1 . ZHAO ZHIZHONG, a professor of geography at Hainan Normal University, recently proposed to make the law and forbid pupils below the age of 16 to use smartphones. Beijing Youth Daily comments:
With the prosperity of the economy, many families choose to buy a smartphone for their children at school to search for materials and assist in studying.
In and out of class, the pupils have smartphones in their hands.
It seems the heavy addiction to smartphones is affecting ever more pupils at young ages.
There are certain countries that limit pupils from using smartphones in class but allow them to use them after it.
| A．While walking, they hold them in their hands. |
| B．So a flexible ban can be considered to avoid the trouble. |
| C．They, just like their parents, have become enslaved by smartphones. |
| D．However, it remains doubtful whether a simple ban is proper. |
| E．Perhaps a child model for smartphones can also be introduced. |
| F．The actual effect remains to be seen. |
| G．In fact, when children get their smartphones, the situation is different. |
2 . Who cleans the dishes in an advertisement for dish soap? Maybe you automatically imagine a woman doing the job. Similarly, men are usually the owners and drivers in promotions（广告宣传） for cars. It seems that advertisements have created gender stereotypes （关于性别的刻板印象） for audiences.
Some people think that needs to change. In June, Advertising Standards Authority（ASA）in the UK set out a new rule, which states, “Ads must not include gender stereotypes that are likely to cause harm, or serious or widespread offence.”
“The evidence we published last year showed that harmful gender stereotypes in ads contribute to how people see themselves and their role in society. ” Ella Smillie, the ASA's project leader on gender stereotyping, told the BBC.
In the ASA's list of ads，a German milk powder manufacturer（制造商）, for example, wanted to stress that their product helps children develop. Its poster featured a baby girl as a ballet dancer and a baby boy as an engineer.
These stereotypical roles in advertisements may mislead people as to what they can do with their lives. “It may hold some people back from fulfilling their potentials, or from aspiring（渴望） to certain jobs and industries, bringing costs for individuals and the economy,” Smillie told the Guardian.
Some may say that advertising is only a small reason that gender stereotypes exist，and regulating （规范） them won't solve the real problem.
But it can be a start. “While advertising is only one of many factors that contribute to unequal gender outcomes, tougher advertising standards can play an important role in tackling（处理） inequalities and improving outcomes for individuals, the economy and society as a whole,” Guy Parker, chief executive of the ASA, said in a news release.
1. For what purpose did the author write the first paragraph？| A．To entertain readers. | B．To introduce the topic. |
| C．To inform the bad news. | D．To stress the importance of ads. |
| A．Because they can have a negative influence on the audience. |
| B．Because they can increase the costs of many manufacturers. |
| C．Because they can discourage people from making money. |
| D．Because they can help advertisers to promote their products. |
| A．By making a comparison. | B．By providing statistics. |
| C．By presenting research findings. | D．By using examples. |
| A．An advertisement. | B．A legal document. |
| C．A business newspaper. | D．A medical magazine. |
3 . When your alarm clock rings and you drag yourself out of bed, you probably wonder: Why on earth does school have to start so early?
Fortunately, there is a new law to back you up—or better still, science. A law in California requires that public middle schools begin classes no earlier than 8:00 am and that high schools start no earlier than 8:30 am. The law will go into effect by July 1, 2022.
Starting school at 8:00 or 8:30 in the morning may not sound like a big change, but it could mean one more hour of sleep for students who used to start school at 7:30 or even earlier. “The effect of that one hour is something they will be feeling as 40-year-old adults,” Sumit Bhargava, a sleep expert at Stanford University, told The New York Times. He said that not having enough sleep can affect students’ mental health and increase the risk of fatness and diabetes.
In the short run, students’ school performances should improve almost immediately. Kyla Wahlstrom, a researcher at the University of Minnesota’s College of Education and Human Development, found that students who have enough sleep are more active in class and get better grades.
Some might say that urging students to go to bed earlier could have been a much easier solution than changing the school timetable across an entire state. But according to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, teenagers go through biological changes when they enter adolescence, which makes it difficult for them to fall asleep before 11:00 pm. So when school starts at 8:00 or earlier, they can hardly get the ideal 8.5-9.5 hours of sleep that experts suggest they need to do their best in the daytime.
This is why when the new law came out, its author, Anthony Portantino, said, “Generations of children will come to appreciate this historic day and our governor for taking bold action.”
1. What does the first paragraph serve as?| A．A background. | B．An explanation. | C．An introduction. | D．A definition. |
| A．The new law is of lasting benefit to students. |
| B．Lack of sleep affects adults more than children. |
| C．Enough sleep guarantees students’ mental health. |
| D．The amount of sleep people need changes with age. |
| A．Less sleep easily makes for health problems. |
| B．California is pushing back school start times. |
| C．A law to start the school day later takes effect. |
| D．Teenagers’ biological changes affect their sleep patterns. |
4 . If you look Chinese and speak Mandarin, you can call for a ride in Vancouver via WeChat, a Chinese app. The drivers normally call back to
In July the province of British Columbia, which licenses drivers, said it would allow the big ride-hailing services
However, Andrew Curran, head of policy at TransLink, the city’s public-transport system, believes ride-hailing could
But the commercial-license requirement could have the
| A．cancel | B．confirm | C．place | D．accept |
| A．put in | B．turn up | C．hang up | D．pick out |
| A．trying | B．shouting | C．complaining | D．driving |
| A．forbidden | B．tolerated | C．advocated | D．recommended |
| A．wishes | B．ideas | C．suggestions | D．options |
| A．out | B．away | C．up | D．in |
| A．unusual | B．difficult | C．easy | D．particular |
| A．eager | B．anxious | C．cautious | D．negative |
| A．taken off | B．put up | C．broken down | D．laid off |
| A．risen | B．doubled | C．dropped | D．stopped |
| A．lessen | B．increase | C．lower | D．decrease |
| A．disabilities | B．luggage | C．children | D．friends |
| A．protect | B．ignore | C．investigate | D．inquire |
| A．coworkers | B．partners | C．competitors | D．supporters |
| A．similar | B．opposite | C．positive | D．different |
| A．discourage | B．encourage | C．benefit | D．comfort |
| A．acceptable | B．accessible | C．affordable | D．available |
| A．Furthermore | B．Instead | C．Though | D．Otherwise |
| A．excited | B．jealous | C．amazed | D．worried |
| A．reliable | B．responsible | C．loyal | D．delightful |
