1 . Text messaging, or simply “texting”, which allows people to send and receive messages on mobile phones, becomes very popular today.
The advantages of texting are obvious. Texting helps to save money. If you have a few words to greet your families and friends on their birthdays or on some important festivals, sending messages can be cheaper than phone calling. Texting helps to save time. Even if you want to send a message to 100 people, you can do it one second. Texting helps you to “talk” to someone when he is too busy to answer the phone. Texting can also help you to “talk” to someone secretly if you don’t want others to hear what you are talking on the phone. These advantages are so amazing that many people are crazy about it. They hold mobile phones in hands all day long, send dozens of messages each day, and even text while driving or walking.
However, texting has its disadvantages. Junk messages may come into your mobile phone box now and then. When your phone box gets too full, you can’t receive any more messages. You may therefore miss some important information.
What’s more, if you don’t do texting properly, for example texting while driving or walking, it can be dangerous. It can cause injuries and even death. It was reported that about 6,000 people were killed and half a million were injured for this reason each year. In Fort Lee, a small town in New Jersey, USA, three people died because they walked into traffic while texting in 2011. Two researchers at Stony Brook University, New York found that texters are 60% more probably to have an accident than others. When people are texting, they don’t notice other people or things around them. To reduce traffic accidents, all drivers of the UN are now not allowed to text while driving. About 32 countries have passed laws restricting the use of mobile phones while driving.
Texting is a wonderful way of communication. However, only when we use it properly, can we fully enjoy the fun it brings.
1. How many advantages of texting are mentioned in the passage?| A．Two. | B．Three. | C．Four. | D．Five. |
| A．6,000 people were killed and injured. |
| B．Texters are easier to have an accident. |
| C．Texting is a good way of communication. |
| D．Many people text to greet families and friends. |
| A．not allowing | B．not telling | C．enjoying | D．making |
| A．we should do less texting | B．texting has many advantages |
| C．texting is better than phone calling | D．we should do texting properly |
2 . According to a new study in the online PLOS ONE, people make their decisions to trust others largely based on their faces. Your appearance can do a lot for you, especially if you are in the financial industry. The more trustworthy you look, the more likely people will buy what you’re selling.
Researchers from Britain’s University of Warwick Business School, University College London, and Dartmouth College, US, did a number of experiments. The research team used computer software to make 40 faces, from the least to the most trustworthy-looking. The study said that the difference between a trustworthy face and one that isn’t as trustworthy comes from features that look slightly (稍微) angry or slightly happy, even when the face is at rest. However, a slightly happy face is more likely to be trusted.
Researchers gave participants some money and asked them which face they trusted to invest (投资) the money for them. Then researchers gave some good and bad information about the people with these faces, and asked the participants again whom they trusted. The results showed that even if they got different information, the participants didn’t change their choices. They were still more likely to invest their money with the more trustworthy-looking faces.
Chris Olivola, one of the study’s authors, said in the University of Warwick’s press release: “It seems we are still willing to go with our feelings about whether we think someone looks like that we can trust them. The desire to judge strangers by their faces is hard to resist.”
1. According to the study, which of the following faces is most likely to be trusted?| A．A sad face. | B．A smiling face. | C．A crying face. | D．An angry face. |
| A．The trustworthy faces were given good information. |
| B．Researchers took photos of the 40 people’s faces in college. |
| C．Participants liked to choose the faces with good information. |
| D．Most participants gave their money to the trustworthy-looking faces. |
| A．People don’t trust strangers with sad faces. |
| B．People often judge strangers by their faces. |
| C．People prefer good-looking faces to money. |
| D．People can’t rely on background information to judge others. |
| A．Who did the Experiments? | B．What Kind of Face do You Trust? |
| C．Why do You Trust Him or Her? | D．Why did They do the Experiments? |
3 . Parents do not owe (欠) their children a college education, if they can afford it, they can certainly send them to a good university. But they needn’t feel guilty if they can’t. When children grow up and want to get married, their parents do not owe them an apartment. They do not have the duty to look after their grandchildren, either. If they want to do it, it must be considered a favor, not an obligation.
Do parents owe their children anything? Yes, they owe them a great deal.
One of their obligations is to give their children a sense of personal worth. Children who are always made to feel stupid and unworthy, constantly compared with brighter brothers, sisters, or cousins will become so unsure, so afraid of failing that they won’t try at all. Of course, they should be properly corrected when they do wrong, but it’s often better to let children learn from their mistakes by themselves in time. All their parents should do is to trust them, respect them, understand them and give them chances to try and fail. They must learn to stand failure. When criticisms (批评) are really needed, they should be balanced with a smile and a kiss. That is the way children learn.
Parents owe their children a set of solid values around which to build their lives. This means teaching them to respect the rights and opinions of others. Also, it means being respectful to elders, to teachers, and to the law. The best way to teach such values is by deed. A child who is lied to will lie. A child who sees no laughter and no love in the home will have difficulty laughing and loving.
No child asks to be born. If you bring a life into the world, you owe the child something.
1. What does the underlined word “obligation” in Paragraph 1 mean?| A．Duty | B．Burden | C．Excuse | D．Debt |
| A．Offer help but needn’t feel guilty if they can’t. | B．Look after their grandchildren for their kids. |
| C．Buy their kids a house. | D．Send their children to the university. |
| A．Blame them and tell them not to do that again. |
| B．Give them chances to learn from their mistakes. |
| C．Compare them with brighter brothers or sisters. |
| D．Correct their mistakes directly. |
| A．The reason why children feel stupid and unworthy. |
| B．How to teach children correctly. |
| C．The real duties that parents have to their kids. |
| D．The reason why parents owe their children something. |
4 . Libraries are romantic places. The romance is that of reading, and the wealth of human imagining and learning that is contained in them. Access to the knowledge and literary art poetry, fiction, drama)in a library is precious -and particularly valuable to young minds and people of any age with an interest in education.
It would be hard to find anyone who actively disapproves of libraries. But when it comes to reality, Britain’s libraries are on less solid ground. The number of books borrowed in the year ending in March.2021 was 72.9m,down 56%on the previous year. Physical visits also collapsed, from 214.6m to 59.7m.
Of course, this is the behaviour that one would expect during a pandemic. Many libraries were closed during this period, while people were discouraged from unnecessary mixing. Book sales climbed to their highest in a decade in 2021, which suggests that some former users of libraries may have bought books instead.
Private libraries at home, whether large collections or single bookshelves, appear to be developing well. But the hope must be that visits and loans at public libraries will soon return to their former level too. Like any other service, libraries need users. And while booksellers might in one sense be regarded as competitors, in fact the vast majority of those involved in the trade, from publishers to poets, are library lovers.
This has something to do with the romantic idea of the reader as explorer, with every book a door to a new store of feeling or understanding. But it also involves the recognition that if books are to form part of our life, there must be space in public for them. Books can be treasured possessions, but there is also something special about a copy that arrives in your hands having passed through those of others -and that will go on being passed between strangers who share your curiosity.
1. What has happened to British libraries?| A．They have been in a bad state. | B．They have become romantic places. |
| C．They have got great appeal for artists. | D．They have suffered great loss of users. |
| A．People avoid close contact in public. | B．Many libraries have been pulled down. |
| C．People have access to affordable books. | D．More people disapprove of public libraries. |
| A．Books are personal belongings. | B．Libraries are a paradise for adventurers. |
| C．Books should be attached importance to. | D．Libraries contribute to human connection. |
| A．Libraries will fade out of stage. | B．Libraries will hold a promising future. |
| C．Booksellers benefit from libraries’ collapse. | D．The pandemic has boosted British book sales. |
5 . Every year thousands of people come to the city of Pamplona, in north-eastern Spain, for the opportunity to run for their lives as six fighting bulls are released to charge through the town. There are injuries and deaths every year, but the event is of interest to many people. A paper just published in Science describes the insight the event offers into the psychology of panicked crowds.
That is a useful topic to explore. Arehitects, civil engineers and urban planners must try to work out how people will behave in the event of a disaster like a fire, a flood or a terrorist attack so they can design their creations to avoid potentially deadly collisions (碰撞). Unfortunately, solid information is hard to come by. Daniel Parisi, the paper’s lead author, realised that the Pamplona bull-runs offered the perfect natural experiment.
Dr Parisi and his team went to two different rooftop locations in Pamplona in July 2019, and filmed the runners as the animals were released, Later in the lab, they calculated the speed of the runners, the density (密度) of the crowd, the probability of a runner tripping and falling and the relationship between runner-group density and speed.
Perhaps unsurprisingly, the researchers found that runners picked up speed when the bulls drew near. Less expected was the finding that the speed of individual runners increased with the density of the crowd, which was contrary to a long-held assumption in architectural and urban-design circles that people will slow their pace as group density goes up, in order to lower the risk of a collision, which could lead to a fall and, perhaps, injury or death.
Yet it seems that, in the heat of the moment, people pay little attention to the danger of colliding with each other, and do not slow down. The responsibility therefore falls upon urban designers to work out how best to plan the construction of future tunnels, bridges and other passages that restrict flow. The only option may well be to make them wider.
1. What did Dr Parisi and his team do in Pamplona?| A．They proved his theory. |
| B．They recorded a bull-run. |
| C．They watched a thrilling bull-fight. |
| D．They designed a psychological experiment. |
| A．People slowed down in crowded areas. |
| B．Tripping posed a danger to bull-runners. |
| C．Bulls coming near made people running faster. |
| D．People tended to speed up in high-density crowds. |
| A．People lose their mind in disasters. |
| B．Future tunnels and bridges may be wider. |
| C．Panicked crowds are aware of the danger of collision. |
| D．Restricting flow helps to prevent people colliding each other. |
| A．How crowds react to panic |
| B．Bull-runs caught on in Spain |
| C．Dr Parisi’s finding shocks the world |
| D．What architects can learn from bull-running |
6 . My granddad often helped me make a tool to catch fish when I was young and we would spend hours along a river. It was lovely for both of us then. Many more of today’s grandparents have a growing sense of adventure. And a trend is catching on: skip-gen travel — grandparents taking fun-filled vacations with grand kids without their parents along.
A survey found that 83% of grandparents put travel with their grand kids as the number one thing when they retire. Skip-gen travel gets popular for good reason. Kids have their lives enriched and learn outside classrooms. This is also a time of talking and sharing ideas.
“How grandparents talk to children is different from how parents talk to them. Actually, I feel on a more equal footing with my grandchildren than I do with my own children,” Annie Collins, a travel architect and also part of the trend, says. “Kids away from their parents are more open to ideas and willing to express themselves. It’s not just kids gaining from traveling. Who gets the most out of this? You might think it’s them but it’s us.” According to a study by the Cleveland Clinic, grandparents who help watch and spend time with grand kids may actually live longer than their peers（同龄人）.
It’s also important to recognize that grandparents often have more time to travel. Unlike their children, who may still be in the pursuit of a personal career that offers limited time off, grandparents are often retired and likely have a different viewpoint on life, prioritizing experiences and family. So knowing the kids are in great hands, moms and dads will have a bit of time to themselves — some much-needed leisure time alone to rest and recharge their batteries.
However, skip-gen travel is not for every grandparent. After all, grandparents are worn out with years and not so energetic. They surely treasure the chance to form close ties with their grandchildren, but it’s wiser to say no when only the youth could enjoy themselves, for the travel should be a win for everyone involved.
1. Why does the author mention fishing experiences with his granddad?| A．To lead in the trend of skip-gen travel. | B．To share the pleasure in going fishing. |
| C．To stress the importance of family ties. | D．To show the growing interest in adventure. |
| A．Many parents are too strict with children. |
| B．Grandparents benefit more from skip-gen travel. |
| C．Spending time with grandparents is better for kids. |
| D．Children become mature when away from parents. |
| A．They enjoy the moment to relax. | B．They feel less anxious and stressed. |
| C．They miss their kids very much. | D．They look forward to their own trip. |
| A．Get kids involved in travel planning. | B．Strengthen the bond with grandchildren. |
| C．Reduce skip-gen travel appropriately. | D．Make decisions in both sides’ interests. |
7 . One form of social prejudice (偏见) against older people is the belief that they cannot understand or use modern technology. Activities like playing computer games, going on the Net and downloading MP3s are only for the youngsters. Isn’t it unfair that older people enjoying a computer game should be frowned upon (反对) by their children and grandchildren?
Nowadays older people have more control over their lives and they play a full part in society. Moreover, better health care has let more people in their sixties and seventies feeling fit and active after retirement. Mental activity, as well as physical exercise, can contribute to better health. Playing computer games is a very effective way of exercising the brain. So that’s why grey gamers are often seen now.
When personal computers were first introduced, most older people didn’t believe they would ever get familiar with them. Now computers have been around for a few generations and retired people have gradually become more relaxed about using them for fun. Gamers over 65 prefer playing puzzle games and card games. Kate Stevens, aged 72, says, “I find it very relaxing. It’s not very demanding, but you still need to concentrate.”
Another development that has favored “grey games” is a change in the type of video games available on the market. There’s a greater variety of games to choose from, including more intellectual and complex strategy and simulation (模拟) games. For example, Internet Chess and Train Simulator are among the most popular of these. Train Simulator is based on real — world rail activities. Players can choose from a variety of challengers, such as keeping to a strict timetable and using helper engines during a winter storm.
Some people argue that “grey gamers” simply don’t have the skills required for computer games, and that teenagers are better. This couldn’t be further from the truth. Most computer games require the kind of analytical thinking that improves with practice, which means that the “grey gamers” may well be far better than the young. In games where speed is the main consideration, older people would be at a disadvantage because they may have slower reaction. time. On the other hand, “grey gamers” have a preference for slower — paced, mind challenging games.
1. The second paragraph is intended to___________.| A．show the best way to exercise the brain | B．stress the importance of good health |
| C．explain why grey gamers exist | D．teach how to play video games |
| A．Doubtful. | B．Concerned. | C．Enthusiastic. | D．Supportive. |
| A．offering numbers | B．giving examples | C．making comparisons | D．providing details |
| A．mind challenging games are not suitable for older people |
| B．teenagers should improve their skills with practice |
| C．playing computer games requires analytical thinking |
| D．older people may perform well in computer games |
8 . Many organizations learned in the past year that remote work can be highly effective，with 83% of employers surveyed saying that the shift to remote work has been successful for their company，according to a PwC（普华永道）study. In addition，54% of workers want to continue working remotely after the pandemic. Now that it's clear that where the work is done is not as important as people once thought，the other dimension of flexibility workers desire is the freedom to determine when the work is done. A 2019 study by the International Workplace Group found that 80% of workers would turn down a job that did not offer a flexible work schedule for one that did，and76% of workers said they'd consider staying at their current employer if they could work flexible hours.
According to a Microsoft Work Trend Report，the“9-to-5” workday is disappearing，as the increase in remote work has allowed for more flexible hours. Employees are increasingly working asynchronously，completing tasks on their own schedules，which may be different from those of their colleagues. Asynchronous work is now essential to being part of a modern，digital economy，staying competitive in the war for talent，and building a globally distributed workforce.
Tsedal Neeley，a Harvard Business School professor，told me，“Companies have to profoundly rethink what it means to be part of a modern work structure. This idea of‘9-to-5’or face-time culture is actually not helpful for a digitally advanced economy. ”She highlighted that underlying face-time culture is the need to monitor or see people in order to feel like work is advancing. However，this assumption that being productive requires seeing people do the work is not only limiting，but also wrong，as technology and automation are increasingly used to get work done and are inherently not as observable. Asynchronous work，she says，is“a completely new mindset in line with a digital economy”.
1. Why do workers prefer the job which can offer a flexible work schedule？| A．Because the pandemic is still severe. |
| B．Because where to work is not important. |
| C．Because the remote work is more effective. |
| D．Because they long to be free to decide when to work. |
| A．Acting individually. |
| B．Doing something together. |
| C．Not happening at the same time. |
| D．Getting the work done cooperatively. |
| A．negative | B．approving | C．indifferent | D．neutral |
| A．Improving Efficiency in Workplace |
| B．Breaking Free from“9-to-5”Culture |
| C．Protecting Employees from Pandemic |
| D．Adjusting Yourself to Flexible Schedule |
9 . Have you ever run into a careless cell phone user on the street? Perhaps they were busy talking, texting or checking updates on WeChat without looking at what was going on around them. As the number of this new “species” of human has kept rising, they have been given a new name — phubbers (低头族).
Recently, a cartoon made by students from China Central Academy of Fine Arts put this group of people under the spotlight. In the short film, phubbers with various social identities（身份）are buried in their phones. A doctor plays with his cell phone while letting his patient die, a pretty woman takes selfie (自拍照)in front of a car accident site, and a father loses his child without knowing about it while using his mobile phone. A chain of similar events eventually leads to the destruction of the world.
Although the ending sounds overstated (夸大), the damage phubbing can bring is real. Your health is the first to bear the effect and result of it. “Continuously stretching (伸展) your head to check your cell phone could damage your neck,” Guangming Daily quoted doctors as saying, “the neck is like a rope that breaks after long-term stretching.” Also, staring at cell phones for long periods of time will damage your eyesight gradually, according to the report.
But that’s not all. Being a phubber could also damage your social skills and drive you away from your friends and family. At reunions with family or friends, many people tend to（往往） stick to their cell phones while others are chatting happily with each other and this creates a strange atmosphere, Qilu Evening News reported.
It can also cost you your life. There have been lots of reports on phubbers who fell to their death, suffered accidents, and were robbed (抢劫) of their cell phones in broad daylight.
1. The author gives the example of a cartoon in Paragraph 2 ________________.| A．to advertise the cartoon made by students. |
| B．to inform people of the bad effects of phubbing. |
| C．to show the world will finally be destroyed by phubbers. |
| D．to warn doctors against using cell phones while treating patients. |
| A．hide | B．use | C．cover | D．pay all attention to |
| A．His social skills could be affected. |
| B．His neck and eyesight will be gradually harmed. |
| C．He will cause the destruction of the world. |
| D．He might get separated from his friends and family. |
| A．negative (消极的). | B．supportive. |
| C．optimistic. | D．objective (客观的). |
Last week, 100 restaurants across Shanghai advocated the use of serving utensils(器皿), as it is a key point for the control and
Chinese people often eat together and share their
Many restaurants
According to Qu Qi, a person in charge
