare System |
3 . EYLEA
Consumer Brief Summary
This summary contains risk and safety information for patients about EYLEA. It does not include all the information and does not take the place of talking to your eye doctor.
What is EYLEA?
EYLEA is a medicine that works by blocking vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF）, which can cause fluid to leak into the macula(视网膜黄斑).
What is EYLEA used for?
EYLEA is indicated for the treatment of patients with:
·Macular Edema Following Retinal Vein Occlusion(RVO)
·Diabetic Macular Edema(DME)
·Diabetic Retinopathy(DR)
How is EYLEA given?
EYLEA is an injection(注射)administered by eye doctor and the injections are given on different schedules. Confirm with your doctor which schedule is appropriate.
What are the most common side effects of EYLEA?
·Eye pain
·Light sensitivity
·Increased eye redness
For more possible side effects, ask your eye doctor. You are encouraged to report negative side effects of prescription drugs to the FDA. Visit www.fda.gov/medwatch, or call1-800-FDA-1088.
What should I tell my eye doctor before receiving EYLEA?
·Infections in or around the eye
·Eye pain or redness
·Being allergic to any ingredients in EYLEA
·Being or planning to be pregnant
Where can I learn more about EYLEA?
For a more comprehensive review of EYLEA safety and risk information, talk to your health care provider and see the full information at EYLEA. com.
1. Who is the passage intended for?| A．Eye doctors. | B．Medicine students. |
| C．Drug researchers. | D．Patients with eye conditions. |
| A．Visit EYLEA.com. | B．Call1-800-FDA-1088. |
| C．Visit www.fda.gov/medwatch. | D．Talk to a medical professor. |
| A．A medical report. | B．An introduction to a book. |
| C．A healthcare contract. | D．A piece of medical instructions. |
4 . I grew up in a home with a mother who believes that vaccines cause brain damage, and do not contribute to the health and safety of a society. The only shot I received was for tetanus (破伤风) when I was two months old. After that, nothing.
At the beginning of each school year, I was very anxious. Delayed term paper? Mischievous (捣蛋的) behaviour? Late for school? None of them. I’d be pulled out of class and brought to the headmaster’s office. The school doctor would tell me I haven’t received any of the necessary shots to attend school. But the same thing occurred each time: my mom would exempt (免除) me from the shots and nothing would happen.
After doing a lot of research, I found although people who don’t vaccinate their children make up only a relatively small group, they can cause major consequences. People who, for health or age reasons, cannot receive vaccines are at a higher risk of catching a preventable disease.
Eventually, I turned 18. In Ohio, where I live, I had to wait until I became a legal adult to make the decision to receive vaccine shots. A huge factor in taking the step to ensure my health was the message board website Reddit. Last year, I asked Reddit users for advice about what vaccines to ask for and how to go about getting them from a doctor. After my post received more than 1,000 comments, I made an appointment with my family physician. Despite how strongly my mother felt, I went through with it anyway.
I did something every person should do. It wasn’t special in any way. Vaccines protect the health and safety of not only yourself but also other people. Vaccination is important because someone could die if you don’t get vaccinated. This was the biggest reason I got vaccinated despite the opposition.
1. What can we know about the author from Paragraph 1?| A．He was born disabled. | B．He suffered from tetanus. |
| C．He was hardly vaccinated. | D．He was spoiled by his mother. |
| A．Because he would never behave himself. |
| B．Because he couldn’t go to school on time. |
| C．Because he often forgot to do his term paper. |
| D．Because he would be called to meet headmaster. |
| A．Grateful | B．Annoyed | C．Excited | D．Guilty |
| A．Obeying the old pays off. | B．Keeping fit is the best policy. |
| C．Doing the right thing matters. | D．Following advice is beneficial. |
| Dr. Peter King South Quay Medical Centre Dr. Vicky Ho |
| ●Morning: 8：30-11：30 Afternoon: 14：00-18：00 ●We are closed on Saturdays, Sundays and Thursday afternoons. ●Outside our working hours, call Sydney Out of Hours Medical Services on 023994 for medical advice. ●Late-night pharmacies (药房) are also available—visit www.sydneylatenightpharmacies.com ●In a medical emergency (紧急情况), call 023993. |
| Appointments ●Appointments made in advance. ●Same-day appointments. Call 023881 by 8：30 as there are only a few available. ●Emergency appointments If you cannot keep an appointment, please let us know so that we can offer it to another patient. For more information, call the front desk on 023885. |
| A．Two and a half. | B．Three. |
| C．Four and a half. | D．Two |
| A．She has to visit www.sydneylatenightpharmacies.com. |
| B．She has to call 023881 by 8：30. |
| C．She has to email Dr. Peter King or Dr. Vicky Ho. |
| D．She has to call 023993. |
| A．It provides two kinds of appointments. |
| B．You can call 023993 in a medical emergency. |
| C．You can’t get help outside the working hours. |
| D．You can call 023881 in a medical emergency. |
6 . Christian Eijkman, a Dutch doctor, left the Netherlands for the island of Java. Many people on the island had a disease called beri-beri. He was going there to try and find a cure.
At first, Eijkman thought some kind of germ (细菌) caused beri-beri. He raised some chickens. He didn’t eat them, but made experiments on them. The local people were quite surprised at that. One day he noticed that his chickens became sick when they were fed the food most Javanese ate — refined white rice (精炼米). When he fed them with unrefined rice, also known as brown rice, they recovered. Eijkman realized that he had made an important discovery — that some things in food could prevent disease. These things were named vitamins (维生素). The Javanese were not getting enough vitamins because they had actually removed the part that contains vitamins. Later, other diseases were also found to be caused by the lack of vitamins in a person’s food.
Today many people know the importance of vitamins and they make sure they have enough vitamins from the food they eat. If they don’t, they can also take vitamin pills.
1. The underlined word “cure” in Paragraph 1 probably means ______.| A．a medical treatment | B．a kind of vitamin |
| C．a kind of germ | D．a kind of rice |
| A．eat more rice | B．eat more meat |
| C．eat some chicken | D．eat vitamin pills |
| A．beri-beri was caused by chickens |
| B．the Javanese didn’t like vitamins |
| C．Christian Eijkman’s experiment was successful |
| D．the Javanese’s disease was caused by a kind of germ |
| A．To eat them. |
| B．To give the Javanese a surprise. |
| C．To carry out his experiments. |
| D．To make money by selling them. |
7 . Read this Medication Guide before you start using RYBELSUS® and each time you get are fill. There may be new information. This information does not take the place of talking to your health-care provider about your medical condition or your treatment.
What is RYBELSUS®?
RYBELSUS® is a medicine used along with diet and exercise to improve blood sugar in adults with type 2 diabetes(糖尿病). RYBELSUS® is not recommended as the first choice of medicine for treating diabetes. RYBELSUS® is not for use in patients with type l diabetes. It is not known if RYBELSUS® is safe and effective for use in children under 18 years of age.
How should I take RYBELSUS®:
*Take RYBELSUS® exactly as your health-care provider tells you to.
*Take RYBELSUS® by mouth on an empty stomach when you first wake up.
*Do not split, crush or chew. Swallow RYBELSUS® whole.
RYBELSUS® works best if you eat 30 to 60 minutes after taking RYBELSUS®. If you miss a dose of RYBELSUS®, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular schedule.
What are the possible side effects of RYBELSUS®?
RYBELSUS® may cause serious side effects, including:
*changes in vision. Tell your health-care provider if you have changes in vision during treatment with RYBELSUS®.
*low blood sugar. Your risk for getting low blood sugar may be higher if you use RYBELSUS® with another medicine that can cause low blood sugar.
*serious allergic reactions. Stop using RYBELSUS® and get medical help right away, if you have any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction including itching rash, or difficulty breathing.
1. What do we know about RYBELSUS®?| A．It can be used alone to improve blood sugar. |
| B．It is ineffective for use in children under 18 years old. |
| C．It is recommended as the first choice of medicine. |
| D．It can be used for patients with type 2 diabetes. |
| A．Take RYBELSUS® when you are getting low blood sugar. |
| B．Split, chew or swallow RYBELSUS® whole as you like. |
| C．Skip it and eat on your regular schedule if you forget one dose. |
| D．Take RYBELSUS® by mouth after you have breakfast. |
| A．Poor eyesight. | B．Improved blood sugar. |
| C．Slight allergic reactions. | D．Changes in hearing. |
8 . TECFIDERA
What is TECFIDERA?
● TECFIDERA is a prescription (处方) medicine used to treat people with multiple sclerosis, a serious illness that gradually destroys your nerves, making you weak and unable to walk.
● It is not known if TECFIDERA is safe and effective in children under 18 years of age.
Before taking and while you take TECFIDERA, tell your doctor if you have or have had low white blood cell counts or any other medical conditions.
Tell your doctor if you are:
● pregnant or plan to become pregnant. It is not known if TECFIDERA will harm your unborn baby.
If you become pregnant while taking TECFIDERA, talk to your doctor about joining in the TECFIDERA Pregnancy Registry. You can join in this registry by calling 1-800-456-2255. The purpose of this registry is to monitor the health of you and your baby.
● breastfeeding (母乳喂养) or plan to breastfeed. It is not known if TECFIDERA passes into your breast milk. You and your doctor should decide if you will take TECFIDERA or breastfeed.
How should I take TECFIDERA?
● Take TECFIDERA exactly as your doctor tells you to take it.
● The recommended starting dose (剂量) is one 120 mg capsule taken by mouth 2 times a day for 7 days.
● The recommended dose after 7 days is one 240 mg capsule taken by mouth 2 times a day.
● TECFIDERA can be taken with or without food.
● Swallow TECFIDERA whole. Do not press, chew, or put capsule contents in food.
● Protect TECFIDERA from light. You can do this by storing the capsules in their original container.
Throw away opened TECFIDERA after 90 days.
What are the possible side effects of TECFIDERA?
TECFIDERA may cause serious side effects including decreases in your white blood cell count, sickness, redness, stomach pain and so on.
Redness and stomach problems are the most common reactions, especially at the start of the treatment, but they should decrease over time. Call your doctor if you have any of these symptoms and they bother you or do not go away. These are not all the possible side effects of TECFIDERA. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) at 1-800-FDA-1088.
1. Before taking TECFIDERA, your do NOT have to tell your doctor if you are ______.| A．under 18 years old | B．breastfeeding |
| C．expecting a baby | D．above 90 years old |
| A．Increasing the dose by 2 times every 7 days. |
| B．Never dividing the capsule by any means while taking it. |
| C．Taking it exactly as the instructions show. |
| D．Never taking it on an empty stomach. |
| A．contact FDA | B．report your doctor for prescribing the wrong medicine |
| C．have a high white blood cell count | D．have some eye problems |
9 . Basic Steps of CPR Everyone Should Know
Do you know how to offer first aid if a person has an accident and stops breathing but there is no doctor available at hand? Applying CPR is usually helpful when emergencies such as a heart attack occurs. Read this CPR guide now so you know what to do if someone is experiencing a life-threatening (威胁生命) emergency.
Step 1. Position your hands.
Make sure the patient is lying on his back on a firm surface. Kneel beside him and place your hand on the center of the chest. Keep your arms straight, cover the first hand with the other hand and interlock (紧扣) the fingers of both hands together. Keep your fingers raised so they do not touch the patient’s chest.
Step 2. .
Push the breastbone up and down to a depth of about 5 cm about 30 times, at a rate of 100 beats per minute.
Step 3. Give rescue breaths.
Make sure the airway is open, and pinch (捏) the nose so it closes. Gently raise the chin (下巴) upwards with two fingers of your other hand. Take a deep breath, put your mouth over the patient’s, and blow until you can see his chest, rise.Then remove your mouth from the patient’s and look along the chest, watching the chest fall. To get another breath, lift your head and breathe in deeply. Perform Step 3 again.
Step 4. Repeat chest compressions (按压) and rescue breaths.
Repeat the 30 chest compressions followed by the two breaths about five times, and then check for normal breathing. If that person is not breathing normally, continue performing CPR. If breathing restarts as normal, stay with the injured person until help arrives.
First aid is an important life skill that everyone should learn. The more people who learn CPR, the more lives can be saved in the future.
1. We should do CPR at once, when someone ________.| A．suffers an accident and stops breathing |
| B．is hit by a car and can’t move |
| C．is suffering a serious headache |
| D．has a serious bleeding |
| A．Interlock the fingers | B．Open the airway |
| C．Press the chest | D．Start the breath |
A． | B． |
C． | D． |
| A．describe the dangerous experience |
| B．encourage people to care for others |
| C．show the damage of a heart attack |
| D．explain the steps to apply CPR |
10 . About aspirin:
Aspirin is a commonly used drug which can be taken to relieve discomfort caused by numerous medical problems including headaches, toothache, inflammation and infections. It is also suitable to treat colds and flu-like symptoms, and to reduce a high temperature.
Who can take aspirin?
Adults and children over 16 years of age.
Who should not take aspirin?
Women who are pregnant, or plan to become pregnant. Aspirin may harm your unborn baby.
Women who are breast-feeding. Aspirin can pass into your breast milk and may harm your baby.
People who have any problems with the way the liver works or with the way the kidneys work.
How to take aspirin:
Take aspirin after meals, with a full glass of water or milk.
The recommended dose (剂量) ranges from two to three tablets at a time. Never take more than 4g 12 tablets) in any 24 -hour period.
You must not take these tablets with any other medicine which contains any aspirin or painkiller.
How to store aspirin:
Keep all medicines out of the reach and sight of children.
Store aspirin in a cool, dry place, away from direct heat and light.
Do not put aspirin in the bathroom because the dampness there can cause it to lose its effectiveness.
Throw away aspirin that smells strongly of vinegar.
Possible side effects:
Feeling sick, increased risk of bleeding, stomach pain, indigestion and heartburn are common. If these effects continue, contact your doctor.
Ringing in the ears, difficulty breathing, dizziness, and mental confusion are rare. If these occur, stop taking the drug and contact your doctor for further advice.
1. In which case will you take aspirin according to the text?| A．Stomachache. | B．Fever. |
| C．Breathlessness. | D．Nosebleed. |
| A．6. | B．5. | C．4. | D．3. |
| A．A hospital announcement. | B．A medical report. |
| C．A doctor’s suggestions list. | D．Medical instructions. |
