1 . Cloud computing is set to change how people communicate,work and learn.But do you know it may also affect how you are hired for a job in the future?
It was once more common for people to find jobs advertised in the newspaper and then physically send applications to organizations. Now we primarily look online using job sites and apply for those jobs using cloud recruitment (招聘) services.
However, many new technologies, with the help of artificial intelligence(AI),are changing recruitment and the way we communicate with those holding the key to our dream jobs.
AI recruitment technology, such as ENGAGE Talent, is making it easier for recruiters to find potential employees by analyzing networking sites, like LinkedIn, for appropriate candidates. Primarily based on keywords, circumstance changes or current company performance, it can find candidates that haven’t clearly expressed an interest in changing jobs. Helen Poitevin, research director of IT research firm Gartner, stated, “This method of finding a passive candidate is the subject of a lot of investment and innovation today.”
Another innovation designed to help recruiters is AI assistants, similar to Apple’s Siri. CNN reported that graduates in the future might have to be overseen by a virtual assistant before getting a real interview for highly competitive graduate programs.
Companies such as Hire Vue have already developed software that plays prerecorded questions for candidates and analyzes their responses for different factors, including grammar, facial expressions and tones. It can then produce a result that defines the candidate’s qualities and recommends whether they should be considered.
The US graduate Sarah Ali has been through eight Hire Vue interviews. She told CNN, “Once I understood the AI interview process, I started thinking of it as a game and how I could optimize (优化) myself.”
This interview process has yet become the mainstream outside the US, but with the power of cloud computing, how long will it be before this tech is used worldwide?
1. According to the passage, how did people commonly find a job?A.By using cloud recruitment services. |
B.By submitting an online application form. |
C.By searching for information on the Internet. |
D.By reading job advertisements in the newspaper. |
A.ENGAGE Talent is currently the only form of it. |
B.Helen Poitevin didn’t think it was an innovative investment. |
C.It is designed to help recruiters to find appropriate employees. |
D.It can leave out the candidates greatly interested in changing jobs. |
A.To show some companies have developed software for AI recruitment. |
B.To show AI assistants have been widely adopted outside the US. |
C.To explain how to optimize oneself. |
D.To show Sarah knew well about the AI interview process. |
2 . Favored by many internet influencers, the city of Zibo, once a sleepy industrial city, has gone viral on Chinese social media platforms. The topic Zibo “barbecue” on Douyin, the Chinese version of TikTok, was played 4.96 billion times since the city stormed the Internet for over a month. On 29 April, Zibo Railway Station saw a record 87,000 train trips to and from the station, according to Chinese news website Caixin.
Local authorities in Zibo have been quick to respond to the sudden flow of visitors. A barbecue zone that can accommodate 10,000 people, featuring live band performances, was built overnight. Volunteers have been dispatched to the railway station to offer advice and recommendations to tourists. Designated (指定的) buses and trains bring tourists to and from the hottest barbecue spots. The government has even threatened to punish profiteering hotels who raise prices by more than 50% .
What makes Zibo barbecue so special is that it does offer a distinctive (独特的) dining experience. The skewers (烤串) are 70-80 percent cooked before they are brought to the table, where diners can finish cooking them on their own stoves, offering an immersive dining experience.
Zibo’s low prices are also appealing. Many college students in Shandong have made concrete plans to enjoy Zibo barbecue at the least cost, and traveling back and forth by train for only 200 yuan ($29.1). So what better way to attract adventurous, hungry college students with a tight budget other than “tasty barbecue that makes you full for only 50 yuan!”
The locals seem happy enough about the arrival of visitors and shy away from hot spots to make space for outsiders, saying they are proud that their hometown has gained nationwide fame.
1. What is the first paragraph mainly about?A.The history of Zibo. |
B.The influence of social media. |
C.The newfound popularity of Zibo. |
D.The crowdedness of Zibo Railway Station. |
A.Unique dining experience. | B.Convenient transportation. |
C.Wonderful performances. | D.Affordable prices. |
A.Favorable. | B.Worried. | C.Unconcerned. | D.Critical. |
A.To promote an industrial city. |
B.To introduce barbecue in Zibo. |
C.To explain how to attract tourists. |
D.To show the popularity of barbecue. |
Group-Chat Culture Is Out of Control
For better or worse, we might be in the Age of the Group Chat. In a recent survey, most people said they felt stressed out by group messages, which can feel like a part-time job.
Connection is wonderful. Grexts, short for group texts, have the feature of imitating the casual back-and-forth of a dialogue, and the result can be more dynamic and fun than a two-person thread. Having a chat going also means you have a space to share your updates throughout the day, a reminder that you’re part of something.
Some researchers call this “ambient(周围的) virtual presence”: Even when you’re alone, you’re not alone. One researcher compares this phenomenon to echolocation(回声定位), the process that some animals, such as bats and dolphins, use to locate objects: They produce a continuous sound and use the resulting echo to sense their surroundings. Humans might use technologies such as group chats in a similar way—as a call-and-response, taking in information about their social networks and locating themselves within those webs.
But taking in too many signals can be overwhelming. Professor Bayer argued that group chats can create a “waterfall type of effect”, where messages keep flooding in and adding up. Eventually, you’re underwater. Another researcher suggested that different chat members all bring their own personalities, communication styles, and expectations for group norms. Without a standard etiquette (礼仪), people have varied opinions about what degree of responsiveness is required—which can cause real tension.
Grext anxiety is hard to resolve because it isn’t just about the group-chat or even mobile technology in general; it’s about the tension between being our own person and being responsible to others. Ultimately, most of us do want connection, even if it involves some duties.
1. What is the feature of Grexts?2. How might humans use group chats like echolocation?
3. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
▶Without a standard etiquette, people have different ideas about what messages should be answered.
4. Please describe how another mobile technology affects your relationship with others. (In about 40 words)
4 . To encourage all students to get an education, even if their parents can’t afford it, a primary school in the Indian state of Chahattisgarh is asking parents to simply plant saplings (树苗) instead of paying school fees. The parents have to take care of the sapling and plant a new one if it dies. Compared with the cost of traditional school fees, it’s a small price to pay. And it comes with the added bonus of helping improve local air quality.
The school is Shiksha Kuteer in the city of Ambikapur in the east of the country. It is reported that at least 35 students between the ages of five and six are studying there. The initiative was set up by a group of local professionals and business owners in response to India’s rapidly increasing education fees. “Shiksha Kuteer has opened in the village for students who have no money to pay fees,” local villager Sevak Das said.
The government now spends just 3.9 percent of its budget on education, which means parents are left to pay for high school fees, as well as paying for books and other school things. A national survey made last year showed that between 2011 and 2017, private expenditure (支出) increased by 175 percent to $100 per student each year. That might not sound like a lot, but for many families, particularly in poor areas, it’s not affordable, especially at the primary school level. The lack of government spending is damaging the education system, too. The 2017 Annual Status of Education report found that nearly 20 percent of Grade 2 students, aged seven to eight, didn’t recognize the numbers between one and nine.
But by offering such a way to get students into schools, Shiksha Kuteer is encouraging education in everyone. 700 saplings have been planted across the village over the last year and more and more people in other areas would like to adopt such an approach.
1. Which of the following can best describe Shiksha Kuteer’s approach?A.No pains, no gains. |
B.Kill two birds with one stone. |
C.Two heads are better than one. |
D.There are two sides to every question. |
A.It is surrounded by trees. |
B.It is run by the locals. |
C.It was set up for poor children. |
D.It aims to protect the environment. |
A.Cautious. | B.Doubtful. |
C.Uncaring. | D.Positive. |
A.The affordable way to encourage education in India. |
B.The heavy financial burden on parents in India. |
C.The big challenges of improving India’s education system. |
D.The effects of the Indian government spending little on education. |
5 . Parenting styles have changed over the years in response to the rapid changes in the world. Whether it is tapping technology or applying the best parenting practices to meet a parenting need, parents nowadays generally invest more time in finding out how best to raise their children.
Modern parents often look to the Internet and social media for parenting advice. A parent can post questions from how to manage the constant cries of an infant to how to talk to a moody teenager, and chances are, the parent will be flooded instantly with advice and relevant articles. The availability of resources has helped modern parents engage more in their children’s development, both academically and emotionally.
A modern parenting style that has emerged is helicopter parenting, where parents are much too focused on their children. They help children with tasks they’re capable of doing on their own, like selecting activities and friends for them. Such a parenting style can hold back the development of the children’s ability to handle responsibilities independently. Children might be ill-equipped with life skills such as doing laundry, clearing their plates or coping with their schoolwork. Always protecting children from failures may also prevent them developing adaptability and acquiring skills like problem-solving.
On the other hand, parents in the past tended to monitor less. Children weren’t given more control over how to manage their schoolwork and choose their friends. They were often expected to shoulder the responsibilities of caring for younger brothers and sisters and managing housework. Living in the pre-Internet age, parents were less informed about different parenting methods and personalities.
There is no one right way to raise a child. Each child is unique and should be raised differently by parents who are present but not wandering, who are supportive but not controlling, and who protect but not care too much.
1. What does the author explain by mentioning “an infant” and “a moody teenager” in Paragraph 2?A.Devotion to kids. |
B.Tricky parenting problems. |
C.Effective parenting. |
D.Easy access to guidance. |
A.Flexible. | B.Efficient. |
C.Overinvolved. | D.Conventional. |
A.They educated kids in a rigid way. |
B.They afforded kids more space for self-growth. |
C.They overestimated their kids’ independence. |
D.They tended to stay away from social activities. |
A.Doubtful. | B.Indifferent. |
C.Favorable. | D.Objective. |
6 . As you read this, pause to reflect on your recent interactions. As a politician, husband, and father, I encounter various spoken language styles: analytical or chatty, formal or informal, pointed or gentle, cooperative or decisive. Talk is the currency of politics. It is our way of negotiating, debating, and persuading. Talk is also the currency of learning-how we develop our ideas, deepen our thinking and share our feelings.
That’s why I want speaking skills, sometimes called “oracy”, to play an important part in Labor’s plans for a reformed school curriculum (课程).
Employers value speaking skills equally with reading and writing. The ability to speak well and express yourself should be something every child should master. But the curriculum doesn’t allow us to provide this. This is short-sighted. An inability to express your thoughts fluently is a key barrier to getting on and doing well in life.
Oracy is in part about good public speaking and debating skills, but in reality, it’s about teaching young people to make strong arguments, choose wise words, understand their audience, form meaningful social connections, and use facial expressions and body language to convey their message. Above all else it’s about finding your voice. To work out who you are and what you believe. If reading opens up a world of imagination and possibility, then speaking and listening opens up a lifetime of empowerment-a chance for those who feel invisible in their own country to be heard. It is about the confidence to speak out, to call out injustice or harm.
And the other side of speaking is listening, which can also be taught. Listening, truly listening, develops tolerance and understanding. And as parents we can play our part. We’ve all been there, at mealtimes, silent as we all stare at our devices. Our job, all of ours, is to get off our screens and give young people, and adults, the gift of listening.
So, oracy―speaking and listening―needs to be placed firmly at the heart of school life.
1. How does talk help a politician?A.It deepens his wishful thinking. |
B.It enhances his analytical skills. |
C.It strengthens persuasive power. |
D.It provides emotional support. |
A.Employers underestimate the value of speaking. |
B.Academic pressure makes students poor-sighted. |
C.Spoken language is regarded as least important. |
D.Oracy should deserve more attention at school. |
A.By sharing different opinions. |
B.By clarifying the definition. |
C.By describing personal experiences. |
D.By employing the concept. |
A.Set a good example for their children. |
B.Balance screen time and mealtime. |
C.Have oral face-to-face communication. |
D.Disconnect from the virtual world. |
7 . The homelessness popularity across the Pacific Northwest is now going to be disposed of in a unique kind way by two Seattle-born non-profit organizations. Through The BLOCK Project, tiny sustainable homes are being built in the backyards of the charitable volunteers to be delivered to the homeless people of the neighborhood.
Architect and founder of The BLOCK Project, Rex Hohlbein joined Facing Homelessness, another non-profit organization to launch the collaborative project. The latter organization has the responsibility for finding land in the household backyards, on which Hohlbein’s The BLOCK Project will build small, low-emission housing. The name of the company and the project comes from Hohlbein’s pioneering design of the tiny sustainable houses. To support their initiative, thousands of Seattle residents have already offered their house backyards to the project. The government also stepped in to make the entire process as legally convenient as possible.
Seattle has been facing a double problem of having expensive houses on the one hand, and being a large homeless community on the other. In such context, Hohlbein realized that willingness of kindly neighbors could provide a much better and quicker solution than a long waiting for state allowances (补贴) or government programs. The good idea of the architect is now getting proved by continuous construction of thousands of tiny backyard homes across Seattle.
The long-term goal of the project is to copy the globally changing definition of lodging (暂住) brought about by Airbnb. According to Hohlbein, in his childhood, it was absurd to think about hosting complete strangers in any regular household just in exchange for little money, especially with the risk factors of a night-time stay. But the Airbnb has made the concept as casual as it can get. Through The BLOCK Project, Hohlbein aims to copy the same kind of “cultural shift” with future sustainable housing, starting from the grass-roots level of local neighborhoods.
1. What does the underlined phrase “disposed of” in paragraph 1 mean?A.Observed. | B.Increased. | C.Addressed. | D.Restored. |
A.Attracting more architects and supporters. |
B.Finding places to build sustainable houses. |
C.Building some low-emission houses. |
D.Making houses legally convenient. |
A.Low state allowances. | B.Seattle’s housing conditions. |
C.Willingness of kindly neighbors. | D.Emergence of backyard houses. |
A.Trying to help strangers overcome difficulties. |
B.Solving the house problem in a short time. |
C.Hosting strangers in private housing. |
D.Reducing the risk of a night-time stay. |
8 . Most of us grow up taking certain things for granted. We tend to assume that experts and religious leaders tell us “The truth”. We tend to believe that things advertised on television or in newspapers can’t be bad for us.
However, encouragement of critical (批判的) thinking in students is one of the goals of most colleges and universities. Few professors require students to share the professors’ own beliefs. In general, professors are more concerned that students learn to question and critically examine the arguments of others, including some of their own beliefs or values. This does not mean that professors insist that you change your beliefs, either. It does mean, however, that professors will usually ask you to support the views you express in class or in your writing.
If your premises (前提) are shaky, or if your arguments are not logical, professors personally point out the false reasoning in your arguments. Most professors want you to learn to recognize the premises of your arguments, to examine whether you really accept these premises, and to understand whether or not you draw logical conclusions. Put it this way. Professors don’t tell you what to think; they try to teach you how to think.
On the other hand, if you intend to disagree with your professors in class, you should be prepared to offer a strong argument in support of your ideas. Arguing just for the sake of arguing usually does not promote a critical examination of ideas. Many professors interpret it as rudeness.
1. In the first paragraph, the writer tries to tell us that ________.A.we have strong beliefs in governments while growing up. |
B.we grow up through learning certain things in life. |
C.we are forming our views during our growth. |
D.we easily believe certain things without a second thought. |
A.criticize others. | B.share the same idea as professors’. |
C.support their own views. | D.examine his own beliefs. |
A.creative. | B.firm. | C.reasonable. | D.weak. |
A.argue mainly for the sake of arguing. |
B.prove it with a good conclusion. |
C.support your ideas with a strong argument. |
D.examine others’ ideas critically. |
9 . A tender woman, or an independent one, which one would you prefer? A recent research shows that most people would choose the latter.
This type of woman is called a nühanzi (“tough woman”). Experts believe these characteristics have social and psychological roots among young females in China. Su Hao’s friends all call her a tough woman, because she can finish tough tasks usually carried out by men. For example, she carries 10-litre water to her dormitory on the 5th floor. “I depend on no one but myself,” she says.
According to a recent survey by China Youth Daily, tough women have become rather common in society. Of the 21, 265 respondents, 78.5 percent said they are familiar with a tough woman. About 50 percent said they like women with tough characteristics, while less than 29 percent expressed the opposite view.
Why are tough women gaining popularity? Shen Meng, a psychological consultant, believes the fierce competition in society is contributing to this trend. “Women are often in a disadvantaged position compared to men,” Shen says. “In order to survive, they have to be independent, strong and tough.” LiuXiaolin, professor of psychology at Wuhan Mental Health Center, believes tough women are brought up this way. “They are often on close relationship with their fathers, who teach their daughters to be brave and decisive,” he says. As a result, these women are more likely to be psychologically healthy and more tolerant to stress, according to Liu.
Though Liu believes that this is a good trend, Hu Shenzhi, a psychologist at the Guangdong Sunflower Counseling Center, says the popularity of tough woman indicates an unclear line between gender identities, which can lead to relationship problems. “Some women with characteristics that differ from the traditional female image may have a difficult time finding Mr Right,” he says. “Even if they get married, their manly characteristics might cause family conflicts.”
1. The followings belong to the characteristics of a tough woman EXCEPT ________.A.She can solve problems usually for men. |
B.She is independent of others in daily life. |
C.She is more tolerant to stress. |
D.She is soft and tender to others. |
A.about 16,700. | B.about 6,200 | C.21,265 | D.about 10,600 |
A.The competition in society is fierce. |
B.Tough women are more lovely. |
C.More women want to be independent. |
D.Girls often love fathers more. |
A.It’s difficult for them to be friends. |
B.They often suffer gender confusion. |
C.They may have difficulty with marriage. |
D.They have different characteristics form traditional female images. |
10 . Lonely? You’re hardly alone. Since COVID-19 struck, people of all ages have struggled with this. But even before the pandemic, loneliness was becoming a growing problem for teens — especially girls. That’s the finding of a new study. And that appears throughout industrial nations across the globe. The study linked rising loneliness to greater use of smartphones and the Internet over the same years.
Jean Twenge, a psychologist, took part in the study. Her team has found that since 2012, US teens have been spending less time together face-to-face.
The new study pulled its data from a survey. Some 1 million 15- and 16-year-old students from 37 countries took part in this survey in 2000, 2003, 2012, 2015 and 2018. Its questions mostly dealt with education. But they also included six statements about loneliness, such as “I feel awkward and out of place in my school”. Students could strongly disagree, disagree, agree or strongly agree with each statement.
“Smartphones can help keep us connected with friends,” says Twenge. “But they can also make people feel excluded (排斥).” Girls, especially, may feel this way. One reason may be that they like to post more photos and selfies (自拍照) than boys. Studies have shown that if those images don’t get a lot of “likes”, it can affect a teen’s mental health.
And there’s “phubbing”, a combination of “phone” and “snubbing (冷落)”. It’s that moment at which a friend or family member takes out a phone and keeps looking at it, paying no attention to everybody else, including you. Phubbing is one way technology can affect you, even when you’re not the one using it.
If technology causes loneliness, should we stop using it? “No, not at all,” argues Twenge. “Everybody of all ages is trying to figure out how we can best use technology and stay mentally healthy.” Her advice is to “use your smartphone for what it’s good for. Then put it away.” That includes putting it away overnight — ideally in another room.
1. How do girls differ from boys in smartphone use in the study?A.They need it to stay in style. |
B.They use it as a learning tool. |
C.They depend on it to keep in touch. |
D.They like to post more pictures with it. |
A.To show the harm of the smartphone. |
B.To give an example of communication. |
C.To introduce an embarrassing situation. |
D.To present a scene with the smartphone. |
A.Doubtful. | B.Supportive. |
C.Worried. | D.Uninterested. |
A.The Smartphone — the Focus of a Study |
B.The Smartphone — a Communication Tool |
C.The Smartphone — a Friend of Teenagers |
D.The Smartphone — a Source of Loneliness |