1 . Can plastic recycling reduce the import of oil? The United States Environmental Protection Agency says only seven percent of plastic waste in the United States is recycled each year. A new company in northern New York says it can increase that percentage. It also says it can help the United States reduce the amount of oil it imports.
The company has a machine called the “plastic-eating monster”. Every hour, thousands of kilograms of milk jugs, water bottles, and grocery bags are fed into the machine. The plastic waste comes from landfills across the United States.
John Bordynuik runs the company, called JBI Inc. Mr. Bordynuik has invented a new process of turning plastic into fuel. First, many different kinds of unwashed plastics are melted together. Mr. Bordynuik uses a special chemical to turn the fluid into a vapor. This reduces the plastic to its most basic elements. “Plastics are just long hydrocarbon chains. What we’re doing is re-forming them into links and chains that we want so they have a high fuel value.” Eight percent of the recycled plastic is used to run the system. Independent testers say eighty-six percent of what goes in comes out as fuel.
JBI produces several thousand liters of fuel a day. It creates different grades of fuel for different industries. It sells the fuel for up to one hundred dollars a barrel(桶). Each barrel costs about ten dollars to produce. John Bordynuik believes plastics will become an important source of fuel for the United States. He says this will reduce the country’s dependence on foreign oil and reduce the amount of plastic waste in its landfills.
Scientists say plastic-to-oil technology is still new and developing. They say it is not yet known if the process is environmentally friendly. And some question whether turning plastic into oil can even be considered “recycling”. Carson Maxted says because there is a lot of plastic waste and a great demand for oil, JBI’s recycling technology may create great changes in both industries. “So they’re getting value from something that would otherwise go to the landfill, things that wouldn’t be accepted into a recycling plant.”
1. What are Paragraphs 2 and 3 mainly about?A.The formation of JBI. |
B.The way to melt plastic. |
C.The process of turning plastic into fuel. |
D.The process of inventing the plastic-eating monster. |
A.Critical. | B.Positive. |
C.Negative. | D.Indifferent. |
A.Plastic-to-oil technology can reduce plastic waste. |
B.Plastic-to-oil technology is getting value from the landfill. |
C.Plastic-to-oil technology is considered to be recycling. |
D.Plastic-to-oil technology is regarded as environmentally friendly. |
A.By listing facts. | B.By analyzing causes. |
C.By making comparison. | D.By providing an example. |
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下面划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1、每处错误及其修改均仅一词;
2、只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Since the Copenhagen Climate Conference, living a low carbon life have been a hot topic. Recently our class had a discussion about it. During a discussion, my classmates put forward the followed suggestions about how to take a green development path. First, fewer trees should be planted. Second, clean energy and renewable energy should be developed. Third, waste things that people throw away them should be recycled and reused. We all think it everyone duty to live a low carbon life. We should try to save water or electricity. We should use public transportation as much as possibly. Besides, we should call on people around us make contributions to create a green homeland.
3 . A thirty-year-old environmental puzzle has finally been solved. Since the 1990s, pieces of plastic telephones that look like Garfield—the lazy cartoon cat—have been
Shipping containers are used to move things like food, clothing and other items
People who live in the area say that the
The Garfield phones have become a symbol of the problem of ocean
A.built | B.washed | C.given | D.blown |
A.decades | B.years | C.centuries | D.months |
A.theory | B.evidence | C.belief | D.answer |
A.ordinary | B.emptied | C.strange | D.broken |
A.pictures | B.films | C.calls | D.parts |
A.reached | B.founded | C.protected | D.used |
A.by | B.on | C.across | D.around |
A.provide | B.carry | C.possess | D.include |
A.stored | B.exported | C.sold | D.destroyed |
A.everybody | B.the group | C.the organization | D.nobody |
A.country | B.sea | C.cave | D.ship |
A.phones | B.cats | C.bodies | D.wastes |
A.before | B.after | C.until | D.despite |
A.immediately | B.probably | C.secretly | D.eventually |
A.stolen | B.hidden | C.missing | D.sinking |
A.voyage | B.exploration | C.protection | D.pollution |
A.located | B.watched | C.separated | D.repaired |
A.explain | B.observe | C.understand | D.conclude |
A.break down | B.die down | C.go down | D.slow down |
A.normal | B.new | C.real | D.cool |
4 . Nothing is more American than blue jeans. The blue denim pants(牛仔裤) were invented in 1871 and were initially made for miners and cowboys but became a popular fashion among youth in the 1950s and 1960s. Denim soon became accepted by most people, making jean pants, jackets, skirts, and more a big part of western culture.
Now, Wrangler which has been making jeans since 1947, is greening the industry by dyeing denim with indigo—the deep blue color used for jeans-foam(泡沫), instead of the traditional way of using vats of Indigo liquid dye.
While indigo is a natural compound and has been used to dye cloth for centuries, most of the indigo dyes used today are manmade, and dyeing thread for the production of blue jeans is very wasteful. The thread has to be pulled through multiple dye boxes filled with around 2,000 liters of liquid dye and water, and the process has to be repeated several times for the dye to hold according to Fast Company.
The new eco-friendly foam dyeing method was developed at Texas Tech and uses over 99 percent less water than the traditional method. In 2017, Wrangler, the Walmart Foundation, and Lee, another blue jeans brand• invested in new technology to make the industry more sustainable.
In the new “Indigo good” methods the process saves more than just water; it is expected to use 60 percent less energy and produces 60 percent less waste.
“While we have been able to reduce 3 billion liters of water in product finishing during the past 10 years, we know that more needs to be done across the entire supply chain.” Wrangler president Tom Waldron told Fashion Network. “Foam technology reduces water consumption and pollution further upstream.”
1. Whom were blue jeans first aimed at?A.Miners. | B.Youth. | C.The old. | D.The majority. |
A.Source of raw materials. | B.Amount of usages. | C.Pollution levels. | D.Process of dyeing. |
A.Saving time. | B.Reducing water's waste. |
C.Attracting employees. | D.Causing no pollution. |
A.He requires cooperation with suppliers. | B.He is satisfied with the entire supply chain. |
C.He appeals to further reducing pollution. | D.His company is bringing in more profits. |