1 . For making contact and communicating with a person, effective eye contact is essential to our everyday interaction with people, and also to those who want to be effective communicators in public places.     1    .

Generally in Western societies and many other cultures, eye contact with a person is expected to be regular but not overly persistent.     2    , causing the person who’s the object of a person’s stare to feel overly studied and uncomfortable.

    3    . The New Zealand Medical Journal reported that one reason so many young children fall victim to attacks by pet dogs is their overly-lasting eye contact with pets, which causes them to feel threatened and defensive.

Overly lasting eye contact is also a sign of a person’s over-awareness of the messages they are giving. In the case of people who try to lie to someone, they may distort (扭曲) their eye contact so that they’re not avoiding it.     4    . But on the contrary, evasive (逃避的) eye contact is a sign of discomfort. Why do we avoid looking at a person? It may be because we feel ashamed to be looking at them if we’re being dishonest of trying to take them in. Evasive eye contact may also a sign of dishonesty.

However, Scotland’s University of Stirling found that, in a question-and-answer study among children, those who maintained eye contact were less likely to come up with the correct answer to a question than those who looked away to consider their response.     5    , when this energy could be spent on deep thinking.

A．This is a widely recognized indicator of lying

B．Constant eye contact is often considered to be rude

C．Eye contact is the act of looking into someone’s eyes

D．But there’s something you may not know about eye contact

E．Overpowering eye contact can make the other person excited

F．Even between humans and non-humans, lasting eye contact is sometimes unadvisable

G．Eye contact, as a socializing device, can take a surprising amount of effort to maintain

3 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Body language is an important part of     1     (communicate). If you wish to communicate well, then it makes sense to understand how you can use your body to say     2     you mean. When you’re nervous, it shows in the way you’re standing or what you’re doing with your hands. The same goes for when you’re     3     (confidence). Standing tall and     4     (make) eye contact shows confidence. Think about someone like Oprah — when she walks onto a stage or into a room she controls it. It’s not just because she’s a well-known speaker,     5     because she performs like she owns the place.

If you want     6     (improve) your confidence before a job interview, presentation, big meeting, or any time really, take a power pose. One great power pose     7     (be) the “Wonder Woman” pose — your hands on your hips (髋部), legs out in a V shape, shoulders and back straight, and chin     8     (slight) up. Stay there for a few     9     (moment) thinking about how sure of yourself you are. Try it out for yourself and you’ll see     10     quickly it impacts you. But it’s probably not a good idea to use in the interview.

4 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

While Arabic may be the official language of many Middle Eastern     1     (nation), body language is also an important means of communication in Arab culture.

Placing your right hand on your heart is a warm greeting that can     2     (do) by itself or after a handshake. The gesture shows sincerity and respect. In Arab culture, handshakes are not only reserved for meeting or greeting someone, but they're also used when you say “goodbye.”

Once you fall into conversation, there are several     3     (help) hand gestures you should know: Touching your fingertips together while holding out your hand means “wait” or “be     4     (patience).” And if your friend or colleague is feeling stressed about something, you can move your hand outward away from your body to express that there are things in life that are not worth     5     (worry) about. Call it the Arab version of “Don’t worry; be happy.”

In addition     6     hand gestures, other body language used in daily life     7     (include) a quick movement of the head upward accompanied by a click of the tongue,     8     means “no” or “I disagree.” By contrast, tilting (倾斜) your head to the side with a smile     9     (usual) means “yes.”

So, while you’re learning Arabic words like “shukran” (thank you) and “masalamah” (goodbye), remember there are other ways to communicate and make yourself feel a part of     10     local culture.

5 . Words are powerful: they have the ability to lift up the lowest of the low or tear down the highest of the high. But a strong argument could be made that our body language is even more influential. The most effective communication occurs when the importance of body language in teaching is acknowledged. When these nonverbal signals are working together with our words, it creates communication synergy.

It has been suggested that two-thirds of our communication is nonverbal. Positive body language in a classroom setting has the ability to motivate, inspire and engage. It can not only give you the confidence you need to teach but can also inform your students that you actually know what you’re talking about. It can even make your students feel safe and confident enough to participate in the lessons more frequently.

Most leadership positions encourage body language that shows power and confidence. Signals include standing tall, gesturing only from the waist up, head straight and forward, and talking while pointing to others, which are obvious ways to exercise control. But when teaching, the nonverbal signals need to show a different type of leader. These signals convey warmth and understanding, reminding your students that you are approachable and there to help them grow. For example, fix your eyes on one student for about 15-30 seconds before changing to another student, which is one of the best ways to keep students’ focus. Nod your head. Give a thumbs up—maybe two! Show them they are on the right path and they will be more confident in continuing down it.

The importance of body language can never be ignored. It’s desirable that you should advocate using body language in teaching and pay attention to the use rule and using skills. You should use right, natural and clear body language. It’s crucial that you create good classroom atmosphere, inspire students’ imagination and grasp students’ mood.

1. Which has a similar meaning as the underlined word “synergy” in Paragraph 1?

A．Energy loss.	B．Confusing result.
C．Individual effect.	D．Combined power.

2. What do most leadership positions mainly express?

A．Warmth.	B．Control.
C．Understanding.	D．Encouragement.

3. What’s the purpose of the last paragraph?

A．To explain a theory.	B．To make a description.
C．To give suggestions.	D．To summarize a debate.

4. What is the text mainly talking about?

A．The importance of teacher’s body language.

B．The effective ways of good communication.

C．The value of teacher-student communication.

D．The prospect of students’ nonverbal learning.

8 . Modern research on body language — often called nonverbal behavior — began in the 1960s and 1970s with studies that aimed to demonstrate the universality (普遍性) of facial expressions of emotion. That work was inspired in part by Charles Darwin’s study The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals (1872). But it had received little attention for around a century, according to nonverbal communication expert David Matsumoto.

Then modern researchers examined how the brain reacts to facial expressions and how babies copy facial and hand gestures. And scientists have also realized the complexity (复杂性) of body language.

Much research has suggested that body language is often hard to interpret or understand. But for years some advisers and experts have been using their knowledge in many practical areas.

“I help people influence and persuade others around, how trustworthy and credible their message is by helping them with their specific nonverbal communication.” said Mark Bowden. He is the author of “Winning Body Language”. a guide for readers including business people and famous people. He focuses on where a person faces their body and how much space they take up, as well as those gestures.

Some experts also say they can use those signals to interpret hidden emotions. Joe Navarro is the author of What Every Body Is Saying. It is a book about reading a person’s mind from their nonverbal behavior. “It’s easy to spar a speaker’s lip movements when he faces a question he doesn’t like.” Joe said.

While the work of these experts attracts large audiences many scientists are unsure whether their methods are reliable. “Our facial expressions show certain types of emotional states.” David Matsumoto said. So do some body movements. “But people do all kinds of things with their bodies.” he said. Your raised eyebrow (眉毛) could express doubt — but in might also signal discomfort or surprise. “The same hand gesture could mean different things in different cultures,” he said.

1. What role did Charles Darwin’s study play according to paragraph 1?

A．It unlocked the secret of the human mind.

B．It promoted the development of human language.

C．It helped start modern research on body language.

D．It encouraged people to care more about animals.

2. What can we infer about Mark Bowden?

A．He gives advice on business language.	B．He focuses mainly on facial expressions.
C．He pays more attention to spoken language.	D．He teaches people about body language.

3. What did David Matsumoto think of Joe Navarro’s methods?

A．They were instructional.	B．They were doubtful
C．They were experimental.	D．They were necessary.

4. What can be the best title for the text?

A．Can body language tell important truths?	B．Is nonverbal behavior that complex?
C．Should you know more about body language?	D．Do experts know how to interpret emotions?

9 . How many different emotions do you think you can communicate to people with your face? Do you have the same facial expressions as the people from different cultures? Read this passage to find out what scientists have just discovered about this topic.

New research suggests that there are only four basic facial expressions of emotion. However, how these expressions are interpreted (解释) might depend on where you are from. Research by scientists from the Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology at the University of Glasgow has challenged the traditional view of how the face expresses emotions. It was widely believed that six basic emotions (happiness, sadness, fear, anger, surprise and disgust) were expressed and recognized across different cultures. However, the University of Glasgow’s work now suggests that the human face only has four basic expressions of emotion. This is because some pairs of emotions are impossible to distinguish(辨别). Fear and surprise, for example, both share wide open eyes. The facial expressions for anger and disgust also look the same.

So if our faces are only able to express four basic emotions, how do we communicate a much more complex kind of feeling? The study found that the way expressions are interpreted is different in different cultures. However, while looking at how people from the East and West look at different parts of the face during facial expression recognition, scientists found that although there are some common features across cultures, the six basic facial expressions of emotion are not recognized universally.

What interests people about the cross-cultural aspect of the research? This work leads to understanding which emotions we share and appreciating our differences.

1. What did the University of Glasgow find?

A．Six basic emotions greatly influence our character.

B．Six basic emotions can be recognized.

C．It is easy to tell from the basic facial expressions.

D．Some of the six facial expressions are similar.

2. Which group may be the four basic facial expressions of emotion?

A．Sadness, fear, anger and surprise.	B．Anger, sadness, fear and happiness.
C．Happiness, surprise, sadness and fear.	D．Disgust, happiness, anger and sadness.

3. What can we learn according to Paragraph 3?

A．Basic facial expressions are not universal.

B．Facial expressions can’t show complex feelings.

C．Western people have more kinds of facial expressions.

D．The way to express emotions changes with time.

4. Which is the proper title for the passage?

A．What Does Your Face Say?	B．How Do We Communicate?
C．What Are the Six Basic Emotions?	D．Do We Have the Same Expressions?

10 . As an actor, you’ve heard it before: Your body is your instrument. It’s a cliche for a reason—it’s true. Just as a guitar player or violinist needs to often fine-tune (微调) their instrument, you need to do the same. Here, let’s break down everything you should learn about body language exercises for actors, as well as why they’re necessary in the first place to enhance your acting skills.

Body language is the most emotive form of communication after verbal speech. You can learn so much about what’s going on inside based on what’s being externalized. Think about how some entertainment magazines often ask a “body language expert” to analyze a photo of a celebrity couple. However legit (合法的) that person’s expertise may be, there are many truths when it comes to body language.

By that same reasoning, think about how much an audience can learn about a character based on the actor’s body language. You can pass on subconscious (潜意识的) information about your role without saying a word. These exercises will put you in touch with your body and make you more aware of what you’re expressing to the outside world. They can help you get into the physicality of your character so that you can understand them inside and out.

Each performer is different and may have their preferable body language exercise. Take gait exercises as an example. How a character walks is especially telling; it’s literally how they move through the world. An individual’s way of walking can also change depending on how they’re feeling at the moment: excited, sad, scared, etc. Have a bash at different walking styles to show the person you’re playing. Besides, you can write the gestures. This one is actually a writing exercise, but it will still come in handy when we construct a performance. Write out a short scene between two characters who have an entire conversation using only their body language.

1. What does the author mean by citing “Your body is your instrument.”?

A．Keeping healthy needs proper exercise.

B．Learning some music is necessary for actors.

C．Perfecting physical expression is important for actors.

D．Improving performing skills needs professional guidance.

2. What can we learn about body language from the example in Paragraph 2?

A．It is presented in various ways.	B．It gives us lots of information.
C．It hides deepest feelings.	D．It is likely to be ignored.

3. What is the benefit of taking body language exercises for actors?

A．Getting into the character you’re playing.

B．Inspiring your greater passion for acting.

C．Having realization of your inner body.

D．Receiving more performing chances.

4. Which of the following can replace the underlined part “Have a bash at” in Paragraph 4?

A．Make out.

B．Adapt to.

C．Try out.

D．Bring up.