If you’re in a job performing dull tasks, you might think that a robot could do the work instead. But perhaps we underestimate(低估)how much technology already helps with the activities that we would otherwise have to do. And as artificial intelligence progresses, we might find it replaces us in the workplace altogether.
For now, robotic technology is providing a helping hand for businesses, particularly in manufacturing(制造业), assisting humans in performing work more efficiently and sometimes more accurately. For online shopping, for example, robots have become vital in giant warehouses. They sort and move millions of objects of all different shapes and sizes, although humans are still needed to pick and distribute the goods.
The advancement of robotics in the workplace is good for some businesses; the ones who research, develop, build and use them. The British government estimates that by 2035, artificial intelligence could add around £ 630bn to the UK economy. But there are still tasks that robots can’t yet do, and that’s the challenge for companies such as Automata. Its co-founder, Suryansh Chandra, told the BBC that his technology will do its best to eliminate boring, repetitive jobs that humans don’t like and aren’t very good at, and also create new ones that are likely to replace them.
It seems certain that robots will eventually be able to do more and more of the jobs that are currently performed by humans, so should we be worried by the rise of the machines? Some experts fear hundreds of thousands of jobs could disappear as robots replace human workers. A recent report suggests that 14 percent of jobs are “at high risk of automation” and 32 percent of jobs could be “basically transformed”, with the manufacturing sector at the highest risk.
But as complete automation is some way off, for now we’ll have to work side-by-side with our robot colleagues — and manage to go hand in hand with them before they learn to kick us out of the door!
1. The second paragraph is mainly written to .A.show how robots can help humans | B.name industries suitable for robots |
C.explain why robots can replace humans | D.explore potential profits that robots can make |
A.Remove. | B.Secure. | C.Rediscover. | D.Create. |
A.Possible risks for manufacturing sector. |
B.Remarks on the future of the rising industry. |
C.Predictions about the tendency of technology. |
D.Worries about the future job trend due to machines. |
A.Watch out for robots. | B.Get along with robots. |
C.Mind our own business. | D.Learn to kick robots out. |
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【推荐1】The Mars 2020 rover(02W), which sets off for the Red Planet this year, will not only search for traces of ancient life, but pave the way for future human missions, NASA scientists said Friday as they introduced the vehicle.
The rover has been constructed in a large, sterile room at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, near Los Angeles, where its driving equipment was given its first successful test last week.
Shown to invited journalists on Friday, it is scheduled to leave Earth in July 2020 from Floridas Cape Canaveral, becoming the fifth US rover to land on Mars seven months later in February.
“It's designed to seek the signs of life, so we’re carrying a number of different instruments that will help us understand the geological and chemical context on the surface of Mars,” deputy mission leader Matt Wallace told AFP.
Among the devices on board the rover are 23 cameras, two “ears” that will allow it to listen to Martian winds, and lasers used for chemical analysis.
Approximately the size of a car, the rover is equipped with six wheels like the former US rover, Curiosity, allowing it to travel along rocky land.
Speed is not a priority for the vehicle, which only has to cover around 200 yards(180 metres) per Martian day -approximately the same as a day on Earth.
Fuelled by a tiny nuclear reactor, Mars 202(has seven-foot-long(2 metres) articulated arms and a drill to crack open rock samples in locations scientists identify as potentially suitable for life.
We are hoping to move fairly quickly. We'd like to see the next mission launched in 2026 which will get to Mars and pick up the samples, put them into a rocket and finally bring them back to the Earth, "said Wallace. NASA’s Mars 2020 will remain active for at least one Martian year, which is around two years on Earth.
1. What does the underlined part “pave the way” in Paragraph 1 mean?A.Making preparations | B.Finding suitable landing sites |
C.Setting up research centers. | D.Constructing roads. |
A.It looks much like a car with six wheels. |
B.It is an updated of the US rover Curiosity. |
C.It is solar-powered and can crack open rock samples. |
D.It is able to perform different tasks on Mars in search of the signs of life |
A.Lifestyle | B.Regional |
C.World | D.Culture |
A.The Mars 2020 rover has successfully passed its first driving test. |
B.NASA is planning a new round of space exploration |
C.Future human missions on Mars are on the way |
D.A new rover will be launched to carry out scientific research on Mars |
【推荐2】Modern inventions have speeded up people’s lives amazingly. Motor-cars cover a hundred miles in little more than an hour, aircraft cross the world inside a day, while computers operate at lightning speed. Indeed, this love of speed seems never-ending. Every year motor-cars are produced which go even faster and each new computer boasts(吹嘘) of saving precious seconds in handling tasks.
All this saves time, but at a price. When we lose or gain half a day in speeding across the world in an airplane, our bodies tell us so. We get the uncomfortable feeling known as jet-lag: our bodies feel that they have been left behind in another time zone. Again, spending too long at computers results in painful wrists and fingers. Mobile phones also have their dangers, according to some scientists: too much use may transmit harmful radiation into our brains, a consequence we do not like to think about.
However, what do we do with the time we have saved? Certainly not relax, or so it seems. We are so accustomed to constant activity that we find it difficult to sit and do nothing, or even just one thing at a time. Perhaps the days are long gone when we might listen quietly to a story on the radio, letting imagination take us into another world.
There was a time when some people’s lives were devoted simply to the cultivation of the land or the care of cattle. No multi-tasking there; their lives went on at a much gentler pace and in a familiar pattern. There is much that we might envy about a way of life like this. Yet before we do so, we must think of the hard tasks our ancestors faced: they farmed with bare hands, often lived close to hunger, and had to fashion tools from wood and stone. Modern machinery has freed people from that primitive existence.
1. What does the underlined words “the days” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A.Simple life in the past. | B.Imaginary life. |
C.Times of inventions. | D.Time for constant activity. |
A.Objective. | B.Critical. |
C.Optimistic. | D.Doubtful |
A.Machinery and human beings. | B.The present and past times. |
C.Imagination and inventions. | D.Modern technology and its influence. |
【推荐3】Paying $ 25,000 to get your pet cloned might sound attractive, if you have the money and can’t imagine life without your pet.
There are two companies now that can clone your pet: ViaGen and Sooam Biotech. Lab techs there will clone your pet using a process called somatic cell nuclear transfer (体细胞核移植), the same method used to clone Dolly the sheep in 1996. This involves removing the nucleus from a female’s developing egg cell and replacing it with the nucleus from a cell from the animal you want to clone. The new cell is then stimulated (刺激) with an electric shock to make it divide and then implanted into a host organism (有机体).
The decision to clone your pet has to take place while they’re still alive. You need to sign up with the company and take your pet to the vet so they can harvest some cells. Then, for between $ 1-2000, the company will store the cells. Even if you decide to stop, there’s no refund for the storage. If you decide to have your pet cloned, you’ll pay a much larger deposit to perform the cell transfer and implant the cells into a host animal.
What’s most important to consumers is the product. Your clone is a twin of your former pet, but it won’t necessarily look or act like the original. They may have different colors and you don’t get your money back. Even the companies admitted in New York Times “You can clone the look of a dog, but you can’t clone the soul.”
1. Why did the author mention Dolly the sheep?A.To ensure the safety of cloning. |
B.To show that it is easy to clone sheep. |
C.To prove the technology has a long history. |
D.To tell readers the method used to clone their pets. |
A.Your pet can be brought back to life. |
B.The charge of pet cloning is $ 1-2000. |
C.Your new pet will have a parent when cloned. |
D.The company will refund you if you give up halfway. |
A.Cloning is a moral issue. |
B.The future of cloning is unclear. |
C.The technology of cloning is not perfect. |
D.Yon won’t get the exact copy of the former one. |
A.A travel guide. | B.A newspaper. |
C.A science fiction. | D.A textbook. |
【推荐1】Feeling overcome by your to-do list can make you unhappy, but a new study suggests that more free time might not be the magic elixir (灵丹妙药) most of us dream it could be.
The researchers analyzed data from 35,000 subjects about how Americans spend their free time. They found that people with more free time generally had higher levels of subjective happiness—but only up to a point. Compared to those with less time, people with up to two hours of free time a day generally felt better. However, people who had five or more hours of free time a day generally felt worse. So the free-time “sweet spot” might be two to three hours per day.
Part of finding this “sweet spot” is connected with how people spend their free time. In an online experiment, the subjects were asked to imagine having four to seven free hours per day and spending that time doing “productive” (富有成效的) or “unproductive” activities. Most of them believed their happiness would suffer if they had a lot of free time during the day—but only if they used it unproductively. Though that experiment was based on the previous assumptions (假设), which is one limitation, it agrees with other experiments showing that being in a state of flow can benefit people’s mental health.
Of course, for you, any activities that increase your happiness are “productive”. If watching soap opera in your free time makes you feel better, you should do that due to self-care. And some traditionally productive activities can be easy and fun. For example, walking and cooking can help burn stress and put people in a state of flow.
“In cases where people find themselves with large amounts of free time, such as retirement or unemployment,” Sharif said, “our results suggest they can benefit from spending their newfound time with purpose.”
1. How did the researchers carry out the study of the free-time “sweet spot”?A.By studying the collected data. | B.By doing the experiment again and again. |
C.By observing the respondents. | D.By doing an interview with the subjects. |
A.The activity. | B.Free time. |
C.The finding. | D.The experiment. |
A.To present a fact. | B.To make a prediction. |
C.To explain an opinion. | D.To introduce a topic. |
A.Much free time with purposeful activities can affect people’s happiness. |
B.The “sweet spot” has little connection with the amount of free time. |
C.Much unfinished work is likely to make people feel worse. |
D.People will always feel much happier with more free time. |
【推荐2】In a study involving sweat samples from 335 people, trained dogs sniffed out 97 percent of the coronavirus cases that had been identified by PCR tests and all 31 COVID-19 cases among 192 people who didn’t have symptoms, researchers reported.
These findings are evidence that dogs could be effective for mass screening efforts at places such as airports or concerts and may provide friendly alternatives for testing people who fear the tests, says Dominique Grandjean in France.
Dogs’ noses also identified more COVID-19 cases than did antigen (抗原) tests, but sometimes mistook another virus for the coronavirus, Grandjean and colleagues found. What’s more, evidence suggests the dogs can pick up cases 48 hours before people test positive by PCR.
In the study, dogs were trained in coronavirus detection by rewarding them with toys—usually tennis balls. “It’s playtime for them,” Grandjean says. It takes about three to six weeks, depending on the dog’s experience with odor detection, to train a dog to pick out COVID-19 cases from sweat samples. For detection, the dogs sniffed used face masks or housing sweat samples collected from human volunteers’ underarms. Results showed that dogs perform as well as or even better than PCR tests for detecting the virus that causes COVID-19, Furton says. He and colleagues have used dogs at schools, a music festival and in a small trial screening airline employees for coronavirus infections.
One of the biggest advantages dogs have over other tests is their speed, Furton says. “Even with what we call a rapid test, you’re still going to have to wait tens of minutes or even hours, where the dog in a matter of seconds can make a response.” However, dogs take time to train and there currently aren’t even enough dogs trained to detect explosives, let alone diseases, Otto says.
Another drawback is that people don’t think of them as high-tech, though they’re one of the highest-tech devices we have.
1. What can we learn about the study from the first paragraph?A.Dogs were trained to test COVID-19. |
B.Sweat samples are perfect to test COVID-19. |
C.Dogs can identify most COVID-19 cases. |
D.PCR tests failed to meet public expectation. |
A.Dogs may be unfriendly to people when doing tests. |
B.Dogs lack experience dealing with large screens. |
C.Dogs may need a long time to identify the disease. |
D.Dogs may recognize other diseases as coronavirus. |
A.They perform well at detecting COVID-19 virus. |
B.They do better at detecting explosives than viruses. |
C.They are widely used in public places like schools. |
D.They like to be rewarded with toys after training. |
A.Supportive. | B.Disapproving. | C.Fearful. | D.Confident. |
【推荐3】Likely to suffer from loss of memory from time to time? Smart cameras can now remind you. Khai Truong at the University of Toronto in Canada and his colleagues have created a smartphone app that records interactions with household objects. The system involves a barcode-like markers that the user sticks to objects whose use they would like to track.
With the smartphone worn around your neck, the app automatically records a short video clip when a marked object comes into view. “The user is able to look through the application and see the last time they interacted with it. " says Truong. The app can help people track the state of objects — such as whether they locked a door or switched a light off—as well as routine actions. At present it successfully records about 75% of interactions, but only works for fixed objects.
A similar but separate system can solve the problem. E. Akin Sisbot and Jonathan Connell at IBM Research in New York have invented a ceiling-mounted(安装在天花板上的)camera that monitors objects and people. It continuously watches an area such as a tabletop in your home, tracking the placement of objects in relation to one another. It also remembers who first brought an object into the field of view as well as anyone moved it for afterwards. When asked, “Where is my wallet?” the system might respond, “It is next to the vase, under the magazines. ”
The camera could also be used in factories or operating theatres to track a vital tools, says Sisbot. For now, the camera uses a deep sensor to spot things. It is limited to detecting objects thicker than 3 centimeters, meaning that it has trouble with thin objects such as a closed laptop placed flat on a table.
The accuracy of such smart camera systems may need to improve before they are widely adopted, “You’ve got to trust the technology for it to be of any comfort or reassurance.” says Geoffrey Ward at the University of Essex in UK.
1. How does the smartphone app mentioned in Paragraph 2 work?A.By switching of electricity automatically. |
B.By scanning barcodes of household objects. |
C.By recording the movement of marked objects. |
D.By informing owners of potential dangers. |
A.It is unlikely to make a sound. |
B.It is unable to recognize movable objects. |
C.It fails to find objects thinner than 3 centimeters. |
D.It hardly senses objects without barcode-like markers. |
A.Neutral | B.Supportive | C.Skeptical | D.Opposed |
【推荐1】Wu Ge was asked to prepare a waiting area at Pudong International Airport specifically for transit(过境) passengers on his first day as an airport official tasked with COVID-19 prevention and control.
The task would have been challenging for most people, but Wu took it quickly and gave tasks to his colleagues. Together, they cleaned and disinfected(消毒) the area, and set zones for checking people' s temperatures and filling out forms. It wasn't until the first passenger stepped into the waiting area that Wu finally took a break.
Born in Chongqing, the 46-year-old began working at Pudong International Airport in 2007 and is now an official leading more than 300 members of the Shanghai airport authority's safety check and protection department.
As the nation 's busiest airport for overseas travelers, Shanghai Pudong International Airport is battling the COVID-19 with closed-loop management. During this period, Wu and his colleagues have been given a special task force in charge of separating overseas travelers into various kinds, sending passengers to quarantine(检疫) spots and safeguarding them.
“This job requires care, responsibility and hard work. Our teammates have sweat all over their bodies as they have to wear N95 face-masks and protective suits all the time. Each of us walks at least 30,000 steps every day. Sometimes we even hit 60,000 steps,” he says.
Wu's work as the group leader is nonstop. Breakfast is sometimes the only meal he has in a day. Wu says he tries his best to reduce waiting time for passengers. He has also arranged for hot water and biscuits to be made available for passengers around the clock.
1. What was Wu Ge asked to do?A.Reduce waiting time. | B.Prepare hot water and biscuits. |
C.Prepare a waiting area. | D.Help passengers fill out forms. |
A.Demanding. | B.Rewarding. | C.Satisfying. | D.Frightening. |
A.It was hot at that time. | B.They carried passengers’ luggage. |
C.They had to walk a lot. | D.They wore protective equipment. |
A.Working at the Airport. | B.Fighting COVID-19 at the Airport. |
C.Living a Busy Life at the Airport. | D.Helping Passengers at the Airport. |
【推荐2】A man walked into a small Irish pub and ordered three beers. The bartender(酒吧招待) was surprised, but he served that man three beers. One hour later the man ordered three beers again. The very next day that man ordered three beers again and drank quietly at a table. This repeated several times and shortly after the people of the town were whispering about the man, who was ordering three beers at once.
A couple of weeks later, the bartender decided to clear this out and inquired: “ I do not want to pry, but could you explain why you order three beers all the time?” The man replied, “ It seems strange, doesn’t it? You see, my two brothers live abroad at the moment, one in France and the other in Italy. We have made an agreement that every time we go to pub, each of us will order two extra beers and it will help keep up the family bond.”
Soon all the town has heard about the man’s answer and liked it a lot. The man became a local celebrity. Residents of the town were telling this story to newcomers or tourists and even invited them to that pub to look at Three-Beer Man.
However, one day the man came to pub and ordered only two beers, not three as usual. The bartender served him with a bad feeling. All that evening the man ordered and drank only two beers. The very next day all the town was talking about this news. Some people prayed for the soul of one of the brothers and others quietly grieved(悲痛).
When the man came to the pub next time and ordered two beers again, the bartender asked him, “ I would like to offer condolences to you, due to the death of your dear brother.” The man considered this for a moment and then replied, “ Oh, you are probably surprised that I order only two beers now? Well, my two brothers are alive and well. It’s just because of my decision. I promised myself to give up drinking.”
1. Why did the man order three beers all the time?A.He was fond of drinking beers in this pub. |
B.He missed his two brothers living abroad very much. |
C.He made an agreement with his brothers. |
D.This would help him become a local celebrity. |
A.News traveled fast in the town. |
B.The man was famous as a heavy drinker. |
C.The man’s brothers liked drinking beer very much. |
D.The man was strong-minded to give up drinking. |
A.He would earn less money than before. |
B.He thought the man should order three beers. |
C.He thought one of the man’s brothers had passed away. |
D.The man decided to give up drinking |
A.Gratitude. | B.Appreciation. |
C.Surprise. | D.Pity. |
【推荐3】Most adults firmly believe that as kids reach their teens, they start to take crazy risks that get them in trouble. Do teenagers simply love taking all risks much more than adults? A recent study suggests otherwise.
Scientists designed a simple experiment involving 33 teenagers and three other age groups. In the experiment, the researchers tried to distinguish between two very different kinds of risk-taking. The first they called a willingness to take known risks (when the probability of winning is clear) and the second they called a willingness to take unknown risks (when the possibility of success is uncertain).
The study offered participants the opportunity to play two kinds of games. They had the chance to win money, with one game offering a known risk and the other offering an unknown risk. On each round of the game, each participant had to choose between taking a sure $5 and known or unknown risks of winning a lot more. If on one particular round they had picked the $5 for sure choice, then they got $5. But if on that round they had chosen to take a risk, the rules of the game will determine whether or not they had won. If they did win, they went home with between $8 and $125. And, of course, if they lost, they went home with nothing.
What the scientists found was really quite surprising. It turned out that the average teenager was very hesitant when risks were known—more careful than college students or parents-aged adults, and about as careful as grandparent-aged adults. This means that when the risks were known, teenagers were not risky in their behavior at all. Only when the risks were unclear did teenagers choose them more often than other groups. Under those kinds of conditions, they were much more willing to take a risk than any other group.
So, what does all of this mean? The research suggests that adults should probably focus more energy on trying to educate teenagers about risks than limiting them. Teenagers who understand the risks associated with a decision are more likely to be careful in their behavior.
1. This experiment was carried out by ________.A.dividing the teens into three groups |
B.comparing the reactions to different risks |
C.giving equal amount of awards to the participants |
D.observing the emotional changes of the teenager |
A.Teenagers. | B.College students. |
C.Parent-aged adults. | D.Grandparent-aged adults. |
A.guaranteeing children to be careful |
B.setting age limits on dangerous activities |
C.respecting teens to make their own choices |
D.guiding teens to learn more about the effect of risks |
【推荐1】Is It a Healthy Interest?
The Guinness Book of World Records describes Ranulph Fiennes as the world’s greatest living explorer. His journeys include the first polar circumnavigation (极地环行) and the first unsupported crossing of the Antarctic continent on foot. So when he suffered a heart attack, it came as something of a surprise.
Exercise is highly beneficial as it reduces both the pulse (脉搏) rate and the blood pressure so reducing stress on the heart as it brings blood round the body. It also helps to keep the artery (动脉) walls more elastic (有弹性的).
But can you push yourself too much? On the subject of exercise, it is good to take several parts of “moderate” exercise a week,which is a little more than quick walking. “We need to be careful when we’re doing extreme sports,” says expert Len Almond. “Extreme stress can make almost impossible demands on the body’s ability to recover. The stress of extreme sports forces biochemical changes in the body, and the physical response to that kind of activity will be too extreme.”
We all know how the Olympics began. The man who ran 26 miles from the town of Marathon to Athens with news of a victory died as soon as he arrived,and the cause of his sudden death might be the heart attack. Further research was done by scientists. They studied cyclists (自行车运动员) on a race that covers 230km with a height change of 5,500m. They were interested in one particular enzyme (酶), high concentrations of which are found in those who have suffered a heart attack. The scientists found that levels of this chemical increased in most of the cyclists who completed the race. The largest increases were seen in the fastest cyclists who had trained the hardest.
Most of us will never put our bodies to such extreme sports. But if, when you hear about someone like Fiennes,you ask whether exercise is worth it. I advise you to consider your own condition. Personally, I agree with the saying: “Run not to add years to your life but to add life to your years.”
1. According to the passage, taking exercise can_______ .A.speed up the heart rate | B.increase stress on the heart |
C.reduce the blood pressure | D.keep the artery walls straight |
A.Our bodies can easily deal with physical stress. |
B.Playing extreme sports is harmful to the human body. |
C.We need a long period of recovery after extreme sports. |
D.There is more to learn about the effect of physical stress. |
A.To suggest a different area of research. |
B.To support the activity of taking part in sports. |
C.To explain the effect of a height change on cyclists. |
D.To prove that extreme sports may cause heart attacks. |
A.helps you have a regular life | B.adds years to your life |
C.should be done in moderation | D.will be worth the effort |
【推荐2】A child's birthday party doesn't have to be a hassle;it can be a basket of fun, according to Beth Anaclerio, a mother of two, ages 4 and 18months.
“Having a. party at home usually requires a lot of running around on the part of the parents, and often the birthday boy or girl gets lost in wild. excitement. But it really doesn't have to be that way," said Anaclerio. Last summer, Anaclerio and her friend Jill Garlisle, a Northbrook mother of a 2-year-old, founded a home party-planning business called "A Party in a Basket." Their goal is to help parents and children share in the fun part of party planning, like choosing the subject or making a cake, while they take care of everything.
Drawing on their experiences as mothers, they have created 10 ready-to-use, home party packages. Everything a family needs to plan a party, except the cake and ice cream, is delivered to the home in a large basket.
"Our parties are aimed for children 2 to 10." Anaclerio said, "and they're very interactive and creative in that they build a sense of drama based on a subject. For example, at the Soda Shoppe party the guests become waiters and waitresses and build wonderful ice cream creations."
The standard $ 200 package for eight children includes a basket filled with invitations, gifts, games and prizes, paper goods, a party planner and the like. For more information, call Anaclerio at 708-864-6584or Carlisle at 708-205-9141.
1. What is the purpose of this passage?A.To share information about party planning. |
B.To introduce the joys of a birthday party. |
C.To announce a business plan. |
D.To sell a service. |
A.parents are saved the trouble of sending invitations |
B.guests play a part in the preparation of a party |
C.it brings parents and children closer together |
D.it provides a subject of conversation |
A.![]() | B.![]() |
C.![]() | D.![]() |
【推荐3】Just picture William Shakespeare, the king of English literature (文学), sitting in front of a computer chatting with a "mouse potato” online. Perhaps both sides would think the other is using a strange new language.
Rome was not built in a day, and neither was English. And the Internet speeds up the development of language. The most recent evidence is that some new words have found their way into the Merriam-Webster Dictionary as standard English words.
“ Mouse potato”, like couch potato, has nothing to do with food. It refers to(指的是) people who play on their computers all day. The verb" google" comes from the popular Internet search engine. You can easily guess its meaning. And a "drama queen" is not really someone from a royal family or a stage play. It can refer to a person who often gives emotional performances or reactions.
Actually, the development of English has never stopped. In 1066, France came to Britain and then ruled it. That is why we find many French words in the English vocabulary like cafe, mutton and beef. After the American Revolution, English in colonial (殖民地) America began to separate itself from English across the Atlantic. Besides changes in intonation (语调), certain words fell out of favour and were replaced. For example," autumn" in Britain became "fall"in the United States. English has changed from a simple language with only 50,000 words into a great one with over 750, 000. This is partly because of globalization (全球化)。
Many languages have also helped the development of English. Words like Chinese “tofu” and Japanese “sushi” can also be found in English. Maybe you will create the next new English word. Who knows?
1. The writer gave the example of Shakespeare to stressA.the great change of English | B.the large number of English speakers |
C.the great use of English | D.the difficulty in learning English |
A.Mouse potato. | B.Couch potato |
C.Drama queen. | D.Google |
A.Autumn | B.Mutton |
C.Tofu | D.Sushi |
A.50,000 | B.750,000 |
C.800,000 | D.700,000. |