1. 简述刷短视频的利与弊；
2. 你的观点。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：刷短视频 watch short videos
Good morning, everyone.
I’d like to
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2 . Eventually, the changes that will strengthen stepfamilies will likely come from shifts in cultural prejudices. Such change is slow, but there are signs that some movement along this line is beginning to take place. For instance, Roger Coleman, a clergyman in Kansas City, Mo., performs marriage ceremonies specifically designed to include children when a parent remarries. In years of officiating second marriages, he says, he became keenly aware of the confusion and insecurities of the children, and the ceremony — which includes a special medal worn by the child — aims to celebrate the “new family” and move the church beyond mere criticism of divorce. This year, Coleman says, over 10,000 families across the country will use the medal in their remarriage ceremony.
Similar changes are occurring in public schools around the country. One of the difficulties for stepfamilies is that schools and other public institutions have typically not recognized the stepparent as a valid parent; school registration forms, field trip permission slips, health emergency information — none of these required or acknowledged the stepparent. The message, whether intended or not, has been that only biological parents count. It’s a message that the stepparent and stepchild internalize, worsening what’s often an already difficult relationship, and one which the larger community takes as another sign that stepfamilies are not legally recognized in American society. Through the efforts of the Step-family Association of America and other advocates, schools around the country have begun changing their policies to acknowledge the increasingly important role of stepparents.
Change is also evident in a marketplace eager to exploit this wide social trend. In a particularly American sign of the times, the Hallmark greeting card company, is about to launch a line of cards devoted entirely to non- traditional families. The cards never use the word “step”, but most of the “Ties That Bind” line is clearly aimed at people who have come together by remarriage rather than biology — or, as one card puts it, “Thrown together without being asked, no chance of escape.” Some are straightforward (“There are so many different types and ways to be a family today”), while others are more indirect (“It’s like at a puzzle where the pieces aren’t where they used to be”). But all are aimed at the vast and growing market of people who don’t identify with the old definitions of family, and who are finding ways to make their new families work. Who knows — soon there may even be a card Tori La Londe can send to her former husband’s former mother-in-law.
1. The marriage ceremonies performed by Roger Coleman _________.| A．always make children feel confused and insecure |
| B．are more romantic than any other marriage ceremony |
| C．are designed to include some children to create an exciting atmosphere |
| D．are arranged to let children attend their parent’s remarriage ceremonies |
| A．biological parents are irreplaceable in the growth of a child |
| B．stepparents are no substitute for the biological ones |
| C．traditional views on the family structure still persist |
| D．efforts are made to facilitate the present situation |
| A．Businesses can benefit more from new patterns of families |
| B．People begin to be open to different new definitions of family |
| C．Sending cards is a good way to tie the bond of the family |
| D．Ex-husband’s ex-mother-in-law plays an important role in the family |
| A．The increasingly important role of stepparents. |
| B．The practical ways to strengthen the stepfamilies. |
| C．The difficulties that are facing the stepfamilies. |
| D．People’s gradual recognition towards stepfamilies. |
1.介绍你身边的残疾人设施建设情况；
2.分析原因并提出倡议。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Care for the Disabled
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4 . Most worthwhile careers require some kind of specialized training. Ideally, therefore, the choice of a（n）
Unfortunately, many young people, knowing
One common mistake is choosing an occupation for
Too many high-school students—or their parents for them-choose the professional field,
Before making an occupational choice, a person should have a general idea of what he wants
| A．academy | B．occupation | C．guidance | D．identification |
| A．therefore | B．so | C．though | D．however |
| A．in case of | B．for | C．because of | D．to |
| A．enter | B．participate | C．involve | D．join |
| A．leave | B．fit | C．require | D．fix |
| A．careers | B．professions | C．prospects | D．work |
| A．few | B．little | C．much | D．less |
| A．with | B．by | C．on | D．at |
| A．flow | B．wander | C．jump | D．drift |
| A．stick | B．turn | C．adhere | D．subscribe |
| A．to which | B．that | C．for which | D．what |
| A．its | B．their | C．/ | D．the |
| A．to have disregarded | B．to disregard | C．disregarding | D．disregard |
| A．preparations | B．requirements | C．specifications | D．preferences |
| A．such | B．no | C．very | D．so |
| A．Moreover | B．Otherwise | C．Nevertheless | D．Still |
| A．priority | B．regulation | C．assessment | D．consideration |
| A．out of | B．towards | C．for | D．from over |
| A．advantage | B．patience | C．risks | D．turns |
| A．awards | B．rewards | C．prizes | D．bonuses |
| 态度 | 所占比例 | 理由 | 结论 |
| 赞成 | 30％ | 1.可以了解外面的世界 2.有助于经济独立 | …… |
| 反对 | 70％ | 1. 学生的主要任务是学习 2. 兼职工作有不安全因素 |
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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6 . Millions of Americans sit behind a computer screen, chained to their desk all day because the vast majority of stable, high-paying professions(职业) are “office jobs”. However, having a successful career does not require you to sit behind a desk and plug away at a computer all day.
In fact, there are a large number of non-desk jobs in a variety of industries that are growing and offering workers a direct path to the middle class, according to a new analysis of labor market information from CareerBuilder. While most of the highest-paying non-desk jobs are medical professions that require a doctoral or professional degree, there are 170 non-desk professions that pay $15 per hour or more, do not require a bachelor’s degree(学士学位) for a typical entry-level position, and have seen at least 6 percent job growth over the last four years.
“The US workforce has gradually changed to office-based work because of the rise of the professional service economy and productivity gains associated with information technology,” Rosemary Haefner, Vice President of Human Resources Officer at CareerBuilder, said in a statement. “But some of the healthiest areas of job growth year after year are in middle-skill professions that don’t require workers to sit in front of computer monitors and phones for 40 hours a week.”
Here are the top-paying jobs that don’t require you to work at a desk in various kinds — none of which require a four-year college degree — and their hourly salary(工资) and growth rate since 2010: professional assistants(助理) : $26.57, 14 percent; elevator repairers: $37.81, 6 percent; mechanical engineering technicians: $25.19, 10 percent; and electromechanical(电动机械的) technicians: $24.68, 8 percent.
While they tend to pay less than traditional office jobs, non-desk professions provide a variety of benefits. Haefner points to a 2014 CareerBuilder survey that discovered workers who don’t work at a desk all day are less likely to complain about their work environment and less likely to report being overweight.
1. What does the underlined phrase “plug away” in the first paragraph probably mean?| A．Turn off a switch. | B．Look for a job. |
| C．Keep on working | D．Give up working |
| A．A non-desk job may provide you with a middle-class life. |
| B．The last four years has seen an increase in desk jobs. |
| C．The college degree is the ticket to a position. |
| D．A non-desk job cannot offer you a secure life. |
| A．High salary. | B．Medicine. |
| C．Information technology. | D．Service industries. |
| A．Elevator repairers. | B．Professional assistants. |
| C．Electromechanical technicians. | D．Mechanical engineering technicians. |
Up to 82 percent of children with healthy mothers are not easy to be obese（肥胖的）, according to research. A mother,
And research suggests it could be more to do with nurture(养育)
The study examined the medical history and lifestyles of more than 24,000 children aged nine
The mother's health was judged on her height-to-weight ratio(比例), her diet, amount of physical
8 . We’ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.
What’s the problem? It’s possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence. It’s more likely that none of us start a conversation because it’s awkward and challenging, or we think it’s annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it’s an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.
Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn’t
even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease(润滑剂) for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. ＂Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk,＂ he explains. ＂The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.＂
In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction(互动) with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. ＂It’s not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband,＂ says Dunn. ＂But interactions with peripheral(边缘的) members of our social network matter for our well-being also.＂
Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk. ＂Small talk is the basis of good manners,＂ he says.
1. What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph?| A．Addiction to smartphones. |
| B．Inappropriate behaviours in public places. |
| C．Absence of communication between strangers. |
| D．Impatience with slow service. |
| A．Showing good manners. | B．Relating to other people. |
| C．Focusing on a topic. | D．Making business deals. |
| A．It improves family relationships. | B．It raises people’s confidence. |
| C．It matters as much as a formal talk. | D．It makes people feel good. |
| A．Conversation Counts | B．Ways of Making Small Talk |
| C．Benefits of Small Talk | D．Uncomfortable Silence |
第四部分：写作
短文改错（共10小题；文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。）
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从十一处起）不计分。
Nowadays many graduate are looking forward to get employment in big cities, not willing to work in the countryside. Unfortunately, there are enough chances to satisfy most of the job hunter in big cities, while in the countryside talented people are bad needed but a lot of posts are waiting for you. You can put your abilities to good use and you will able to make greater contributions of building a modern countryside. Therefore, I believe in you can have as bright a future in the countryside as we will have in the cities.
10 . You might think that “global warming” means nothing more than a rise in the world’s temperature. But, rising sea levels caused by it have resulted in the first evacuation (撤离) of an island nation—the citizens of Tuvalu will have to leave their homeland.
During the 20th century, sea level rose 8—12 inches. As a result, Tuvalu has experienced lowland flooding of salt water which has polluted the country’s drinking water.
Paani Laupepa, a Tuvaluan government official, reported to the Earth Policy Institute that the nation suffered an unusually high number of fierce storms in the past ten years. Many scientists connect higher surface water temperatures resulting from global warming to greater and more damaging storms.
Laupepa expressed dissatisfaction with the United States for refusing to sign the Kyoto Protocol, an international agreement calling for industrialized nations to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions, which are a main cause of global warming. “By refusing to sign the agreements the US has effectively taken away the freedom of future generations of Tuvaluans to live where their forefathers have lived for thousands of years,” Laupepa told the BBC.
Tuvalu has asked Australia and New Zealand to allow the gradual move of its people to both countries, Tuvalu is not the only country that is vulnerable (易受影响的) to rising sea levels. Maumoon Gayoon, president of the Maldives, told the United Nations that global warming has made his country of 311,000 an “endangered nation”.
1. The text is mainly about .| A．rapid changes in earth’s temperature |
| B．bad effects of global warming |
| C．moving of a country to a new place |
| D．reasons for lowland flooding |
| A．greenhouse gas emissions in industrialized nations |
| B．higher surface water temperatures of the sea |
| C．continuous global warming |
| D．rising sea levels |
| A．agree to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions |
| B．sign an agreement with Tuvalu |
| C．allow Tuvaluans to move to the US |
| D．believe the problems facing Tuvalu were real |
| A．Australia | B．New Zealand |
| C．the Maldives | D．the United States |
