1 . Sasha Olsen, a fourth-grader at Pine Crest School in Fort Lauderdale, is working on releasing a book this summer to illustrate how the state of the oceans affects children.
The 10-year old went on a trip last summer with her family to Vietnam and Japan. She was horrified at the ocean’s pollution levels and dying sea animals. Back home she grew even more disturbed learning about the ocean conditions in South Florida. She sought the help of her cousin Narmina Aliyev. Together, they started a nonprofit, Iwantmyoceanback, in October.
Originally, the group started small, with friends coming together on the weekends to clean the beaches in Bal Harbour. Recently, however, it has hosted events to raise funds for beach cleanups and donate to conservation groups. The nonprofit is also trying to broaden its base by tapping into YouTube and other social media.
Sasha has started a YouTube channel where she posts videos from events and has begun a web series called Table Talks. In it, she interviews people from different professions about the oceans. After the interview, she and her guest will create a painting, signed by the guest, that will be auctioned (拍卖) off to raise money to donate to conservation-based organizations.
Jencarlos Canela, a popular Cuban American singer and telenovela star, was one of Iwantmyoceanback’s first followers and Sasha’s first guest. Canela, who has 3.4 million followers on Instagram, posted about the experience. “Sasha, you can count on me from now on for anything and congratulations on the work you’re doing to keep our oceans clean. You are so special and very talented!” he wrote.
Sasha and Aliyev hope to extend their work to neighboring cities such as Hollywood and Miami Beach. “We really want to make ourselves visible and accessible to all,” said Aliyev, the nonprofit’s vice president.
1. What do we know about Iwantmyoceanback?| A．It was set up by Sasha’s cousin. |
| B．It aims at ocean protection. |
| C．It was inspired by Sasha’s domestic travel. |
| D．It organizes cleanup activities in the neighborhood. |
| A．By calling on friends and relatives to donate. |
| B．By starting a YouTube channel and Table Talks. |
| C．By interviewing people from different professions. |
| D．By selling paintings created and signed by her guests. |
| A．He is proud of being Sasha’s first guest. |
| B．He is one of Iwantmyoceanback’s first followers. |
| C．He is willing to make contributions to Sasha’s project. |
| D．His followers on Instagram posted about their cleanup experiences. |
| A．Sasha: a popular girl on the social media |
| B．Fourth-graders: devoted to beach cleanups |
| C．A 10-year old: making a difference to a better beach |
| D．A 10-year old: working on releasing a book this summer |
2 . “One person’s trash is another person’s treasure.” That’s a common expression, but the next time you throw something away, think about a twist on the old saying. What if your trash could become your own treasure? Many creative, thrifty, and environmentally minded people have come up with a way to make that happen. It’s called upcycling. Our world would be a better place if everyone would begin upcycling.
Upcycling is the practice of taking an unwanted item and turning it into something useful. For example, how about that pair of jeans with a hole in one knee? It could become a new pillow for your bedroom.
Upcycling is not the same as recycling. Upcycling is actually much better for the environment. Recycling takes an item made of glass, paper, metal, or plastic, breaks it down to its base material, and then uses that material to make another product. This requires a great deal of energy. On the other hand, when you choose to upcycle, the only energy you use is your own. And upcycling not only reduces the amount of trash that goes into our landfills, but it also protects natural resources, such as oil and gas. Recycling is good for the environment, but upcycling is even better.
Upcycling also makes a family’s budget stretch further. Of course, the idea of reusing items to save money is not new. During the Great Depression in the 1930s, many families lived on a tight budget. People had to use what they already had in order to meet their needs.
As responsible citizens, we should all be concerned with protecting our environment and budgeting our resources. Upcycling is a fun and creative way to help. The next time you go to toss something into the trash can, stop and think about what it could become. Chances are, there’s a brand-new item in your hand just waiting to be upcycled.
1. Why does the author mention an old saying in the first paragraph?| A．To arise reader’s awareness of upcycling. |
| B．To stress the importance of upcycling. |
| C．To lead in the topic of upcycling. |
| D．To show the idea of upcycling. |
| A．An old ladder is transformed into a bookshelf. |
| B．Old tin cans are transported to landfill. |
| C．A broken wooden door is chopped up. |
| D．Old cloth is made into a paper bed. |
| A．Upcycling is much more creative. |
| B．Recycling is much easier to achieve. |
| C．Recycling is much more cost-saving. |
| D．Upcycling is much more energy-efficient. |
| A．Upcycling is popular at present. |
| B．Upcycling is replacing recycling. |
| C．Upcycling is worth recommending. |
| D．Upcycling is a tradition in daily life. |
3 . Throughout history, humanity has existed side-by-side with viruses and bacteria. From the bubonic plague to smallpox, humanity has evolved to resist these bacteria and viruses. However, there are now new ways for them to infect us.
Climate change is melting permafrost(冻土) areas that have been frozen for thousands of years. As the permafrost melts, so too the ancient bacteria and viruses that have been frozen. These ancient bacteria and viruses, which previously lay inactive in the ice, may spring back to life as the earth’s climate warms.
In August 2016, a 12-year-old boy in the Arctic Circle died and at least twenty people there were hospitalized after having been infected by anthrax(炭疽).
Experts studied and concluded that over 75 years ago, a reindeer infected with anthrax died and its body was frozen and trapped under a layer of permafrost. It stayed there, with the disease inactive, until a heatwave in the summer of 2016. The heatwave melted the permafrost and exposed the reindeer body, which then released the infectious pathogen(病原体) into the nearby water and soil, and then into the food supply. More than 2,000 reindeer feeding near the body became infected, which then led to a small number of human cases.
While you may think the incident is isolated to that area, the fact that long-inactive viruses and bacteria might wake up soon due to climate change will affect us all. Pathogenic viruses might be preserved in old permafrost layers, including some that have caused global epidemics in the past.
With climate change, who knows what deadly viruses and bacteria hidden beneath permafrost areas are threatening us. Perhaps it is time for everyone to do their part to stop global warming.
1. What does the underlined “new ways” refer to?| A．Ancient bacteria and viruses came back to life. |
| B．Bacteria and viruses have evolved into new types. |
| C．Bacteria and viruses become more resistant to medicine. |
| D．Ancient bacteria and viruses remain active in frozen permafrost. |
① A 12-year-old boy died and many others were infected.
② Over 2,000 reindeer feeding near the body became infected.
③ The bacteria went into the nearby water, soil, and then food supply.
④ The permafrost melted and the bacteria in the dead reindeer woke up.
| A．④ ③ ② ① | B．④ ② ③ ① | C．① ② ④ ③ | D．① ③ ④ ② |
| A．To introduce an ancient virus, anthrax. |
| B．To call on people to stop global warming. |
| C．To encourage people to study ancient viruses. |
| D．To warn of the danger of melting permafrost. |
| A．Geography. | B．Environment. | C．Education. | D．Medicine. |
4 . Looking fashionable feels good. However, did you know that doing so could be extremely bad for the planet?
Making clothes requires lots of energy. For example, cotton fields have to be watered. Jeans must be dyed (染色) and then dried. According to scientists, making 1 kilogram of clothes produces 23 kilograms of greenhouse gases on average.
However, clothes are spending less time in shops and at homes than ever. Consumers (消费者) today keep almost every article of clothing only half as long as they did 15 years ago. That causes a large amount of waste.
Some clothing companies and designers have realized this problem. H & M, for example, was the world’s largest buyer of “better cotton” last year. The cotton needs less water to grow. It also requires fewer pesticides (农药). The Swedish brand has also stopped using a chemical that pollutes the environment when making waterproof (防水的) clothes. Nike, meanwhile, has invented a new method of making shoes. It reduces waste by 60 percent compared with traditional cutting and sewing.
More long lasting clothes could help, too. Tom Cridland is a British designer. The clothes that he designs all go through a special treatment. Cridland says they can last more than 30 years.
Unfortunately, not all clothing companies and designers, think they should be responsible for the environment. Some companies do not care about their carbon footprint at all.
What can we do? In some western schools, students are encouraged to fix their jackets and trousers. Clothing companies there send vans to campuses to help them do it. Another solution is to think twice the next time we buy new clothes. Some clothes may not look very fashionable, but they could be good for our planet.
1. According to the passage, making 50 kilograms of clothes produces about kilograms of greenhouse gases.| A．23. | B．115. |
| C．230. | D．1,150. |
| A．“Better cotton” can grow without water. |
| B．“Better cotton” grows faster than traditional cotton. |
| C．“Better cotton” is more environmentally friendly. |
| D．“Better cotton” is more productive than traditional cotton. |
① Using new material.
② Helping students mend clothes.
③ Measuring their carbon footprint.
④ Designing clothes that can last longer.
| A．①②③ | B．①②④ |
| C．①③④ | D．②③④ |
| A．To stop buying clothes. |
| B．To wear fewer clothes at home. |
| C．To ask clothing companies for help when our clothes are torn. |
| D．To buy clothes made by companies that care about their carbon footprint. |
假定你是李华，David 是你的美国笔友。他对中国鼓励使用环保购物袋很感兴趣，来信向你询问此事。请你给他写封回信。主要内容如下：
1.感谢他的关注；
2.简要介绍相关情况；
3.谈谈你的感想。
注意：
1.词数100左右，信的格式已为你写好；
2.可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：环保购物袋 environment-friendly shopping bag 关注 concern.
Dear David,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
1.活动目的；
2.具体措施；
3.发出倡议。
注意：
1.词数80左右:
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
请你根据人们近些年因贪吃野味导致病毒跨物种传播为例写一篇演讲稿。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;
3.题目自拟
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
8 . One spring day, once the flowers have begun to open, a bee will hover and zip through your yard and dive-bomb your picnic table. While you’re thinking about avoiding an attack, that bee is focused on something else entirely: me.
A honeybee has about six weeks to live. Today, like most days, her task is to fly as many as three miles from home, stick her long, straw-like tongue into a hundred or so flowers. When the bee has had her fill, she’ll fly home. There the bee will deposit what she has got into the mouth of one of her co-workers, who will relay it to another, and so on for about 20 minutes, until the mixture is ready to be placed into the comb. Then she and her 50,000 or so mates will hover in the dark all night every night, flapping their wings to create hot, breezy conditions to remove the water from the mixture. Several sunrises later, they will seal me off in a golden cell of beeswax. In her lifetime, our bee may visit 4,000 flowers, and yet will produce only one-twelfth of a tea spoon of me.
The average American consumes nearly a pound and a half of me every year, in tea, on toast, and beyond. If I do say so myself, I am a timeless treasure. Literally—I never go bad.
Unfortunately, my good health is not guaranteed. The problem lies in the growth of industrial agriculture and the use of pest control chemicals, as well as changes in weather patterns, all of which reduce the number of flowers bees have to visit. I’d appreciate your letting your own garden grow just a little wild. My future depends on all of us protecting nature’s wild flowers, thus helping the bees, who give so much—to you, to me—without ever asking for anything in return.
1. What does “me” in the passage refer to?| A．The flower. | B．The bee. | C．Garden | D．Honey. |
| A．Bees’ special talent. | B．Bees’ hard work. |
| C．Bees’ living environment. | D．Bees’ social behavior. |
| A．A bee will surely attack picnickers |
| B．A bee will generally live a long life. |
| C．American consumers can’t go without “me”. |
| D．The drying process of “me” can take a few nights. |
| A．To appeal for help for honeybees. | B．To talk about the history of a treasure. |
| C．To put forward techniques for gardeners. | D．To argue against the control of chemicals. |
9 . As the world’s population continues to increase, so does the amount of global waste people produce. According to data collected by the World Bank Group, nations will generate 4 billion tons of waste annually by the year 2100. The pollution from trash is not only ruining the world’s oceans, air and soil but endangering all living creatures.
For years government agencies have been telling citizens to live a zero-waste lifestyle. Traditionally, manufacturers would make a product to be used and thrown by consumers. This linear model of production offered no help in the fight against global waste. Alternatively, a circular economy has been introduced. This is a system which aims to minimize waste and restore used materials. Once a product’s value is exhausted, the materials are recycled and returned to manufactures. The outcome is less waste.
In 2016, The Wall Street Journal reported on the Taiwan island’s recycling success rate in an article titled The World’s Geniuses of Garbage Disposal. In 1997, Taiwan established its signature 4-in-l Recycling Program, consisting of communities, recycling enterprises, government cleaning teams and the Recycling Fund. Residents separate their recyclable waste and bring it to their community’s recycling locations. The local government collection teams and private collectors collect it. Recycling companies buy waste materials from them to generate profits. Importers and manufacturers who are responsible for the recyclable products pay a fee into the Recycling Fund. The Recycling Fund is an essential aspect of the program used to subsidize (资助) the recycling disposal system, support education and research and development as well as finance recycling efforts in the future.
By following a circular system, more products than ever are being manufactured using recycled materials. For example, used tires can be recovered to pave roads, while plastic is reused to make new plastic products. And it also helps to conserve natural resources, reduce pollution, save landfill space and even create new job opportunities.
1. Why has a circular economy been introduced?| A．The population is on the rise. |
| B．It can help handle global waste. |
| C．The living creatures on earth are getting less diverse. |
| D．Traditional products are not environmentally friendly. |
| A．The recyclable materials can be collected officially or privately. |
| B．The importers and manufactures cover the costs of the program. |
| C．Recycling companies buy waste materials from the residents. |
| D．The government invests money as the recycling fund. |
| A．It will cause no waste or pollution. | B．It reduces the costs of the products. |
| C．It helps lower the unemployment rate. | D．All the materials can be recycled again. |
| A．Do nothing by halves. | B．All that glisters isn’t gold. |
| C．Actions speak louder than words. | D．One man’s trash is another man’s treasure. |
10 . After living in the city for nearly ten years, my family decided to be more self-sufficient (自给自足). Then we moved into a house in the country, where we met real challenges.
There was no electricity available in the area. The energy is generated by the wind and sun and stored in batteries. When we first moved in, we lost power almost daily. After this happened a few times, we came to realize how often we wasted electricity. Lights, fans and computers were left on when they were not in use. The refrigerator door was left open too long. The cell phone chargers were plugged in all the time. All of this used unnecessary power. We steadily increased our awareness of conversing (节约) power.
No water line is connected to the house. We have two large water tanks. Every weekend after we came here, we carried two smaller tanks to the nearby town and filled them with water, which we carried back and pumped into our big tanks. It didn’t take us long to understand that we had to use less water. We started taking quicker showers, turning off the water while brushing our teeth and collecting the water every time it rained.
In addition, we are also trying to make other changes, including reducing the amount of waste we produce, growing our own organic vegetables, and reusing things that we would normally throw away. These changes not only make sense financially but also give my kids a feeling of satisfaction in doing something good for the planet.
While living far away from civilization has been a big adjustment, there are many benefits. One of the greatest is teaching my kids the importance of conservation. We used to take water, power and gas for granted. Now we have learned to conserve. I hope that once my kids move out of the house, they will keep the habits that they have formed by living here.
1. Why did the family move to the country?| A．To reduce their expenses. |
| B．To change their way of life. |
| C．To get away from the noisy city. |
| D．To teach the kids to be independent. |
| A．save time | B．carry less water | C．protect the tanks | D．save water |
| A．Children’s awareness of conservation. |
| B．The good habits of protecting the planet. |
| C．The determination to take up challenges. |
| D．The ability to adjust to new environments. |
