1 . When we see well, we do not think about our eyes very often. It is only when we cannot see perfectly that we realize how important our eyes are.

People who are near-sighted can only see things that are very close to their eyes. Everything else seems blurry(=unclear). Many people who do a lot of work, such as writing, reading and sewing become near—sighted.

People who are far-sighted suffer from just the opposite problem. They can see things that are far away, but they have difficulty in reading a book unless they hold it at arm’s length. If they want to do much reading ,they must get glasses, too.

Other people do not see clearly because their eyes are not exactly the right shape. They have what is called astigmatism (散光). This, too, can be corrected by glasses. Some people’s eyes become cloudy because of cataracts (白内障). Long ago these people often became blind. Now, however, it is possible to operate on the cataracts and remove them.

Having two good eyes is important for judging distances. Each eye sees things from a slightly different angle. To prove this to yourself, look at an object our of one eye; then look at the same object out of your other eye. You will find the object’s relation to the background and other things around it has changed. The difference between these two different eye views helps us to judge how far away an object is. People who have only one eye cannot judge distance as people with two eyes.

1. We should take good care of our eyes ________.

A．only when we can see well

B．only when we cannot see perfectly

C．even if we can see well

D．only when we realize how important our eyes are

2. When things far away seem indistinct(模糊不清) , one is probably ________.

A．near-sighted	B．far-sighted
C．astigmatic	D．suffering from cataracts

3. Having two eyes instead of one is particularly useful for ________.

A．seeing at night	B．seeing objects far away
C．looking over a wide area	D．judging distances

4. People who suffer from astigmatism have ________.

A．one eye bigger than the other

B．eyes that are not exactly the right shape

C．a difficulty that can be corrected by an operation

D．an eye difficulty that cannot be corrected by glasses

2 . 请先阅读短文,并根据短文内容,从下面方框里所给的10个单词中分别选出恰当的单词填空,使短文意思通顺、完整。请将答案填写在答题卡各题目对应的答题区域内,每空一词,不得重复。

serious   immediately   which   heal   second   burning   liquids   a   within   called

There are three types of burns. Burns are     1     first, second or third degree burns, depending on     2     layers of the skin are burned.

● First degree burns. These affect only the top layer of the skin. These burns are not     3     and should feel better     4    a day or two. Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by touching     5    hot pan, stove or iron for a mordent.

● Second degree burns. These affect both the top and the     6    layer of the skin. These burns are serious and take a few weeks to     7     . Examples include severe sunburn and burns caused by hot     8    .

● Third degree burns. These affect all three layers of the skin and any tissue and organs under the skin. Examples include burns caused by electric shocks,     9    clothes, or severe petrol fires. These burns cause very severe injuries and the victim must go to hospital     10    .

3 . A new study, published this week in the journal Frontiers in Veterinary Science, reveals that non-human animals' tears are not so different from our own. The chemical similarities are so great, in fact, that the composition of other species' tears—and how they're adapted to their environments-may provide insights into better treatments for human eye disease.

Previously, scientists had studied closely only the tears of a handful of mammals, including humans, dogs, horses, camels, and monkeys. In the new study, Brazilian veterinarians analyzed the tears of reptiles and birds for the first time , focusing on seven species.

Tears, which are released from tear tubes, form a film over the eye that's composed of three ingredients: mucus, waler, and oil. The mucus coats the eyes surface and helps to attach the film to the eye, the water is a natural salty solution containing crucial proteins and minerals, and the oil prevents the eye from drying out.

Humans are the only known species to produce emotional tears; the expression "crocodile tears," which refers to a person's phony display of emotion, comes from the mysterious tendency of crocodiles to release tears as they eat.

But tears play key roles beyond weeping, notes Lionel Sebbag at Iowa State University, who was not involved in the new research. They help with vision by lubricating and clearing the eye. They also protect the eye against infection and provide nutrition to the cornea, the eye's clear outer layer, which lacks blood tubes, he says.

Learning how reptiles and birds' use tears may also inspire new medications for conditions such as dry eye, which occurs when tear tubes don't produce enough oil. The disease, common in cats, dogs, and people, can sometimes lead to blindness.

1. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?

A．The source of tears.	B．The composition of tears.
C．The classification of tears,	D．The definition of tears.

2. What does the underlined word "phony” in paragraph 4 mean?

A．Tricky.

B．Regretful.

C．Cold.

D．False.

3. Which statement does Lionel Sebbag agree with?

A．Weeping contributes to eye disease.	B．The cornea has rich blood tubes.
C．Tears oil and clear the eyes.	D．More tears mean better vision.

4. What might be the best title for the text?

A．Tears, a barrier to eyes	B．A better treatment for eye disease
C．Non-human tears promise new cures	D．Other species’ tears are similar to humans'

4 . If you don't use it, you lose it. At least, that's how the old saying goes. It refers to the idea that something which does not get used regularly quickly falls into a state of decline. Muscles, for example, will waste away without use. In order to resist this, people take regular exercise to keep their skills sharp.

Well, what about the brain? As we age, our brains can naturally begin to decline. In some cases, this can lead to certain mental conditions such as dementia(痴呆)，which I'm sure you will agree, no one wants. However, all is not lost because these days it's relatively easy to train your brain. Smart phones and apps have put programmes into our hands that can test, maintain and even improve our memories, mathematical skills and a lot of other mental abilities. With a little practice every day, we can keep our brains nice and sharp, right?

Well, no, actually. According to a report from the Global Council on Brain Health, even though many people thought it was important to play online games, such as puzzles and mind games, which are designed to improve brain health, the evidence of the benefits was “weak to non-existent”.

There are other ways to promote the old grey matter. It recommends seeking out new activities that challenge the way you think and are socially engaging，while leading to a healthy lifestyle. Among their suggestions are practising tai chi, taking photography classes, learning new technologies, gardening, art projects or volunteering.

There's more good news, too, James Goodwin, chief scientist at Age UK has said that brain decline is not inevitable (不可避免的）. As long as the activities are “new to you and require your concentrated attention”, they can provide benefits for brain health. So, hurry up, get out there and try something new. Maybe it's time to try that hobby you've always wanted to do. And as for me? I'm off to learn the piano.

1. From which is the text probably taken?

A．A biology textbook.	B．A healthy magazine.
C．A travel brochure.	D．A research paper.

2. Which has the closest meaning of the underlined words “socially engaging”？

A．Making more shopping.	B．Avoid brain decline.
C．Doing exercises alone.	D．Going out with friends.

3. Which of the following can better keep your brain healthy according to the author?

A．Trying something new.	B．Using smart phone regularly.
C．Playing games online.	D．Doing what you are good at.

4. What does the passage mainly tell us?

A．Advantages of trying something new.

B．Disadvantages of using smart phones.

C．Ways to keep our brain as sharp as possible.

D．How to spend time meaningfully at an old age.

5 . Many of us don't pay much attention to the importance of eye care．It is said that if you take care of your body, then you can surely be healthy. That is why our eyes should be given a lot of care．Natural eye care should be put in a number one place．

There are several causes leading to poor eyesight like having not enough food，genes（基因）and aging（老化）．Televisions，computers and reading are also the causes of having poor eyesight．If you happen to work in front of the computer，it is best to take a break every once in a while．Something dirty can cause redness and they will make you feel uncomfortable. It is bad for your eyes，too．If this happens，the best way is to clean your eyes by using cold water. You must also try your best to protect your eyes from harmful things. For example，sunglasses are not just for fashion but they can also serve as a great way to protect your eyesight from UV rays．

Eating healthy food will do good to your eyesight. Remember that vitamins A，C and E are good for eyes．Try to eat food groups that have these vitamins．And you should do eye exercises which can protect your eyesight，too．If a person exercises regularly（定期地）and eats the right kind of food，his eyes will stay in good condition for a long time．

All above are natural ways of eye care that help us to keep healthy eyes．Being happy all the time can be helpful to a person's eyesight，too．In a word，eye care is very important，no matter how old a person is．

1. ______ is the most important way to protect our eyes．

A．Natural eye care	B．Taking medicine
C．Seeing the doctor	D．Being happy all the time

2. All the following causes can lead to bad eyesight EXCEPT ______ ．

A．aging	B．height
C．reading	D．computers

3. What should you do if you have to work in front of the computer？ ______

A．Eat healthy food．

B．Clean the eyes by using cold water．

C．Wear a pair of sunglasses．

D．Have a rest after working for a while．

4. Which is the best title of the passage？ ______

A．Ways of Eye Care	B．Ways of Eye Exercises
C．Ways of Being Happy	D．Ways of Being Healthy．